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Shelf exams > neuro vocab > Flashcards

neuro vocab Flashcards

1
Q

dyskinesia

A

abnormal involuntary movements

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2
Q

akinesia

A

too little movement

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3
Q

spasticity

A

paralysis
increased tendon reflex
hypertonia

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4
Q

deccussation of dorsal column system occurs in?

A

2nd neuron, body originating in the nucleus gracilis/cuneatus of medulla –> deccusates in medulla –> travels up medial lemniscus to contralateral postcentral gyrus

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5
Q

spinothalamic tract

A

pain, temp, coarse touch

  • decussate immediately
  • ascend in white matter ventrolateral to ventral horn
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6
Q

dorsal columns

A

proprioception, touch pressure, vibration

  • gracillis= lower body
  • cuneatus= upper body

***patient with dorsal tumor lost proprioception in legs

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7
Q

steroagnosis

A

using sensory information to create higher level mapping in your head

“feel paperclip in hand and figure out what it is”

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8
Q

grapasthesia

A

draw number on hand and have patient say what number it is

tests higher level processing

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9
Q

exam for endocarditis

A

murmur
roths spot
splinter hemorrage

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10
Q

meyers loop –> location, defect

A

temporal lobe

“pie in the sky”- right superior quadtrantanopia for L sided lesion

**can see overlap in wernicke’s

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11
Q

hemorrhagic conversion/transformation of stroke

A

more common in septic emboli vs thrombotic

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12
Q

vasospasm prohpylactic drug

A

nifedpine

given after SAH because blood causes irritation and vessels can react with vasospasm

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13
Q

“enhancement” in mri

A

MUST HAVE CONTRAST

if no contrast, then its hyperintensity

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14
Q

septic emboli shower

A

cool.

think of endocarditis PBL case

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15
Q

infectious endocarditis

A

pateints at high risk for stroke 2/2 septic emboli

IV vancomycin +/- ceftriaxone!!

asa, warf, antiplat contraindicated/ not necessary

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16
Q

temporal lobe functions

A

smell, hearing
memory (hippocampus)
fear (amygdala)

R= verbal memory
L=visuospatial

17
Q

Parietal lobe

A

sensory cortex –> post central gyrus

18
Q

Frontal lobe

A

motor (precentral gyrus)

executive function

19
Q

Valproate

  • MOA
  • side effects
A

MOA: sodium channel blocker, increased levels of GABA-a

side effects:

  • GI upset
  • weight gain
  • tremor
  • inc LFT
  • pancreatitis
  • NTD

**think of a drunk person: ataxia, nystagmus, tremor

20
Q

Topomax

  • moa
  • side effects
A

MOA= sodium channel binder, binds allosterically to GABA-A

side effects:

  • somnolence
  • weight loss
  • nephrolothiasis
  • acute angle closure glaucoma
21
Q

lamotragine

A

MOA= sodium channel blocker

side effects:

  • benign skin rash
  • SJS/TEN (1%)
  • diplopia
22
Q

pathology seen in cerebellar disease

A 
gait instability
truncal ataxia
dysiadokinesia
dysmetria
hypotonia
nystagmus
23
Q

more sensitive test of B12 defic

A

methlymalonic acid levels

24
Q

hemineglect: wheres the lesion, where’s the neglect

A

non dominant parietal lobe (usu R)

neglect the left side

25
Q

conus medullaris vs cauda equina

A

conus: upper motor neuron signs, symmetric motor weakness, early bowel/bladder dysfunction
cauda: lower motor neuron signs, assymetric motor weakness, late bowel bladder dysfunction

26
Q

treatment approced for ALS

A

riluzole –> gluatamate inhibitor

27
Q

treatment for foodborne botulism

A

passive immunity with horse anti-toxin

descending paralysis that starts with cranial nerve neuropathy –> blurred vision

28
Q

cerebrellopontine angle tumors

A

acoustic schwannomas –> head ache, hearing loss, vertigo, tinnitus

29
Q

respiratory test to monitor GBS?

A

spirometry –> FVCs, <20ml/kg indicates need to intubate

30
Q

someone on high dose steroids develops proximal muscle weakness with normal labs

A

glucocorticoid induced myopathy

31
Q

CNVII funciton (besides facial muscles)

A

taste ant 2/3 tongue
lacrimation
salivation
eyelid closure

32
Q

CNIII function

A

eyelid OPENING

extraoccular eye movements

33
Q

corneal anesthesia via which CN?

A

V1

34
Q

common complication after bacterial meningitis in kids?

A

hearing loss

35
Q

tx for myasthenia gravis

A

pyridostigmine –> AchE inhibitor

long term= immunosuppressive therapy

Shelf exams (40 decks)

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