Random_3 Flashcards
How to confirm intrapancreatic ectopic splenic tissue?
Denatured RBC scan
Malignant degeneration of dermoid cyst
2%
SCC most common
How to differentiate
pulmonary hypertension
from
shunt vascularity
- pulmonary arterial hypertension - vascularity does not go beyond 2/3 into the periphery; pruning
- shunt - shunt vascularity; no pruning
Most common septal defect in Down Syndrome?
AVSD
endocardial cushion defect
goose neck appearance
Types of dural AVF
- Arterial supply from ICA - pial supply
- Arterial supply from ECA, e.g., - occipital artery
- drains directly into the dural venous sinus
What to suspect in a young patient presenting with acute intracranial hemorrhage (ICH)?
AVM
Orbital trauma with wooden foreign body
- For orbital trauma, CT is the first-line modality for imaging evaluation, and it can be helpful to evaluate for the presence of intra-orbital foreign bodies.
- A wood foreign body can be difficult to differentiate from subcutaneous gas and fracture fragments.
- The appearance of wood on CT depends on its hydration;
- Dry pine (dead or cut) is less dense - can look like air density
- While fresh pine is more dense, depending on the degree of air and water content
- Dry wood can be distinguished from air by a reticulated matrix.
DDx for unilateral sacroilitis
- Infection/septic joint***
- OA
- gout
- psoriasis
Synovial sarcoma
- 4th most common sarcoma
- young patients
- close to the knee
- T2 - triple sign - low/intermediate/high signal intensity
- “bunch of grapes” sign
- fluid-fluid level due to internal hemorrhage
Well-corticated juxta-articular erosions
- PVNS
- synovial osteochondromatosis
- gout
- amyloid (also low signal intensity on MR, but not as low as PVNS)
Lesser trochanter avulsion fracture
- always pathologic fracture
- unless HIGH speed MVC
Natural plain film stages of AVN
- sclerosis (relative to normal bone density, whch would be decreased to due to bone resportion secondary hyperemia)
- subchodnral lucency
- collapse
- fragmentation
- end-stage degenerative changes
Important places to look for acute fractures in a foot x-ray
- calcaneus
- anterior process
- posterior tuberosity
- talus
- lateral process
- metatarsals
- base of the 5th MT
Branches of the RCA
- Conus branch
- SA node branch
- Acute marginal branch(s)
- PDA
- posteral lateral branch
What % is considered significant stenosis in coronary arteries?
- Left main > 50% is significant
- Reminder > 75%
senescent changes
senescent changes
Bennett fracture
vs
Rolando fracture
- Bennett - intraarticular fracture of the 1st MC (thumb)
- always associated with subluxation/dislocation of the 1st MC relative to carpal bones
- Rolando - comminuted Bennett fracture
Carcinoid tumors
Can cause intussusception
Upstream bowel will be abnormal-looking due to the intussusception
Achalasia
Mechanium and Causes
- Achalasia - esophageal motility disorder (dismotility)
- absent primary peristalsis
- incomplete relaxation of the LES
- Causes
- Primary - idiopathic - most common*
- loss of normal ganglion cells in the esophageal myenteric plexuses
- Secondary
- malignant tumor at the GE junction
- Chagas’ disease
- Primary - idiopathic - most common*
Median arcuate ligament syndrome
- Diaphgramatic cura compressing the celiac axis
- Breathing in - Okay
- Breathing out - Crux angulation compresses
AS with transverse fracture through the ankylosed spine
Can act like “pseudoarthrosis”
Most common manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis in the chest
Pleural effusions
Complete occlusion of the distal aorta
and proximal iliac arteries
Leriche syndrome
- triad
- absent femoral pulse
- claudication
- impotence
- atrophy/trophic changes
- collaterals
- sup-inf epigastric arteries
- iliolumbar arteries
- paraspinal arteries
Lemierre’s disease
Fusobacterium necrophorum






