Random_21 Flashcards
paraesophageal hiatal hernia
Barium SMA Syndrome
Distended stomach, first and second part of duodenum with only small amount of contrast passed through the rest of the duodenum and proximal jejunum suggestive of obstruction at level of second part of duodenum.
Always look for “pleural transgression” in cases of
percutaenous transhepatic cholangiogram / PTC
Always look for “pleural transgression” in cases of
percutaenous transhepatic cholangiogram / PTC
Isolated mesenteric abscess…?
IBD related probably
Non-visualization of a unilateral kidney on IVP…?
First rule out an ectopic kidney,
Then, Think about the “tubes”
- arterial/vein blockage
- such as renal vascular pedicle injury
- renal vein thrombosis
- ureter
- high grade obstruction
how do you diagnose NASH?
from garden variety fatty liver?
liver biopsy
grading of vesicoureteric reflux
grading of vesicoureteric reflux
- reflux to ureter
- reflux to renal pelvis
- mild pelvocaliectasis
- moderate pelvocaliectasis
- tortuous ureter
- mild blunting of fornices
- preservation of papillary impressions
- severe pelvocaliectasis
- very tortous ureter
- loss of fornices and papillary impression
Cross-fused renal ectopia
- Ectopic kidneys will have orthotopic ureters that insert into the trigone in a normal anatomic configuration
- but will often have aberrant/duplicated vasculature, as well as a persistent anterior orientation of the renal pelvis; both are important surgical considerations.
- Renal ectopia is associated with increased risk of multiple problems, including vesicoureteral reflux, renal injury in cases of trauma, iatrogenic injury, nephrolithiasis, and upper-tract infections.
- The most common urological abnormality seen in symptomatic patients is vesicoureteral reflux, which can result in scarring and permanent loss of renal function when not identified and treated appropriately.
Cross-fused renal ectopia
Ectopic kidneys will have orthotopic ureters that insert into the trigone in a normal anatomic configuration
but will often have aberrant/duplicated vasculature, as well as a persistent anterior orientation of the renal pelvis; both are important surgical considerations.
Renal ectopia is associated with increased risk of multiple problems, including vesicoureteral reflux, renal injury in cases of trauma, iatrogenic injury, nephrolithiasis, and upper-tract infections.
The most common urological abnormality seen in symptomatic patients is vesicoureteral reflux, which can result in scarring and permanent loss of renal function when not identified and treated appropriately.
Diastasis recti abdominis
gap > 2.5 cm
with valsalva
diaphragmatic peak
diaphgram peak
- elevated diaphgram - it should always peak centrally
- laterally peaked diaphgram = subpulmonic effusion
- medially peaked diaphgram = combined RML and RLL collapse
winking owl sign
non-visualization of a pedicle
DDX
winking owl sign
DDx for non-visualization of a pedicle
- metastasis/multiple myeloma
- primary bone tumor - lymphoma, ABC
- infection - TB, etc
- congenital absence of pedicle
- will see hypertrophy of the contralateral pedicle
unilateral dense pedicle DDx
DDx for unilateral dense pedicle
- spondylolysis with sclerotic bone reaction
- metastasis - osteoblastic mets
- primary bone tumors - osteoid osteoma, osteoblastoma
- compensatory - contralateral laminectomy, contralateral congenital absence of pedicle
- infection - TB
- tuberous sclerosis - posterior elements of the spine
- paget’s
- fibrous dysplasia
- sarcoidosis
Osetitis condensans ilii
- only on the iliac side - a bone process
- SI joint space is preserved!
arium image shows multiple areas of lucency within the colon wall, features indicative of extensive pneumatosis cystoides coli.
pseudosacculation of the small bowel
- on the anti-mesenteric border
- scleroderma
- IBD
automatic…
“painful scoliosis”
osteoid osteoma
Gymnast wrist
- Gymnast wrist is defined as chronic stress fracture of radial epiphyseal plate.
- Most commonly seen in young individuals involving gymnastics.
- It is considered a Salter Harris type I injury.
- Imaging
- physeal plate irregularity
- physeal plate widening
- cystic changes in the physeal plate
- adjacent bone fragmentation may be associated.
DDx for multiple small hypoechoic testicular masses
DDx for multiple, small, hypoechoic testicular masses
- lymphoma / leukemia
- metastases
- sarcoid
- infection
perilunate TRANSCAPHOID fracture-dislocation
perilunate TRANSCAPHOID fracture-dislocation
regular sex makes occasional perveratio much more pleasurable and fantastic!
Mastocytosis
Myelofibrosis
Pyknodysostosis
When looking at patients with Crohn’s xray
Always look for AVN!!!
normal yolk sac size?
normal yolk sac should be < 6mm
gestationAL age
gestationAL sac
gestationAL age
gestationAL sac
5 US findings of fatty liver?
5 US findings of fatty liver
- increased echogenicity/heterogeneous echotexture
- much more echogenic than the kidney
- decreased penetration
- diaphragm is no longer sharp
- decreased differentiation b/t liver parenchyma and portal triad
- geographic distribution
- rapid change in liver echotexture in short time
Best US clue/view for fatty liver
Best shot is with liver and right kideny in view
Kidney is the best internal comparison for fatty liver
Liver is much echogenic than the kidney on that view
Beware that hemangiomas can be hypoechoic in background of fatty liver
Beware that hemangiomas can be hypoechoic in background of fatty liver
What is TRUFI good for?
TRUFI
- T2/T1 contrast
- fast aquisition
- good ege enhancement for picking up pathology
- can be used as pseudo-angiogram as vessels are bright
literally
vs
figuratively
literally
vs
figuratively
