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Chem > Periodic Table > Flashcards

Periodic Table Flashcards

think abt grp first

1
Q

Periodic table element arrange by

A

increasing proton no.

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2
Q

element in same grp have

A
  1. similar chemical formula, reactions, properties
  2. gradual change, phys properties
  3. same valence e-

Similar Chem Formula, Grp 1, bonding w/ Oxygen
Na2 O
K2 O
Rb2 O

Chemical properties
how elements act in chemical reaction

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3
Q

is metal/nonmetal phys or chem property?

A

physical

Chemical properties
how elements act in chemical reaction

e.g. chemical property
1. strength of acid

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4
Q

as nuclear charge increases, atomic radii:

A

decreases

NUCLEAR CHARGE
total charge, protons in nucleus, atom

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5
Q

Grp 1, 2, 13

  1. Structure
  2. oxide type
  3. character
A
  1. GIMS/GILS
  2. basic // amphotheric
  3. metal, ionic

nonmetal + metal transfer e- = ionic
nonmetal + nonmetal share e- = covalent

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6
Q

Grp 14

  1. Structure
  2. oxide type
  3. character

Grp 4-14 is Transition

A
  1. GMS
  2. acidic
  3. Metalloid, tendency form covalent compound, share e-

nonmetal + nonmetal share e- = covalent

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7
Q

Grp 15,16,17

  1. Structure
  2. oxide type
  3. character

Grp 4-14 is Transition

A
  1. SMS
  2. acidic
  3. nonmetal, ionic

nonmetal + metal transfer e- = ionic

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8
Q

is grp 18 nonmetal or metal?

A

nonmetal
different properties, other nonmetal

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9
Q

max no. electron intake a shell can take

A

n = Period
2n^2

Valence Electron Calculation
Initial shell: alw 2 electron
Last shell: use formula // charge

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10
Q

Grp 1
Grp 2
Grp 17
Names

A

G1: Alkali metals
G2: Earth metals
G17: Halogens

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11
Q

Unique phys properties as u go down grp
G1 Elements

A

Generally, as u go down the grp:
1. mp, bp decrease
2. Hardness decrease
3. Increase rate reactivity
4. Alkaline
5. LiNaK float, water

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12
Q

Unique phys properties as u go down grp
G17 Elements

Oppose G1 elements

A

Generally, as u go down the grp:
1. mp, bp increase
2. Colour intensity increase
3. Decrease rate reactivity

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13
Q

Does G1 elements tarnish quickly?

A

Tarnishing
Due 2 reaction w/ oxygen

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Ep_FO9CxYSFbxmf3Zqg9mgm9NNyt2enpfMDr49gufrU/edit?tab=t.0 Page 11

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14
Q

what causes reactivity?

PHYS PROPERTIES NOT AFFECTED BY E-, ONLY CHEM PROPERTIES i.e. reactivity, how they react

A

Ease of losing valence e-
1. lesser electrostatic force of e- btwn electron, nucleus, easier lose valence e-

  1. G1 need lose 1 electron only react easiest
  2. atomic radii increase

for 1:
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Ep_FO9CxYSFbxmf3Zqg9mgm9NNyt2enpfMDr49gufrU/edit?tab=t.0 page 12

therefore elements that tend to ionic bond below more reactive

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15
Q

G1 Elements
chemical properties

A
  1. vry reactive stored under oil
  2. react w/ H2o (cold/rm temp) -> hydrogen gas + strong alkaline soln.

E.g. eqn:
2Na + 2H2o -> 2NaOH + H2

strong alkaline soln. turns Universal Indicator -> purple

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16
Q

why keep grp1 elements in oil

A

oil prevent o2, water, reacting w/ surrounding

17
Q

is hydrogen flammable?

A

yes
- but need continuous supply o2, burn

Reason why extinguish w/ pop sound is:
- flame uses up so much more o2, extinguishes

18
Q

when u move down ANY grp, what phys property increases?

A

More metallic

19
Q

what are halides

A

ions of Grp 17

(when Grp17 elements bond)

i.e.
Chloride
iodide

20
Q

Fluorine
chlorine
bromine
iodine
astatine

rtp colour

A

Flourine: yellowish
Chlorine: yellowish-green
Bromine: reddish-brown
Iodine: purplish-black
Astatine: black

21
Q

Fluorine
chlorine
bromine
iodine
astatine

rtp state

A

Flourine: gas
Chlorine: gas
Bromine: liquid
Iodine: solid
Astatine: solid

22
Q

Grp 17 physical properties

A
  1. low mp, bp (small amt heat need overcome weak intermolecular forces, sms)
  2. toxic
  3. form coloured substance
23
Q

use of
helium
neon
argon

A

helium: weather balloon, safer than N2 gas, use, divers
neon: advertising lights
argon: fill up light bulb, weld stainless steel

24
Q

Grp 17
as you go down grp, trend

A
  1. mp, bp increase
  2. colour intensity increase
  3. reactivity decrease
25
Q

Grp 18
phys properties

A
  • inert, stable electronic config
  • 8 valence e-, except He
  • monoatomic
  • colourless, odorless
  • insoluble, water
26
Q

Grp 18
move down grp
trend

A

mp, bp increases

27
Q

transition metal
features

A
  • form ions, variable oxidation states
28
Q

do all transition metals have variable Oxidation States?

A

no!
Zn, Ag only 1 OS

29
Q

examples of catalysts

A

Making HNo3
catalyst: Pt (Transition Metal)

Chem (14 decks)

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