Raised ICP Flashcards
What can cause raised ICP?
Tumour Head injury Hydrocephalus Meningitis Stroke
What eye symptoms occur in raised ICP?
Blurred vision Double vision (diplopia) Visual loss Papilloedema Pupilliary changes
What is covered by the subarachnoid space?
Brain
Spinal cord
What is containedin SAS?
circulating spinal fluid
How is the SAS accessed?
Lumbar puncture
L3/L4
Where does the SAS end?
S2
Where does the SAS communicate?
Within brain ventricles
Describe the path of CSF circulation
1) secreted by choroid plexus
2) from R and L lateral ventricles
3) to 3rd ventricle (midline)
4) to cerebral aqueduct
5) to 4th ventricle
6) into SAS and central canal
7) reabsorbed via arachnoid granulations
8) to dural sinuses
Where is the SAS located?
between arachnoid and pia mater
How does increased ICP affect CN II?
gray vision transient flicker blurring vision constriction of feilds lowers colour perception
How does raised ICP affect CN III?
Somatic motor damage
Parasympathetic damage at pupil
What are the signs of CN III damage?
Loss/slow pupilliary light reflex Dilated pupil ptosis Eyes 'out and down' All extra ocular muscles and lids paralysed
How doe raised ICP affect CN IV?
paralysis of superior oblque
Cannot move eyes inferomedially
Diplopia on looking down
How does raised ICP affect CN VI?
paralysis of lateral rectus
no horizontal movement
medial deviation
