Re (what Is God Baby Dont Hurt Me) Flashcards
What is a priori knowledge
It is true independent of the rest of the world (rational knowledge)
What is deductive reasoning
It is when you move from general principles to a specific conclusion (this argument starts from priori knowledge)
What is inductive reasoning
It is when, you move from specific observations to a general conclusion (posteriori argument)
What does posteriori mean
It is a type of knowledge that depends of experiences to make it true
What is the cosmological argument
It is an argument for the existence of god which accepts the premise that everything has a cause
Which ends with that the universe has a cause (god being the creator of the cause) originally created by Aristotle
What is an idea that links with the cosmological argument
Cause and Effect- this ties with the idea of at starting off point the cause creating the chain that creates the effect- saying that something was the cause of everything
What is Aquila’s’ 1st way
It follows:
•everything in ‘motion’ was caused by a ‘mover’
•This chain of movers can’t go back forever
•God is the first mover
What is Aquinas’ 2nd way
•Everything that exists has a cause
•this chain of causes can’t go back forever
•there must have been a first cause
•without a first cause there can be.no subsequent effect
•God Is the first cause
What is aquinas’ third way
•Everything is contingent
•God is not
•God is necessary
•God is the only thing that is necessary
What is the Teleological (design) argument
The argument tries to explain how the universe came to be the way it is, the argument is based on posteriori knowledge
What is paleys watch
It is a design analogy which says
“You found a watch” would you say that “wow-lots of little pieces fell exactly right into place” or “someone specifically designed and made this”
What is the strengths of the design argument
•it is based on observation of things in the world
•it is based on that we are doing the observing
•the analogies used(I.e watch, stack of cards) are very easily illustrated
What are the 3 responses to the design argument
1)contingent events can have necessary properties
2)the problem of evil
3)the theory of evolution
What does “contingent events can have necessary properties” mean
An example is the idea of a raindrop creating ripples in a puddle. The ripples are contingent but appear in the puddle completely by accident
What is the problem of evil
While things such as nature and the body are amazing and useful there is still suffering meaning
•the universe was created by God
•the universe contains evil and suffering
•Evil and suffering are part of Gods deliberate design
What does the Augustinian theodicy tell us
While there is a omni(all 4)god evil and suffering can be consistent with a loving god
As evil is not a thing it is what happens when you make good absent (such as silence is not a thing it is the result of the absence of sound)
What does The Iraenian tell us
Evil is not the lack or absence of good but instead a critical component of gods creation- suffering helps us become closer to god
What does the theory of evolution tell us
•all species undergo random genetic mutations
• some changes give species a survival advantage
•only the species that can survive do survive (otherwise become extinct)
•then along comes another mutation
What is evidence that supports evolution
•Fossil records prove that animals’ physical characteristics have changed over hundreds of thousands of years
• rapid evolution has been observed in response to environmental changes (eg peppered moth)
Explain the “Kalam” form of the cosmological argument
Created by lane Craig. Made with deductive reasoning. But the argument at its core is inductive made from finite observations
What does the school boy objection say about the cosmological argument
•if all things have a cause god must have a cause
•if god has a cause, God can’t be the ultimate creator
•if all things depend on something else, God must depend on something else
Why might people have different views or ask questions on the existence of god
•religious instructions as they want to be close to what it says and understand consequences
• to undertake Pascal’s wager, to commit yourself to religion as if it does exist you receive eternal reward
•others may be question the existence of.an omni god whilst evil, suffering and disease exist
