Alkenes Flashcards

1
Q

What is the general formula for alkenes?

A

The general formula for alkenes is CnH2n.

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2
Q

What is the characteristic feature in the structure of alkenes?

A

All alkenes contain a double carbon bond, which is shown as two lines between two carbon atoms (C=C).

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2
Q

What is the functional group in alkenes?

A

The double carbon bond (C=C) is the functional group in alkenes.

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3
Q

How are alkenes named?

A

Alkenes are named using the same system as alkanes, with the suffix “-ene” instead of “-ane”.

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4
Q

Give the name and structure of the first alkene.

A

The name and structure of the first alkene is ethene, CH2=CH2.

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5
Q

Define the term alkene?

A

An alkene is a hydrocarbon compound containing at least one carbon-carbon double bond.

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6
Q

Explain the term double bond?

A

A double bond is a covalent bond formed by sharing two pairs of electrons between atoms.

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7
Q

Explain the functional group?

A

A functional group is the specific group of atoms responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of a compound.

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8
Q

Explain what is meant by an unsaturated compound?

A

An unsaturated compound contains double or triple bonds, which can undergo addition reactions.

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9
Q

What type of reactions do alkenes undergo?

A

Alkenes undergo addition reactions, where atoms of a simple molecule add across the C=C double bond.

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9
Q

True or False?

Alkenes are less reactive than alkanes due to their double bond.

A

False.

Alkenes are more reactive than alkanes due to the presence of the carbon-carbon double bond.

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10
Q

What is the reaction between bromine and propene an example of?

A

The reaction between bromine and propene is an example of an addition reaction.

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11
Q

How does the bromine water test work?

A

Bromine water is orange. When added to an alkane, it remains orange. When added to an alkene, the bromine atoms add across the C=C bond, causing the solution to lose its colour.

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12
Q

What is the purpose of the bromine water test?

A

The bromine water test is used to distinguish between alkanes and alkenes.

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12
Q

Why do alkenes react differently from alkanes?

A

Alkenes can react in ways that alkanes cannot due to the presence of the carbon-carbon double bond, which contains an area of high electron density.

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13
Q

Explain what is meant by an addition reaction

A

A chemical reaction in which atoms or groups of atoms are added across a multiple bond, such as a carbon-carbon double bond.

14
Q

What is bromine water?

A

An orange-coloured solution of bromine dissolved in water, used to test for the presence of alkenes.

15
Q

What is a saturated compound?

A

A compound containing only single bonds, which cannot undergo addition reactions.

16
Q

What is an unsaturated compound?

A

An unsaturated compound contains double or triple bonds, which can undergo addition reactions.

17
Q

True or False?

The bromine water test can distinguish between propane and ethanol.

A

False.

The bromine water test can only distinguish between alkanes and alkenes due to their different reactivity with bromine, so it can’t distinguish between propane and ethanol.