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- Med School Review 🔥 > Etc > Flashcards

Etc Flashcards

1
Q

No Pee, No See, No Spit, No Shit + Tachycardia

Toxicity?

A

Anticholinergic Toxicity

  • +Cutaneous vasodilation (red as a beet)
  • +mad as a hatter (delirium)
  • e.g. Diphenhydramine poisoning
  • Tx: Physostigmine (cholinesterase inhibitor)
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2
Q

Tinnitus, N/V, Fever

Toxicity?

A

Salicylate Intoxication

  • +AMS
  • +Metabolic acidosis & Respiratory Alkalosis
  • Tx: Sodium bicarbonate (alkalinization of urine)
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3
Q

House fire victim has this toxicity concern from combustion in closed spaces

A

Hydrogen Cyanide and Carbon Monoxide (CO)

  • Cyanide poisoning Tx: Sodium Thiosulfate or hydroxocobalamin (B12) or Nitrites
  • CO Poisoning Tx: 100% O2 or hyperbaric O2
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4
Q

Cyanide Poisoning. Tx?

A
  • Sodium Thiosulfate
  • Hydroxocobalamin (B12)
  • Nitrites (to induce methemoglobinemia thru Fe3+ conversion, causing left shift)
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5
Q

Causes methemoglobinemia

A

Dapsone, Nitrates, Topical/local anesthetics

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6
Q

Lacrimation, bradycardia, miosis (constriction), salivation, diarrhea. Dx & Tx?

A

Organophosphate Poisoning

Tx: Atropine

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7
Q

Horizontal nystagmus, cerebellar ataxia, confusion. Toxicity?

A

Phenytoin toxicity

Tx: Supportive care

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8
Q

Acidosis + vision loss/blindness. Toxicity?

A

Methanol Poisoning

  • Vision loss 2/2 optic disc hyperemia
  • AGMA
  • Tx: Supportive care
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9
Q

Pinkish-red skin hue or cherry lips

A

CO poisoning

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10
Q

Acetaminophen OD

A
  • Activated charcoal (if <4 hrs)
  • N-acetylcysteine
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11
Q

Caustic poisoning

A
  • Necrosis, edema, scarring, and severe pain of GI tract
  • Severe esophageal & stomach ulcerations
  • Peritonitis, mediastinitis (if severe)
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12
Q

Garlic breath

A

Arsenic poisoning

  • +Vomiting
  • +Watery diarrhea
  • +QTc prolongation
  • +Hypo/hyperpigmentation
  • +Hyperkeratosis
  • +Stocking glove neuropathy
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13
Q

MJ intoxication effect on HR, RR, BP

A

Increased

(Tachycardia, Tachypnea, Hypertension)

  • +Dry mouth
  • +Conjunctival injection
  • +Increased appetite
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14
Q

Opiate abuse/withdrawal Tx:

A

MSNBC

  • Methadone
  • Suboxone/Subutex
  • Naloxone/Naltrexone: partial agonist & antagonist respectively
  • Buprenorphine (partial agonist)
  • Clonidine
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15
Q

Alcohol Abuse Tx:

A

NAAT:

  • Naltrexone (antagonist)
  • Acamprosate
  • Antabuse (disulfiram)
  • Topiramate (anticonvulsant)
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16
Q

Ethylene Glycol poisoning Tx

A

Fomepizole or Ethanol

(to inhibit alcohol dehydrogenase)

  • Presentation: Hypocalcemia, Calcium oxalate deposition
17
Q

Hypotension + Dilated pupils + QRS Prolongation. Toxicity?

A

TCA Overdose

Tx: Sodium bicarbonate

(treats cardiotoxicity affecting myocyte sodium channels)

18
Q

Aspirin + asthma

A

ASA-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD)

ASA and ß-blockers can trigger bronchoconstriction in asthmatics, especially those with chronic rhinositis and/or nasal polyps

19
Q

Systolic-diastolic abdominal bruit

A

Renal Artery Stenosis

(RAS)

Bruit is 2/2 renovascular HTN

  • +Resistant HTN (_>_3 drugs)
  • +Severe HTN (>180/120)
  • +Malignant HTN (end-organ damage)
  • +Diffuse atherosclerosis
20
Q

Whenever we want to treat HTN in conjunction with DM, ____ are the best Rx option because they are ____.

A

ACE-I; rebal protective

21
Q

Type of IVF preferred for volume resuscitation of burn victims

A

Lactated Ringer solution (LR)

  • Isotonic crystalloid solution that is a balanced fluid w/ near-physiologic levels of chloride, potassium, and calcium, including sodium lactate, a buffer that is hepatically metabolized to bicarbonate, which helps correct acidosis and maintain normal blood pH
  • Normal Saline (0.9% Saline) is considered an unbalanced fluid bc its chloride concentration is supraphysiologic (154 vs 103 mmol/L) and can cause a hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis; has also been a/w hypocoagulability
  • Half-Normal Saline (0.45% Saline) is used as a maintenance fluid and should be infused slowly because it is hypotonic (lower osmolality than blood).
22
Q

Type of IVF preferred for volume resuscitation of burn victims

A

Lactated Ringer solution (LR)

  • Isotonic crystalloid solution that is a balanced fluid w/ near-physiologic levels of chloride, potassium, and calcium, including sodium lactate, a buffer that is hepatically metabolized to bicarbonate, which helps correct acidosis and maintain normal blood pH
  • Normal Saline (0.9% Saline) is considered an unbalanced fluid bc its chloride concentration is supraphysiologic (154 vs 103 mmol/L) and can cause a hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis; has also been a/w hypocoagulability
  • Half-Normal Saline (0.45% Saline) is used as a maintenance fluid and should be infused slowly because it is hypotonic (lower osmolality than blood).

- Med School Review 🔥 (23 decks)

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