Random_20 Flashcards
Good saying… From REW
“MRI of the left knee demonstrates tricompartmental osteoarthritis, severe in the medial tibiofemoral and patellofemoral compartments, with early lateral tibiofemoral compartment arthritis. “
Good saying… From REW
“MRI of the left knee demonstrates tricompartmental osteoarthritis, severe in the medial tibiofemoral and patellofemoral compartments, with early lateral tibiofemoral compartment arthritis. “
Good saying… from REW:
Suspected chronic full-thickness radial tear of the posterior horn of the medial meniscus extending to the root insertion, with medial meniscal degeneration and extrusion. Although a tear such as this can predispose to medial compartment osteoarthritis secondary to meniscal dysfunction from disruption of the longitudinally orientated fibers responsible for meniscal “hoop strength”, maceration and tearing of the medial meniscus is not unexpected given the severity of the osteoarthritis.
Good saying… from REW:
Suspected chronic full-thickness radial tear of the posterior horn of the medial meniscus extending to the root insertion, with medial meniscal degeneration and extrusion. Although a tear such as this can predispose to medial compartment osteoarthritis secondary to meniscal dysfunction from disruption of the longitudinally orientated fibers responsible for meniscal “hoop strength”, maceration and tearing of the medial meniscus is not unexpected given the severity of the osteoarthritis.
“A smaller triangular shaped segmental fragment”
“A smaller triangular shaped segmental fragment”
Knee Joint Effusion…
Knee Joint Effusion…
- behind the quadriceps tendon, b/t 2 fat planes
- if the soft tissue/fluid density measures < 5mm, no significant joint effusion
- if > 5mm, + joint effusion
- if > 10mm, large joint effusion
Typical appearance of DCIS
Typical appearance of DCIS
- Mammo: fine, linear branching pattern; in a linear or segmental distribution
- U/S: nonspecific; may see hypoechoic region +/- calcs
- MR: non-masslike, linear or segmental enhancement
Normal upper limits for plantar fascia thickness?
Normal upper limits for plantar fascia thickness?
5mm!!!
DDx for intraventricular masses
Primary tumors:
- Ependymomas: Fourth ventricle
- Central neurocytoma: Lateral ventricle
- Subependymoma: Frontal horn or fourth
- Ventricle
Intraventricular meningiomas: Left atrium
- Choroid plexus papilloma
- Child: Left atrium
- Adult: Fourth ventricle
Metatastasis:
- Most common are renal and lung carcinoma.
- Lymphoma
Infection: Tuberculoma and neurocysticercosis
Supralateral hoffa’s fat pad impingement syndrome is associated with
patella alta
Supralateral hoffa’s fat pad impingement syndrome is associated with
patella alta
Finding of hemophilia in the knee
- hyperdense knee effusion - hemorrhage and/or hemosiderin
- widened intercondylar notch
- squared inferior margin of the patella
- bulbous femoral condyles
- flattened condylar surfaces
Findings of hemophilia in the elbow
- hyperdense elbow joint effusion
- radial head overgrowth
- widening of trochlear notch
Lateral discoid meniscus >>> medial meniscus
Cartwheel
A cartwheel is a sideways rotary movement of the body. It is performed by bringing the hands to the floor one at a time while the body inverts. When both hands are on the floor, the legs travel over the body and feet return to the floor one at a time, ending with the performer standing upright.
Causes of anterior compression of the cord at the cervicomedullary junction?
- synovial cyst
- rheumatoid pannus
- epidural abscess/hematoma
- clival tumor
- vertebral artery dolichoectasia
Causes of anterior compression of the cord at the cervicomedullary junction?
- synovial cyst
- rheumatoid pannus
- epidural abscess/hematoma
- clival tumor
- vertebral artery dolichoectasia
normal volar tilt of radius
0-22 degrees
Sinus of valsalva aneurysm
- M:F= 4:1
- associated with ventricular septal defects, aortic insufficiency, and bicuspid aortic valve
- congenital form - most often involving the right coronary sinus
- secondary form - most often involving the left coronary sinus (endocarditis, trauma, syphilis, TB)
- complications
- right coronary sinus - rupture into RV - aortocardiac shunt
- left - rupture into the RA
- other - heart block, aortic regurg, MI, etc
Rhizotomy
A rhizotomy (/raɪˈzɒtɵmi/ ry-ZOT-ə-mee) is a term chiefly referring to a neurosurgical procedure that selectively destroys problematic nerve roots in the spinal cord, most often to relieve the symptoms of neuromuscular conditions such as spastic diplegia and other forms of spastic cerebral palsy.
Segments of the ICA
- cervical
- petrous
- caroticotympanic artery
- vidian artery
- lacerum
- cavernous
- meningohypophyseal artery
- inferolateral artery
- clinoid
- ophthalmic
- ophthalmic artery
- superior hypophyseal artery
- communicating
- posterior communicating artery
- anterior choroidal artery
- ACA
- MCA
What to do with a trauma cervical spine when:
- there is a lot of degenerative changes
- no acute fracture?
Suggest MR cervical spine if there is cervical myelopathy
How do you tell the difference b/t medial vs lateral femoral condyle
on a lateral xray of the knee???
Lateral femoral condyle’s sulcus terminalis involves the weight bearing area
Medial femoral condyle’s sulcus terminalis is usually more anterior
If there is absolutely no residual ACL fiber remaining
It is likely a CHRONIC ACL tear
Elbow ligament and tendon insertion/attachment sites
- biceps
- brachialis
- lateral collateral ligament
- annular ligament
- lateral ulnar collateral ligament
- ulnar collateral ligament
Elbow ligament/tendon insertion/attachment sites
- biceps - radial tuberosity
- brachialis - coronoid process of ulna
- lateral collateral ligament - lateral radial head
- annular ligament - volar and dorsal aspects of the sigmoid notch of the ulna
- lateral ulnar collateral ligament - supinator crest of the ulna
- ulnar collateral ligament - sublime tubercle of ulna (medial aspect of the coronoid process)
most common histologic type of RCC
clear cell RCC is most common
80%
Timing of …
- corticomedullary phase
- nephrographic phase
- delayed phase
Timing of …
- corticomedullary phase
- 70 sec
- corticomedullary phase of the kidneys = portal venous phase
- nephrographic phase
- 100-120 sec
- delayed phase
- > 5 min
What size criteria of RCC changes management / staging?
- < 3cm, can be done with RFA or cryo
- < 7cm, stage 1
- > 7cm, stage 2








