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Manchester Progress Test > Random cards > Flashcards

Random cards Flashcards

1
Q

Donepezil

A

Alzheimer’s

increases cortical acetylcholine levels

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2
Q

Baclofen

A

used to treat spacticity

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3
Q

lateral epicondylitis

A

tennis elbow

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4
Q

medial epicondylitis

A

golfers elbow

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5
Q

Adcal D3 and aledronic acid

A

bisphosphonates

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6
Q

cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (CCP)

A

suspected RA

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7
Q

what is the classification of fungal infection

A

superficial skin or hair
subcutaneous
systemic (usually immunocompromised)

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8
Q

calcitriol

A

regulates gut calcium absorption

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9
Q

gonorrhoea

A

gram negative diplococcus

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10
Q

strawberry cervix

A

trichomonas vaginalis

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11
Q

posterior pituitary hormones

A

oxytocin and ADH

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12
Q

what disease might you find buccal pigmentation

A

addisons disease

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13
Q

what disease might you find peri oral pigmentation

A

puetz jeghers syndrome

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14
Q

what is addisons disease

A

primary hypoadrenalism

adrenal glands do not produce enough steroid hormones (often autoimmune) - cortisol and aldosterone

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15
Q

how is addisons treated

A

hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone

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16
Q

what is secondary hypoadrenalism

A

lack of ACTH produced by the anterior pituitary gland

or lack of CRH from the hypothalamus

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17
Q

what are the posterior pituitary hormones

A

ADH

Oxytocin

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18
Q

what are the anterior pituitary hormones

A 
LH
FSH
ACTH
TSH
PRL
GH
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19
Q

what is an adrenal crisis

A

often triggered by physiological stress

  • low bp
  • vomiting
  • lower back pain
  • LOC
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20
Q

what drugs can cause gynaecomastia

A 
digoxin
spironolactone
cimetidine
oestrogen 
testosterone
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21
Q

what are some features of conns

A

hypokalaemic alkalosis
low renin
hypertension
muscle weakness

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22
Q

what is the most common cause of Conns

A

adrenal adenoma

adrenal hyperplasia

23
Q

where is GnRH released from

A

hypothalamus

24
Q

what hormones does the placenta release

A

human placental lactogen

hCG

25
Q

why might a seminoma present with gynaecomastia

A

hCG secretion

26
Q

what are the most common causes of primary hyperthyroidism

A

graves
toxic adenoma
toxic multinodular goitre

27
Q

what would you use to treat anaemia in CKD

A

epoetin

28
Q

what are the features of PCOS

A

normal or high oestradiol conc
elevated androgens
elevation of prolactin

29
Q

what is statutory period in which you must have seen the patient for writing the cause of death

A

14 days

30
Q

features of parkinsons

A 
pill rolling tremour
increased muscle tone
lack of arm swinging
no change in sensation 
reduced facial expression
31
Q

what is lead pipe rigidity

A

uniform rigidity during passive movement that remains uniform throughout

32
Q

weight loss, SOB, and clubbing

A

most likely to be bronchial carcinoma or pulmonary fibrosis

33
Q

what are the respiratory causes of clubbing

A

TB, bronchiectasis, bronchial carcinoma, mesothelioma, empyema, pulmonary fibrosis

34
Q

what is the nutcracker angle

A

between the abdominal aorta and the SMA

35
Q

what is nutcracker syndrome

A

compression of the left renal vein between the SMA and aorta
this causes back pressure creating a varicocele

36
Q

what is hypernephroma

A

renal cell cancer from proximal renal tubular epithelium

37
Q

what are risk factors for renal cell carcinoma

A

middle age man
smoking
VHL
Tuberosing sclerosis

38
Q

what are the symptoms of renal cell carcinoma

A 
haematuria
loin pain 
abdo mass
left varicocele
pyrexia 
polycythaemia 
parathyroid hormone- hypercalcaemia
renin 
ACTH
39
Q

what are the symptoms of ovarian torsion

A

iliac fossa pain
vomiting
adnexal mass
low fever

40
Q

what is rovsings sign

A

appendicitis

pain in the left iliac fossa can be reproduced by palpation of the RIF

41
Q

how do you treat bradycardia

A

atropine

42
Q

how do you treat an SVT

A

adenosine

43
Q

what does the management of bradycardia depend on

A

haemodynamic compromise

risk of asystole

44
Q

what are the signs of haemodynamic compromise

A 
hypotension 
pallor 
sweating 
cold clammy extremeties
confusion
LOC
45
Q

what are the indicators of immenent asytole in someone with heart block

A

complete heart block with broad complex QRS
recent asystole
mobitz type 2 av block
ventricular pause

46
Q

what does the target sign indicate

A

insusception

47
Q

what age group is most commonly affected by intussusception

A

6-18 months

48
Q

what are the signs of intussuscepetion

A 
paroxysmal adominal colicky pain 
knees drawn up 
pale
vomiting
red current jelly stool 
sausage shaped mass in RLQ
49
Q

what is the investigation of choice for intussusception

A

USS

50
Q

how do you treat intussusception

A

air insuflation

surgery if this fails or peritonitis

51
Q

what are the most common bacterial organisms that cause infective exacerbations of COPD

A

h influenzae
strep pneumoniae
moraxella catarrhalis

rhinovirus

52
Q

what steroid should be given in infective exacerbations of COPD

A

prednisolone

53
Q

which COPD patients should be given antibiotics

A

purulent sputum or clinical signs of pneumonia

Manchester Progress Test (15 decks)

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