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Hemoglobin Flashcards

0
Q

Most functional iron in humans

A

Hemoglobin

Myoglobin

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1
Q

Respiratory pigment

A

Hemoglobin

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2
Q

Storage form of iron

A

Ferritin

Hemosiderin

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3
Q

Iron that is incorporated into hemoglobin molecules

A

Heme

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4
Q

Reduced form of iron

A

Ferrous

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5
Q

Best time to take iron supplements

A

Early morning

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6
Q

Transport protein for iron

A

Transferrin

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7
Q

Main component of RBC

A

Hemoglobin

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8
Q

In 1RBC, what is the concentration of hemoglobin?

A

34g/dL

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9
Q

1g of Hb contains (iron)

A

3.47mg

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10
Q

Other term for heme

A

Protoporphyrin IX

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11
Q

Composition of heme

A

Carbon
Hydrogen
Nitrogen
With ferrous

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12
Q

Has four polypeptide chains and each chain is attached to 1heme group

A

Globin

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13
Q

Globin comprises how many amino acids?

A

141-146

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14
Q

Heme synthesis occurs in? In what stage?

A

Bone marrow

From Pronormoblast to reticulocyte

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15
Q

By products of heme synthesis

A 
Delta aminolevulinic acid
Porphobilinogen
Uroporphyrinogen III
Coproporphyrinogen III
Protoporphyrinogen IX
Protoporphyrin IX
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16
Q

Chromosome 16

A

Alpha and zeta

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17
Q

Chromosome 11

A

Beta, delta, gamma, epsilon

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18
Q

Production of globin chains take place in what stage

A

Pronormoblast to reticulocyte

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19
Q

Beta globin mRNA is translated more efficiently than?

A

Alpha globin mRNA

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20
Q

Oxygenated hemoglobin

A

Oxyhemoglobin

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21
Q

Oxyhemoglobin color? Seen in?

A

Arterial blood-bright red

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22
Q

Gower I

A

Zeta and epsilon

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23
Q

Portland

A

Zeta and gamma

24
Q

Gower II

A

Alpha and epsilon

25
Q

HbA

A

95% two alpha and two beta

26
Q

HbA2

A

3-5% two alpha and two delta

27
Q

HbF

A

1-2% two alpha and two gamma

28
Q

HbF present in few RBC are called?

29
Q

Formed by post synthetic, nonenzymatic reactions of various sugars with amino groups of the globin chain

30
Q

Normal adult hemoglobin

A

HbA
HbA2
HbF

31
Q

Reference range

A

Male=14-18g/dL
Female=12-15g/dL
Newborn =16.5-21.5g/dL

32
Q

Deoxygenated hemoglobin color? Seen in?

A

Venous blood-dark red

33
Q

Hemoglobin with Carbon monoxide

A

Carboxyhemoglobin

34
Q

Carboxyhemoglobin color?

A

Cherry red in blood and skin

35
Q

Hemoglobin contains iron in the ferric state

A

Methemoglobin

36
Q

Exposure to oxidizing agent will result to production of?

A

Methemoglobin

37
Q

Characteristic of methemoglobin in the blood

A

Chocolate brown color

38
Q

Treatment of methemoglobin

A

Administration of ascorbic acid or methylene blue

39
Q

Formed by the irreversible oxidation of Hb by certain drugs and chemical

A

Sulfhemoglobin

40
Q

In vitro Sulfhemoglobin gives?

A

Greenish pigment

41
Q

A key rate limiting step in heme synthesis is suppression of

A

Aminolevulinate synthase

42
Q

Ferric oxidation product of heme

43
Q

Amount of oxygen needed to saturate 50% of hemoglobin

44
Q

Curve

45
Q

How many oxygen is bound by each gram of hemoglobin

46
Q

Shifts of the curve to the left or right occur if there are changes in the pH of the blood

A

Bohr effect

47
Q

Normal PO2

48
Q

Shifts to the left

A

Higher oxygen affinity

Lower release of oxygen

49
Q

Shift to the right

A

Lower oxygen affinity

Higher release of oxygen

50
Q

Its oxygen affinity is 240times and 10000 times slower oxygen release

A

Carboxyhemoglobin

51
Q

Increase 2,3-BPG

A

Shift to the right.

Decrease oxygen affinity

52
Q

Lower pH or increase in Hydrogen concentration

A

Shift to the right

Decrease oxygen affinity

53
Q

Decrease PCO2

A

Shift to the left

Increase oxygen affinity

54
Q

Increase in temperature

A

Shift to the right

Decrease oxygen affinity

55
Q

Presence of methemoglobin and Sulfhemoglobin

A

Shift to the left

Increase oxygen affinity

56
Q

Amount of oxygen in 1g of hemoglobin

57
Q

Amount of oxygen in 1g of hemoglobin

Hematology (7 decks)

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