Rashes Flashcards
1
Q
- Diffuse, red, small, papular, goose-like sandpaper rash
- Blanchable
- Pastia’s lines (reddened axillary skin creases)
- Circumoral pallor (ring of paleness around mouth)
- Strawberry tongue (red, bumpy tongue)
- Eventually desquamates
A
Group A Strep - Scarlet Fever
(Scarlatiform Rash)
- Fever, sore throat, HA, LAD, sandpaper rash
- 5-15yo
- 2/2 exotoxins A-C
- GAS = Strep pyogenes
- Long-term sequelae:
- PSGN
- Rheumatic heart disease
- Arthritis
2
Q
Erythema Infectiosum
A
Parvovirus B19 “slapped cheeks” rash
(Children)
3
Q
Erythema Migrans
A
Early Lyme disease target rash
- Can appear anywhere between 1-30d after tick bite
4
Q
Erythema Multiforme
A
HSV or Drugs
(IgM complexes)
- If HSV: pruritic & painful
- If Drugs: EM → SJS → TEN
- Think multiforme = “multiple forms” → Final boss w/ many forms is the biggest and baddest of the “erythemas”
5
Q
Erythema Nodosum
A
Inflammation of the fat cells under the pretibial skin
(Panniculitis = adipose cell layer inflammation)
- Strep (children), Sarcoidosis, TB, IBD, Behçet disease, NHL, Sulfa drugs, OCPs
- Self-limited–resolves within a few weeks
- W/u:
- CXR - Sarcoidosis, TB
- Anti-streptolysin-O titer - Strep infection
- VDRL - Syphilis
- CBC, ESR
6
Q
Erythema Toxicum
A
Extremely common neonatal rash
(Benign; ~50% of term neonates)
- Appears @ 2-5d
- Resolves within first 2 weeks of life
- Small papular lesions each on a separate reddened base
- Thought to be due to immune activation
7
Q
A
- Pemphigus Vulgaris
- TEN (Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis)
- SSSS (Staphylococcal Scalded Shock Syndrome)
8
Q
A
Erythema Multiforme
- HSV or Drugs
- EM → SJS → TEN
- Multiforme = final boss has multiple forms = bad
9
Q
A
Impetigo
(Strep school sores)
- Highly contagious skin infection which causes sores and blisters
- Very common, affects mainly children
- Two types:
- Bullous impetigo: Large, painless, fluid-filled blisters
- Non-bullous impetigo: More contagious; sores quickly rupture (burst) and leave a yellow-brown crust
10
Q
A
A. Scarlet Fever
(GAS - Strep pyogenes)
Key Associations:
- Sandpaper
- Strawberry tongue
- Perioral pallor
- Pastia’s lines
- Blanchable
- Desquamation
11
Q
A
D. Infectious Mononucleosis
(EBV)
12
Q
A
D. Kawasaki Disease
(Post-viral mucocutaneous LN syndrome)
CRASH & Burn:
- Conjunctivitis (BL, nonexudative)
- Rash (desquamating or other)
- Anterior Cervical LAD (>1.5cm, UL)
- Strawberry tongue or lip mucositis
- Hand/foot edema +/- erythema
- Fever _>_5d
13
Q
A
B. Rubella
14
Q
A
Livedo Reticularis
- Reticular, lacy skin discoloration/erythema that blanches on pressure
- Causes:
- Cholesterol Embolism (+ blue toe syndrome, +post-cardiac cath)
- Amantadine side-effect (Parkinson drug; +ankle edema)
15
Q
A
Tuberous Sclerosis
(Hypopigmented macule)
- Occur in 80% of infants with Tuberous Sclerosis by 1 year of life