Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Hematology > RBC Pathway And Abnormalities > Flashcards

RBC Pathway And Abnormalities Flashcards

0
Q

Effect of gender in RBC count

A

Estrogen inhibits erythropoiesis. Decrease RBC count

Androgen stimulates erythropoiesis. Increase RBC count

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Erythrocytes normal values in conventional unit

A

Male: 5.5-6.5 million/cu.mm
Female: 4.5-5.5 million/cu.mm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Decrease oxygen means?

A

Increase erythropoiesis. Increase RBC count

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Conditions with increase RBC count

A 
Polycythemia Vera
Chronic heart disease
Dehydration 
Lung disease
Acute poisoning 
Residing in a place with high altitude
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Conditions with decrease RBC count

A

Anemia
Hemorrhage
Oligocythemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Substrate for aldolase cleavage for the final product of phase 1

A

Fructose-1,6-biphosphate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Anaerobic glycolysis, non oxidative pathway

A

Embden-Meyerhof pathway

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

ATP is not used in what situation?

A

Oxygen release to tissue

Oxygen binding to heme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Product of EMP

A

2 ATP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

By product of EMP phase 1

A

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate G3P

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Necessary for the production of 2,3-BPG

A

Leubering-Rapoport Pathway

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Production of 2,3-DPG is dependent in what enzyme?

A

Phosphofructokinase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Functional dependent in G6PD

A

Hexose-monophosphate shunt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Co factor for glutathione reductase

A

NADPH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Reduced form of glutathione

A

GSH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Maintains the iron in the hemoglobin in its reduced state

A

Methemoglobin reductase pathway

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Reduced state of iron

A

Ferrous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Esterification of plasma cholesterol is controlled by what enzyme

A

Lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Converts methemoglobin to hemoglobin

A

Cytochrome b5 reductase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Protein stain

A

Coomasie blue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Proteins require this powerful detergent

A

Sodium dodecyl sulfate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Membrane proteins are named according to their selective position in?

A

SDS-PAGE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Most commonly defined abnormality appears to be a defect in spectrin

A

Hereditary elliptocytosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Disorder produced by the cholesterol overloading of the membrane

A

Acanthocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Acathocytes is associated with?

A

Abetalipoproteinemia and Mcleod syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Principal skeletal proteins

A

Alpha and beta spectrin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Cup shaped in wet preparation

A

Target cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Target cells is commonly found in?

A

Obstructive liver disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Mechanism of RBC destruction

A

Extravascular and intravascular destruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Main graveyard of RBC

A

Spleen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

RBC parameter

A

MCH

MCV

34
Q

3 phases of EMP

A

Primary investing phase
Pay-off phase
Conversion to pyruvate

35
Q

Variation in cell size

A

Anisocytosis

36
Q

Variation in cellshape

A

Poikilocytosis

37
Q

RBC size is smaller than the nucleus of lymphocytes

A

Microcytic

38
Q

RBC size is bigger than the small lymphocytes

A

Macrocytic

39
Q

Mutation in the gene for band 3 that results in increased rigidity of the membrane and resistant to the invasion by malaria

A

Southeast asian ovalocytosis

40
Q

Elliptocytes which show slit like areas pallor

A

HE with stomatocytosis

41
Q

Due to the alterations in RBC membrane-spectrin

A

Elliptocytes

42
Q

Normal MCV of RBC

A

80-100fl

43
Q

Kind of RBC destruction wherein the RBC lyses in the vessels from purely mechanical or traumatic cause

A

Intravascular hemolysis

44
Q

Variant of hereditary elliptocytosis characterized by marked poikilocytosis and heat sensitivity

A

Hereditary pyropoikilocytosis

45
Q

High prevalence of southeast asian ovalocytosis occurs in?

A

Malaysia

46
Q

RBC with irregular spicules

A

Acanthocyte

Thorn cell

47
Q

Regularly spicule surface

A

Burr cells

48
Q

Burr cells is commonly seen in?

A

Pyruvate kinase deficiency
Uremia
Cancer of the stomach
Acute blood loss

49
Q

Commonly found in obstructive liver disease where the increase surface area is due to an accumulation of cholesterol and lecithin due inhibition of plasma LCAT activity by bile salts

A

Target cells

50
Q

Defects in proteins that disrupt the vertical interactions between transmembrane protein and the underlying protein cytoskeleton

A

Hereditary spherocytosis

51
Q

Half moon, spiculated resembling two horns results from ruptured vacuole

A

Keratocytes

52
Q

Seen in myelofibrosis and myeloidmelaplasia

A

Dacryocytes

53
Q

Result from fragmentation and squeezing of cell during splenic persuasion

A

Dacryocytes

54
Q

Red cell fragments. An intrinsic abnormality of the red cell which makes it more likely to fragment

A

Schistocyte or schizocyte

55
Q

Seen in MAHA, HUS and DIC

A

Schizocyte

56
Q

Due to the polymerization of abnormal Hb-HbS

A

Sickle cells or depranocytes

57
Q

MCHC is high, less deformable, so they pile up in the spleen causing blockages

A

Spherocytes

58
Q

Elongated RBC with a slit like central pallor

A

Stomatocytes

59
Q

Stomatocytes are seen in

A 
Severe hemolytic anemia
Hereditary stomatocytosis 
Alcoholism
Rh null disease
Mediterranean stomatocytosis
60
Q

Dimpled, resembling pinched. Have two small areas of central pallor separated by a band on hemoglobin

A

Knizocytes

61
Q

Seen in polychromatophilia, lead poisoning and in impaired hemoglobin synthesis

A

Basophilic stippling

62
Q

Abnormal instability of the RNA in the young cells

A

Basophilic stippling

63
Q

Composed of nuclear ribosomes or denatured proteins

A

Cabot rings

64
Q

Caused by excess red cell membrane to the hemoglobin content of the cell

A

Target cell

65
Q

Smooth round remnants of DNA, usually single

A

Howell jolly body

66
Q

Howell jolly body is seen in

A

Megaloblastic anemia
Severe hemolytic anemia
After splenectomy

67
Q

Siderotic dranules. Iron from sideromes and mitochondria that are stained with prussian blue. Often near periphery of the cell

A

Pappenheimer bodies

68
Q

Presence indicates increase erythropoiesis

A

Reticulocytes

69
Q

Figure of eight. Or loop shaped

The rings are probably microtubules from a mitotic spindle

A

Cabot rings

70
Q

Rouleaux formation is seen in?

A

Monoclonal gammopathy

71
Q

Might appear in the blood with polychromatophilic normoblast

A

Nucleated RBC

72
Q

Large numbers of circulating RBC are seen in

A

Hemolytic disease of newborns

Thalassemia major

73
Q

Iron aggregates

A

Pappenheimer

74
Q

Clumping of red cells

A

Agglutination

75
Q

Cigar shaped or egg shaped

A

Elliptocytes

76
Q

Defective proteins disrupt the horizontal linkages in the protein cytoskeleton and weaken the mechanical stability of the membrane

A

Hereditary elliptocytosis

79
Q

Alignment of red cells upon one another. Resembling a stack of coins

A

Rouleaux formation

Hematology (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions