periodic table

Question 1

drop in between group 2 and 3

Answer 1

due to sub shell structure
outer electron in group 3 is in a p orbital
tjis has a slightly higher energy than an s orbital
electron further from nucleus so lower energy

Question 2

drop between 5 and 6

Answer 2

due to p orbital repulsion
electron is being removed from a singly occupied orbital in group 5
in group 6 its being removed from an orbital containing 2 electrons the repulsion between them is greater so theyre easier to remove

Question 3

whys the second ionistaion energy of lower

Answer 3

as shielding is smaller/less electron repulsion