Rashes Flashcards

1
Q
  • Diffuse, red, small, papular, goose-like sandpaper rash
  • Blanchable
  • Pastia’s lines (reddened axillary skin creases)
  • Circumoral pallor (ring of paleness around mouth)
  • Strawberry tongue (red, bumpy tongue)
  • Eventually desquamates
A

Group A Strep - Scarlet Fever

(Scarlatiform Rash)

  • Fever, sore throat, HA, LAD, sandpaper rash
  • 5-15yo
  • 2/2 exotoxins A-C
  • GAS = Strep pyogenes
  • Long-term sequelae:
    • PSGN
    • Rheumatic heart disease
    • Arthritis
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2
Q

Erythema Infectiosum

A

Parvovirus B19 “slapped cheeks” rash

(Children)

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3
Q

Erythema Migrans

A

Early Lyme disease target rash

  • Can appear anywhere between 1-30d after tick bite
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4
Q

Erythema Multiforme

A

HSV or Drugs

(IgM complexes)

  • If HSV: pruritic & painful
  • If Drugs: EM → SJS → TEN
    • Think multiforme = “multiple forms” → Final boss w/ many forms is the biggest and baddest of the “erythemas”
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5
Q

Erythema Nodosum

A

Inflammation of the fat cells under the pretibial skin

(Panniculitis = adipose cell layer inflammation)

  • Strep (children), Sarcoidosis, TB, IBD, Behçet disease, NHL, Sulfa drugs, OCPs
  • Self-limited–resolves within a few weeks
  • W/u:
    • CXR - Sarcoidosis, TB
    • Anti-streptolysin-O titer - Strep infection
    • VDRL - Syphilis
    • CBC, ESR
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6
Q

Erythema Toxicum

A

Extremely common neonatal rash

(Benign; ~50% of term neonates)

  • Appears @ 2-5d
  • Resolves within first 2 weeks of life
  • Small papular lesions each on a separate reddened base
  • Thought to be due to immune activation
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7
Q
A
  • Pemphigus Vulgaris
  • TEN (Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis)
  • SSSS (Staphylococcal Scalded Shock Syndrome)
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8
Q
A

Erythema Multiforme

  • HSV or Drugs
  • EM → SJS → TEN
  • Multiforme = final boss has multiple forms = bad
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9
Q
A

Impetigo

(Strep school sores)

  • Highly contagious skin infection which causes sores and blisters
  • Very common, affects mainly children
  • Two types:
    • Bullous impetigo: Large, painless, fluid-filled blisters
    • Non-bullous impetigo: More contagious; sores quickly rupture (burst) and leave a yellow-brown crust
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10
Q
A

A. Scarlet Fever

(GAS - Strep pyogenes)

Key Associations:

  • Sandpaper
  • Strawberry tongue
  • Perioral pallor
  • Pastia’s lines
  • Blanchable
  • Desquamation
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11
Q
A

D. Infectious Mononucleosis

(EBV)

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12
Q
A

D. Kawasaki Disease

(Post-viral mucocutaneous LN syndrome)

CRASH & Burn:

  • Conjunctivitis (BL, nonexudative)
  • Rash (desquamating or other)
  • Anterior Cervical LAD (>1.5cm, UL)
  • Strawberry tongue or lip mucositis
  • Hand/foot edema +/- erythema
  • Fever _>_5d
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13
Q
A

B. Rubella

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14
Q
A

Livedo Reticularis

  • Reticular, lacy skin discoloration/erythema that blanches on pressure
  • Causes:
    • Cholesterol Embolism (+ blue toe syndrome, +post-cardiac cath)
    • Amantadine side-effect (Parkinson drug; +ankle edema)
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15
Q
A

Tuberous Sclerosis

(Hypopigmented macule)

  • Occur in 80% of infants with Tuberous Sclerosis by 1 year of life
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