rates and equilibrium Flashcards
what does increasing pressure do
increasing pressure increases the rate this us because there are more molecules per unit volume
le chateliers principle
the position of dynamic equilibrium shifts to minimise the effect of any change.
ethanol via yeast
c6H12o6—->2C2H5OH
between 20-45 degrees celcius
anaerobic
catalytic convertor N and co
2NO+2CO—>2CO2+N2
increasing temp and pressure and removing catalyst effect on equilibrium
As temperture rises the position of equilibrium moves to minimise the effect of temperature by absorbing energy
as pressure rises equilibrium moves to minimise pressure increase by reducing pressure and making fewer gas molecules.
as temp rises the position of equilibrium shifts to..
as pressure rises the position of equilibrium shifts to..
reverse reaction is…
REMOVING CATALYST DOESNT CHANGE POSITION OF EQUILIBRIUM
stages that take place in a catalytic converter
reactant is adsorbed
bonds weaken in reactants
chemical reaction
desorption
why industrial processes use catalysts
enable reactions to occur with less waste
enable reactions to happen with less toxic solvents
reactions can happen at a lower temperature
reduces co2 emisions
ammonia
uses high pressure low temp
200atm 450 degrees
N2+3H2=2NH3
what happens to pressure as the system is allowed to reach equilibrium
it decreases as it moves from more moles to less moles.
what affects kc
only temperature
if temperature change causes equilibrium to shift to the right kc increases
if temperature change causes equilibrium to shift to the left kc decreases
Use collision theory to explain the changes in the rate of the reaction as it proceeds.
as the reaction proceeds the concentration decreases
rate of collision decreases
reaction stops when all of the reactant is used up
ethanol from ethene and steam
c2h4+h20=c2h5oh
300 degrees phosphoric acid catalyst 60-70 atm
why can this expression be used to calculate kc
as the volume cancels
moles are the same
