random neuro Flashcards

1
Q

testing language at bedside

A

naming
repetition
commands (multi step commands without pause that crosses the midline)

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2
Q

language hemi?

A

90% on L

30% of L handed people will be R side dominant

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3
Q

utoff’s phenomenon

A

sx get worse in warm weather

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4
Q

ms

A

inflammatory, demylinating dz of CNS, maybe autoimmune

differentiate in space and time

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5
Q

neuromyelitis optica

A

effects optic n and spinal cord

-dx: ab against aquaporin 4

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6
Q

single ring enhancing brain lesion vs multiple?

A

single: Lymphoma, post infectious (most likley staph or strep v)
multiple: toxo

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7
Q

cushing reflex

A

sign of brainstem compression

  • HTN
  • bradycardia
  • decreased resps
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8
Q

dx of creutzfeld jakob

A
  • myclonus
  • akinetic mutism
  • hypokinesia
  • cerebellar/ visual dist

periodic sharp wave on EEG

14-3-3 CSF assay

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9
Q

hemmorhagic transformation

A

<48 hour post stroke –> ischemic, embolic or one tx with TPA

more commonly seen with septic emboli

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10
Q

most common etiology of “transiet curtains over my eye”

A

amarosis fugax –> from atherosclerotic emboli from carotids

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11
Q

paralysis of upper and lower facial muscles on one side, what level of injury

A

bell’s palsy, lesion below the pons

if forehead muscles are spared this suggests higher lesions

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12
Q

cranial nerves in cavernous sinus (and other structures)

A

III, IV, V, VI

ICA, post communicating artery

pituitary gland

optic chiasm

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13
Q

insular cortex

A

autonomic functions

lateral sulcus

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14
Q

causes/ treatment of peripheral facial nerve palsy

A

(FULL paralysis)

1) edema at faicla nerve canal
2) epidural hematoma
3) longitudinal fracture of temporal bone

for 1) tx with high dose short course of steroids

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15
Q

albuminocytologic dissociation

A

seen in CSF in GBS –> elevated protein, normal cell count

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16
Q

drooling in rabies?

A

hydrophobia form pharyngeal muscle spasm

17
Q

when do you surgically intervene on a subdural

A

> 10mm
midline shift
mental status change

18
Q

CSF in HSV encephalitis

A
lymphocytic pleocytosis
minimally elevated protein
nl glucose
nl- inc opening pressure
***look for MRI changes in temporal regions
19
Q

typical presentation of medullablastoma

A

signs of hydrocephalus

signs of cerebellar vermis involvement- n/v, headaches, gait difficulty

20
Q

cognitive impairment manifestation that comes with NPH?

A

decreased attention

21
Q

management of acute MS flair

A

high dose IV methylpred –> 500-1000mg 3-5 days

22
Q

anti gm1 antibodies

A

chronic inflammatory demylinating polyneuropathy

tx with IVIG or plasmapheresis

23
Q

tuberous sclerosis dx

A

neurocutaneous d/o characterized by benign hamartomas

  • > 3 ash leaf spots (hypopigmented, ellipsoid patch)
  • shagreen patches- raised, rough, dimpled skin usu on low back
  • angiofibromas
  • retinal

renal- RCC, cysts, angiomyolipomas

CNS- seizures, intellectual disorders

cardiac- rhabdomyomas

24
Q

ALS symmetry?

A

Als is often Asymmetric

25
neurogenic shock
type: distributive shock vasodilation, warm and flushed skin--> dec preload --> hypotn, bradycardia **can be cause by spinal anesthetics in surgery
26
neurogenic shock
type: distributive shock vasodilation, warm and flushed skin--> dec preload --> hypotn, bradycardia **can be cause by spinal anesthetics in surgery
27
features of fetal alcohol syndrome
downslanting palpebral fissures -- distance b/w med and lat canthi epicanthal folds -- fold of eye lid flat philtrhum-- fold between upper lip and nose flattened, small upper lip hypertelorism-- inc space between two doubled up organs, ie eyes microcephaly
28
palpebral fissures in Downs sysndrome
UPSLANTING
29
lisch nodules
hyperpigmented nodules seen in the iris in nf1
30
5 P's of acute intermittent porphyria
``` painful abdomen psychologic disturbance polyneuropathy precipitant: drugs, alcohol purple pee ```