Rapidfire 3 Flashcards
decerebrate
midbrain is lesioned, arms extended
decorticate
red nucleus is intact, arms flex (bring to core)
medullary lesions
no eye findings, have abnormal gags
dilated unilateral pupil
usually compression of III, herniation (uncal)
cheyne-stokes breathing (location)
bilateral hemispheres or bilateral thalami
ataxic breathing or apnea
lesion in medulla
hyperventilation
lesion in the midbrain
MCA stroke symptoms
face and arm weakness greater than leg weakness
ACA stroke symptoms
damage to leg homunculus- leg weakness
ipsilateral gaze deviation, intact VOR
PCA stroke symptoms
visual loss on opposite side
alexia without agraphia (problems reading, intact writing)
L MCA stroke symptom
aphasia
R MCA stroke symptoms
neglect, spatial disorientation, homonymous hemianopsia
basilar artery supplies
pons and midbrain
vertebral arteries supply the
medulla
subdural hematoma
crosses suture lines
venous bleed, very slow
epidural hematoma
usually due to trauma
middle meningieal arteries
fixed dilated pupil, contralateral weakness
uncal herniation
weakness in contralateral leg
subfalcine herniation
central herniation symptoms
pushes on brainstem, loss of consciousness and death
tonsilar herniation symptoms
affects medulla, results in breathing problems
intraparenchymal hemorrhage
focal symptoms
VERY high BP and loss of consciousness
usually occurs deep in the brain
AVM features
not super high BP, closer to the skull, abnormal vascular lesion
amyloid angiopathy
micro bleeds + a more focal bleed
vascular cause
thunderclap headache, non-focal symptoms
subarachnoid hemorrhage until proven otherwise
dull headache, hypercoagulable state
venous sinus thrombosis
