Random stuff for final

Question 1

Types of pneumonias

Answer 1

• Bronchopneumonias
• Interstitial
• granulomatous
• embolic-metastatic
• aspiration
• special

Question 2

Types of bronchopneumonias

Answer 2

• serous
• desquamative
• catarrhal
• suppurative
• fibrinous (croupous)

Question 3

Typical septicemia lesions

Answer 3

1. hemorrhages
2. serositis, serofibrinous exudate
3. fibrinous polyarthritis
4. fibrinous optalmithitis
5. enlarged Ln’s & spleen (acute hypermeic splenitis)
6. meningitis
7. white spotted kidney - cortical abscess, nephritis
8. infection can localize in intestines causing enteritis

Question 4

DEVELOPMENTAL ANOMALIES OF THE HEART

Answer 4

1) Double aortic arch
2) Agenesia/hypoplasia (agenesia= absence, hypoplasia= heart is underdeveloped & smaller)
3) Ectopial cordis - heart is outside thorax
4) Endocardial fibroelastosis - thickening of endocardium
5) Failure of closure of fetal cardiovascular shunts
6) Tetralogy of Fallot
7) Failure of normal valvular development
8) Malpositioning of great vessels

Question 5

Types of cardiovascular shunts developmental anomalies

Answer 5

-Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA): blood vessel bw pulm. artery & aorta
-Atrial septal defect
•Foramen ovale Ø close
•Sinus venosus atrial septal defect: bw the 2 vena cavae
-Ventricular septal defect: septum Ø properly developed bw the two ventricles

Question 6

What is Tetralogy of Fallot?

Answer 6

Combination of 4 congenital heart abnormalities:

• Ventricular septal defect
• Pulmonary stenosis
• Dextroposition of aorta - aorta is located directly over a ventricular septal defect instead of over the LV
• Right ventricular hypertrophy

Question 7

Types of heart valve developmental anomalies

Answer 7

• Pulmonary stenosis –> pulm. valve is too small/narrow/stiff: subvalvular or valvular stenosis, “jet effect”, concentric RV hypertrophy
• Subaortic stenosis –> obstruction under aortic valve: LV outflow obstruction, concentric LV hypertrophy, dilation of aorta
• Valvular dysplasia – of bi-or tricuspid valves
• Valvular cysts

Question 8

Types of heart vessel developmental anomalies

Answer 8

Dextroposition of aortic arch

• german shepherd, irish setter
• lig.arteriosum ligates the esophagus & trachea–> megaesophagus

Question 9

Zoonotic

Answer 9

Para tuberculosis 
TB
Histoplasmosis 
Bovine papular stomatitis 
FMD
Fusobacterium Necrophorum
Swine influenza 
Malleus
Orthopox
Pseudopox
Orf - parapox
Toxoplasmosis 
Rabies
Swine erysipelas
S. suis 
Brucella orchitis
EIA
Necrobacillosis 
R. Equi 
Anthrax

Question 10

Types of pericarditis

Answer 10

• Fibrinous pericarditis
• Suppurative/ichorous pericarditis
• Constrictive pericarditis

Question 11

Regressive changes in the heart muscle

Answer 11

• Clowdy swelling
• Fatty degeneration: anemia, toxemia (tiger heart)
• Hydropic degeneration: doxorubicin toxicity, autointoxication (eg: stomach rupture)
• Lipofuscinosis - old age, newborns, cachexia (brown)
• Myofibrillar degeneration-furazolidone toxicity in birds
• Myocardial atrophy
• Myocardial necrosis

Question 12

Types of myocarditis

Answer 12

• Serous myocarditis
• Lympho-histiocytic myocarditis
• Purulent myocarditis (suppurative)
• Ichorous myocarditis: saprophytic bacteria
• Eosinophilic myocarditis: allergies, parasites
• Necrotic myocarditis

Question 13

Types of endocarditis

Answer 13

• Mostly bacterial cause
• Valvular endocarditis (lesions on valve)
• Parietal endocarditis (lesions on the wall)
• Chronic (verrucosus)
• Acute (vegetative)