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Chemistry > Reactivity Series > Flashcards

Reactivity Series Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the general equation for a metal reacting with an acid?

A

The general equation for a metal reacting with an acid is:

metal + acid → salt + hydrogen

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2
Q

True or False?

Only metals above hydrogen in the reactivity series will react with dilute acids.

A

True.

Only metals above hydrogen in the reactivity series will react with dilute acids.

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2
Q

Define the term salt.

A

A salt is the ionic compound produced when a metal reacts with an acid.

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3
Q

Give the balanced symbol equation for the reaction of calcium with water.

A

The equation for the reaction of calcium with water is:

Ca (s) + 2H2O (l) → Ca(OH)2 (aq) + H2 (g)

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4
Q

What is a displacement reaction?

A

A displacement reaction is one where a more reactive element takes the place of a less reactive one in a compound.

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5
Q

True or False?

Copper is more reactive than hydrogen.

A

False.

Copper is less reactive than hydrogen.

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6
Q

True or False?

Magnesium reacts rapidly with cold water.

A

False.

Magnesium reacts very slowly with cold water.

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7
Q

What are the products when potassium reacts with water?

A

The products when potassium reacts with water are potassium hydroxide and hydrogen gas.

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8
Q

True or False?

Sodium is more reactive than potassium.

A

False.

Potassium is more reactive than sodium.

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9
Q

State the meaning of the observation “vigorous” for a metal-acid reaction.

A

If a metal-acid reaction is described as “vigorous”, it means the reaction is rapid and intense

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10
Q

True or False?

A less reactive metal can displace a more reactive metal from its compounds.

A

False.

A more reactive metal will displace a less reactive metal from its compounds.

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11
Q

What is a reducing agent?

A

A reducing agent is a substance that donates electrons in a redox reaction.

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12
Q

Give the balanced symbol equation for the displacement of copper from copper(II) oxide by zinc.

A

The balanced symbol equation is:

Zn + CuO → ZnO + C

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13
Q

Define oxidation in terms of oxygen transfer.

A

Oxidation is any reaction in which a substance gains oxygen.

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14
Q

Define the term displacement.

A

Displacement means the removal or replacement of one element/compound by another.

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15
Q

What is a spectator ion?

A

A spectator ion is an ion that does not participate in the chemical reaction and appears unchanged on both sides of the equation.

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16
Q

True or False?

Magnesium can displace copper from copper sulfate solution.

A

True.

Magnesium can displace copper from copper sulfate solution.

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17
Q

Define reduction in terms of oxygen transfer.

A

Reduction is a reaction in which a substance loses oxygen.

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18
Q

What is observed when a more reactive metal displaces a less reactive one from a solution?

A

When a more reactive metal displaces a less reactive one, the less reactive metal coats the surface or falls out as a solid.

19
Q

What does it mean if a metal “disappears” from a salt solution during a displacement reaction?

A

If a metal “disappears” from a salt solution, it means it has been displaced by a more reactive metal.

20
Q

Give the name of a metal that is above carbon in the reactivity series.

A

A metal that is above carbon in the reactivity series is:

Potassium

Sodium

Lithium

Calcium

Magnesium

Aluminium

21
Q

Name a metal that is below hydrogen in the reactivity series

A

A metal that is below hydrogen in the reactivity series is:

Copper

Silver

Gold

22
Q

Which metal is more reactive; zinc or iron?

A

Zinc is more reactive than iron.

23
Q

Which metal is more reactive; aluminium or zinc?

A

Aluminium is more reactive than zinc.

24
Q

What mnemonic can be used to remember the reactivity series?

A

One mnemonic to remember the reactivity series is:

“Please send lions, cats, monkeys and cute zebras into hot countries signed Gordon”

Potassium, sodium, lithium, calcium, magnesium, carbon, zinc, iron, hydrogen, copper, silver and gold

25
Q

True or False?

The most reactive metal in the reactivity series is at the bottom.

A

False.

The least reactive metal is at the bottom of the reactivity series

26
Q

What is rust?

A

Rust is the hydrated iron(III) oxide that forms on iron when it corrodes.

27
Q

True or False?

Rusting requires both oxygen and water to occur.

A

True.

Rusting requires both oxygen and water to occur.

28
Q

Define the term corrosion.

A

The term corrosion means the degradation or deterioration of a metal surface through a chemical reaction.

29
Q

What does the presence of salt do to the rusting process?

A

The presence of salt (sodium chloride) speeds up the rusting process.

30
Q

True or False?

Iron will rust if kept completely dry.

A

False.

Iron requires the presence of water to rust.

31
Q

What is the process called where a more reactive metal is intentionally allowed to corrode?

A

When a more reactive metal is intentionally allowed to corrode to protect another metal, it is called sacrificial corrosion.

32
Q

What is formed when zinc coats iron to prevent rusting?

A

When zinc coats iron, zinc carbonate (ZnCO3) is formed which protects the iron

32
Q

Define oxidation in terms of electron transfer.

A

Oxidation is the loss of electrons by a substance

33
Q

Name some barrier methods that prevent rusting.

A

Some barrier methods that prevent rusting are:

paint

grease

oil

plastic

34
Q

True or False?

Rusting weakens the structure and integrity of iron over time.

A

True.

Rusting weakens the structure and integrity of iron over time as more iron is lost.

35
Q

Define reduction in terms of oxygen.

A

Reduction is a reaction in which a substance loses oxygen.

35
Q

Define oxidation in terms of oxygen.

A

Oxidation is any reaction in which a substance gains oxygen.

36
Q

What is oxidised in the following reaction in terms of oxygen?

Zn + CuO → ZnO + Cu

A

In Zn + CuO → ZnO + Cu, the zinc / Zn is oxidised as it gains oxygen to become zinc oxide / ZnO.

37
Q

Define oxidation in terms of electrons.

A

Oxidation is the loss of electrons.

38
Q

Define reduction in terms of electrons.

A

Reduction is the gain of electrons.

39
Q

What is oxidised in the following reaction?

Mg + Cu2+ → Mg2+ + Cu

A

In Mg + Cu2+ → Mg2+ + Cu, magnesium (Mg) is oxidised as it loses electrons.

40
Q

Define the term spectator ions?

A

Spectator ions are ions that appear unchanged on both sides of a chemical equation and do not participate in the reaction.

41
Q

Define the term oxidising agent in terms of electrons.

A

In terms of electrons, an oxidising agent is accepts electrons.

An oxidising agent is reduced.

42
Q

Define the term redox reaction.

A

A redox reaction is when oxidation and reduction take place simultaneously.

43
Q

What is the oxidising agent in the following reaction?

Cu + 2Ag+ → Cu2+ + 2Ag

A

The oxidising agent in the following reaction is Ag+ as it has been reduced / gained electrons.

Cu + 2Ag+ → Cu2+ + 2Ag

Chemistry (17 decks)

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