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Random Info Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three types of non-opioid analgesics?

A

NSAIDs, Salicylates, and acetaminophen

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2
Q

When should acetaminophen not be used?

A

For any kind of anti-inflammatory purposes

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3
Q

What is the maximum dosage of acetaminophen per day?

A

4000mg a day

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4
Q

What is the maximum dosage of ibuprofen a day?

A

800mg every 8 hours

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5
Q

What is naloxone used for?

A

Commonly used to reverse overdoses

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6
Q

What are some uses of NSAIDs?

A

Relief of Headaches
Joint and muscle pain
Inflammation
Reduction of Fever

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7
Q

What are 3 important concerns when using salicylates?

A
  1. Should be avoided after surgery, can interfere with clotting.
  2. if used in pregnancy, can result in anemia.
    should be avoided in patients with asthma
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8
Q

What is the main drug that interacts with NSAIDs, and why?

A

Aspirin, because NSAIDs can cause clotting to slow, but aspirin causes blood to clot for prolonged periods of time.

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9
Q

What are two aux labels that should be applied to NSAIDs?

A

Take with food

Do not drink alcoholic bevrages

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10
Q

What does aspirin do?

A

inhibits clotting for 4-7 days, preventing heart attacks and strokes.

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11
Q

What is the most common use of aspirin?

A

Lose dosage aspirin is taken daily to reduce the risk of heart attacks and strokes

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12
Q

What are the primary side effects of NSAIDs?

A

GI upset and kidney damage

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13
Q

What drugs can NSAIDs interact with?

A

Other NSAIDs, Beta Blockers, Digoxin, Diuretics, Methotrexate, Warfarin

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14
Q

What are the three types of arrhythmias?

A

Atrial flutter
Atrial fibrillation
Ventricular fibrillation

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15
Q

What is a commonly used drug to treat arrhythmias?

A

Amiodarone

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16
Q

What is a beta-blocker?

A

Blocks norepinephrine and epinephrine to decrease stimulation of beta receptors in the blood vessels and heart. Helps to lower heart rate, heart muscle contraction, and blood pressure

17
Q

What are some examples of beta blockers?

A

Sectral - acebutolol
Tenormin - atenolol
Inderal - propranolol

18
Q

Why should diabetic patients avoid beta blockers?

A

They may mask hypoglycemic symptoms, causing patients not to be able to tell when their blood sugar is too low.

19
Q

What is a Calcium Channel Blocker?

A

CCBs cause vasodilation and decreases the force of contraction of the heart, reducing blood pressure, which reduces the work the heart has to do.

20
Q

Name some CCBs?

A

Norvasc - amlodipine
Adalat - nifedipine
Cardizem, Tiazac - diltiazem

21
Q

What is the most troublesome side effects when taking ACE inhibitors?

A

A dry, persistent cough

22
Q

What are the common symptoms of a heart attack?

A

uncomfortable pressure or pain in the centre of the chest, sweating, dizziness, shortness of breath

23
Q

Define systole

A

Contractions of the ventricles that sends blood into the pulmonary and systemic circulation - the LUB sound

24
Q

Define Diastole

A

relaxation of the ventricles that allows then to fill with blood from the atria - the DUB sound

25
Q

What is another name for hyperlipidemia?

A

High Cholesterol

26
Q

What are the 3 types of angina?

A

Stable angina
Unstable angina
Variant angina

27
Q

What are 4 drug classes used to treat hypertension?

A

Diuretics
Beta Blockers
ACE inhibitors
CCBs

28
Q

What aux labels go on lipitor?

A

Avoid use with macrolide antibiotics, grapefruit juice, and certain CCBs

29
Q

What aux labels are used with diuretics?

A

Avoid prolonged sun exposure

30
Q

What are the ABCs of cancer?

A 
Asymmetry 
Border irregularity 
Colour 
Diameter
Evolving shape, size, colour
31
Q

What type of cancer are aromatase inhibitors used to treat?

A

Breast cancer

32
Q

What warning label should be on methotrexate?

A

Suppresses immune system

33
Q

What two neurotransmitters are imbalanced ina patient with parkinsons disease?

A

Dopamine and acetylcholine

34
Q

What are the characteristics of parkinsons disease?

A

tumour, rigidity.

35
Q

Name 3 drugs used to treat parkinsons

A
  1. levodopa-carbidopa
  2. ropinirole
  3. Benztropine
36
Q

How does huntingtons differ from parkinsons?

A

It is hereditary

37
Q

Why is phenytoin unsafe for pregnant women?

A

It is a known teratogen, classified as risk category D

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