Random Info Flashcards
What are the three types of non-opioid analgesics?
NSAIDs, Salicylates, and acetaminophen
When should acetaminophen not be used?
For any kind of anti-inflammatory purposes
What is the maximum dosage of acetaminophen per day?
4000mg a day
What is the maximum dosage of ibuprofen a day?
800mg every 8 hours
What is naloxone used for?
Commonly used to reverse overdoses
What are some uses of NSAIDs?
Relief of Headaches
Joint and muscle pain
Inflammation
Reduction of Fever
What are 3 important concerns when using salicylates?
- Should be avoided after surgery, can interfere with clotting.
- if used in pregnancy, can result in anemia.
should be avoided in patients with asthma
What is the main drug that interacts with NSAIDs, and why?
Aspirin, because NSAIDs can cause clotting to slow, but aspirin causes blood to clot for prolonged periods of time.
What are two aux labels that should be applied to NSAIDs?
Take with food
Do not drink alcoholic bevrages
What does aspirin do?
inhibits clotting for 4-7 days, preventing heart attacks and strokes.
What is the most common use of aspirin?
Lose dosage aspirin is taken daily to reduce the risk of heart attacks and strokes
What are the primary side effects of NSAIDs?
GI upset and kidney damage
What drugs can NSAIDs interact with?
Other NSAIDs, Beta Blockers, Digoxin, Diuretics, Methotrexate, Warfarin
What are the three types of arrhythmias?
Atrial flutter
Atrial fibrillation
Ventricular fibrillation
What is a commonly used drug to treat arrhythmias?
Amiodarone
What is a beta-blocker?
Blocks norepinephrine and epinephrine to decrease stimulation of beta receptors in the blood vessels and heart. Helps to lower heart rate, heart muscle contraction, and blood pressure
What are some examples of beta blockers?
Sectral - acebutolol
Tenormin - atenolol
Inderal - propranolol
Why should diabetic patients avoid beta blockers?
They may mask hypoglycemic symptoms, causing patients not to be able to tell when their blood sugar is too low.
What is a Calcium Channel Blocker?
CCBs cause vasodilation and decreases the force of contraction of the heart, reducing blood pressure, which reduces the work the heart has to do.
Name some CCBs?
Norvasc - amlodipine
Adalat - nifedipine
Cardizem, Tiazac - diltiazem
What is the most troublesome side effects when taking ACE inhibitors?
A dry, persistent cough
What are the common symptoms of a heart attack?
uncomfortable pressure or pain in the centre of the chest, sweating, dizziness, shortness of breath
Define systole
Contractions of the ventricles that sends blood into the pulmonary and systemic circulation - the LUB sound
Define Diastole
relaxation of the ventricles that allows then to fill with blood from the atria - the DUB sound
What is another name for hyperlipidemia?
High Cholesterol
What are the 3 types of angina?
Stable angina
Unstable angina
Variant angina
What are 4 drug classes used to treat hypertension?
Diuretics
Beta Blockers
ACE inhibitors
CCBs
What aux labels go on lipitor?
Avoid use with macrolide antibiotics, grapefruit juice, and certain CCBs
What aux labels are used with diuretics?
Avoid prolonged sun exposure
What are the ABCs of cancer?
Asymmetry Border irregularity Colour Diameter Evolving shape, size, colour
What type of cancer are aromatase inhibitors used to treat?
Breast cancer
What warning label should be on methotrexate?
Suppresses immune system
What two neurotransmitters are imbalanced ina patient with parkinsons disease?
Dopamine and acetylcholine
What are the characteristics of parkinsons disease?
tumour, rigidity.
Name 3 drugs used to treat parkinsons
- levodopa-carbidopa
- ropinirole
- Benztropine
How does huntingtons differ from parkinsons?
It is hereditary
Why is phenytoin unsafe for pregnant women?
It is a known teratogen, classified as risk category D
