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Chemistry > Ionic Bonding > Flashcards

Ionic Bonding Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an ion?

A

An ion is an electrically charged atom or group of atoms formed by the loss or gain of electrons.

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2
Q

True or False?

Ions form to obtain a full outer shell of electrons.

A

True.

Ions form to obtain a full outer shell of electrons.

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3
Q

Are anions positive or negative ions?

A

Anions are negative ions.

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4
Q

How are anions formed?

A

Anions are formed when atoms gain electrons.

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5
Q

Anions are formed when atoms gain electrons.

A

False.

Cations are formed by atoms losing electrons.

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6
Q

What type of ion do metals usually form?

A

Metals usually form cations / positive ions.

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7
Q

Do metals lose or gain electrons to other atoms?

A

Metals lose electrons to other atoms.

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8
Q

Why do non-metals gain electrons?

A

Non-metals gain electrons to obtain a full outer shell of electrons.

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9
Q

Give two reasons why are cations positively charged.

A

Cations are positively charged because:

They lose electrons

They have more protons than electrons

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10
Q

How many electrons does a sulfur atom gain to become a sulfide ion, S2-?

A

A sulfur atom gains 2 electrons to become a sulfide ion, S2-.

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11
Q

What is the charge of a Group 2 ion?

A

The charge of a Group 2 ion is 2+.

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12
Q

What is the formula of a lithium ion?

A

The formula of a lithium ion is Li+.

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13
Q

True or False?

Group 1 elements form 1+ ions.

A

True.

Group 1 elements form positive 1+ ions.

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14
Q

What is the formula of the sulfate ion?

A

The formula of the sulfate ion is SO42-.

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14
Q

True or False?

Aluminium and other Group 3 elements form positive 2+ ions.

A

False.

Aluminium and other Group 3 elements form positive 3+ ions.

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15
Q

What is the charge of the oxide ion?

A

The charge of the oxide ion is 2-.

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16
Q

What is the charge of a Group 7 ion?

A

The charge of a Group 7 ion is 1-.

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17
Q

True or False?

Group 7 elements form 1+ ions.

A

False.

Group 7 elements form 1- ions.

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18
Q

Which group of the Periodic Table forms 3- ions?

A

Group 5 of the Periodic Table forms 3- ions.

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18
Q

What is the formula of the carbonate ion?

A

The formula of the carbonate ion is CO32-.

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19
Q

Nitric acid is made from the hydrogen and nitrate ions.

What are the formulas of the hydrogen and nitrate ions?

A

The formulas of the hydrogen and nitrate ions are:

Hydrogen = H+

Nitrate = NO3-

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20
Q

True or False?

The formula of the ammonia ion is NH4+.

A

False.

The formula of the ammonium ion is NH4+.

21
Q

True or False?

Copper, iron and zinc can form 2+ ions.

A

True.

Copper, iron and zinc can form 2+ ions.

22
Q

True or False?

The formula for aluminium sulfate is AlSO4.

A

False.

The formula for aluminum sulfate is Al2(SO4)3.

22
Q

What are the ions in calcium chloride, CaCl2?

A

The ions in calcium chloride are Ca2+ and Cl-.

23
Q

Write the formula for the compound formed from Fe3+ and O2-.

A

The formula for the compound formed from Fe3+ and O2- is Fe2O3.

24
Q

True or False?

The formula for ammonium phosphate is (NH4)3PO4.

A

True.

The formula for ammonium phosphate is (NH4)3PO4.

25
Q

How do you balance charges for ionic compounds?

A

To balance charges for ionic compounds, multiply the ions by numbers such that the sum of charges is 0.

26
Q

What is the name of Na2CO3?

A

The name of Na2CO3 is sodium carbonate.

27
Q

True or False?

Ionic compound formulae are calculated by balancing the charges of the ions.

A

True.

Ionic compound formulae are calculated by balancing the charges of the ions.

28
Q

Give the formulas of the compounds formed from the following pairs of ions.

Ag+ and NO3-

H+ and CO32-

Zn2+ and N3-

A

The formulas of the compounds formed from the following pairs of ions are:

Ag+ and NO3- = AgNO3

H+ and CO32- = H2CO3

Zn2+ and N3- = Zn3N2

29
Q

What does the formula of an ionic compound show?

A

The formula of an ionic compound shows the ratio of the ions present in the compound, balanced by their charges.

29
Q

True or False?

Ammonium nitrate is made from NH4+ and NO3-.

A

False.

Ammonium nitrate is made from NH4+ and NO3-.

Take care with numbers of atoms and charges.

30
Q

What does a dot and cross diagram show?

A

A dot and cross diagram shows the transfer of electrons between atoms to form ions in an ionic bond.

31
Q

True or False?

Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons between atoms.

A

True.

Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons between atoms.

32
Q
A
33
Q

In the formation of sodium chloride, which atom loses an electron?

A

In the formation of sodium chloride, the sodium atom loses an electron.

34
Q

In the formation of magnesium oxide, how many electrons does the magnesium atom lose?

A

In the formation of magnesium oxide, the magnesium atom loses two electrons.

35
Q

True or False?

In dot and cross diagrams, you only need to show the outer electrons.

A

True.

In dot and cross diagrams for exam purposes, you only need to show the outer electrons.

36
Q

In the formation of an ionic compound, which atoms gain electrons?

A

In the formation of an ionic compound, non-metal atoms gain electrons.

37
Q

What is formed when an atom loses electrons?

A

When an atom loses electrons, it formed a positively charged ion / cation.

38
Q

True or False?

When an atom gains electrons, it becomes a positively charged anion.

A

False.

When an atom gains electrons, it becomes a negatively charged anion.

39
Q

What happens to a Group 7 atom when it reacts with a Group 1 atom?

A

When a Group 7 atom reacts with a Group 1 atom, the Group 7 atom: Gains one electron. Becomes negatively charged / becomes a 1- ion.

40
Q

What type of forces hold ionic compounds together?

A

Ionic compounds are held together by strong electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions.

41
Q

True or False?

Ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points.

A

True.

Ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points due to the strong electrostatic forces holding the ions together.

42
Q

What is the structure of ionic compounds called?

A

The structure of ionic compounds is called a giant ionic lattice.

43
Q

Are ionic compounds usually solid or liquid at room temperature?

A

Ionic compounds are usually solid at room temperature.

44
Q

What are electrostatic forces?

A

Electrostatic forces are the attractive (or repulsive) forces between charged particles.

45
Q

Why are ionic compounds soluble in water?

A

Ionic compounds are soluble in water because they are polar.

46
Q

In an ionic lattice, what direction do the electrostatic forces act in?

A

In an ionic lattice, electrostatic forces act in all directions.

47
Q

True or False?

Ionic compounds can conduct electricity when solid.

A

False.

Ionic compounds can conduct electricity when molten or aqueous.

48
Q

In an ionic solution, what moves to all electrical current to flow?

A

In an ionic solution, the movement of ions allows electrical current to flow.

49
Q

Describe the structure of a giant ionic lattice.

A

A giant ionic lattice is a series of positively charged and negatively charged ions arranged in an alternating pattern.

Chemistry (17 decks)

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