Papilloedema Flashcards
1
Q
What is papilloedema?
A
Swelling of optic disc due to raised ICP
2
Q
How does raised ICP cause disc swelling?
A
Sub arachnoid space is continuos from brain through to optic nerve Increase in ICP transmitted along SAS This interrupts axoplasmic flow Cause venous congestion Leads to swelling
3
Q
Why does a space occupying lesion cause papilloedema?
A
Raises ICP
4
Q
What are the signs in a space occupying lesion?
A
Bilateral disc swelling
5
Q
What are the components of ICP?
A
Brain 80%
Blood 10%
CSF 10%
6
Q
What is the Munro Kellie hypothesis?
A
When one component of ICP increases, others decrease
7
Q
Why is increase in brain volume dangerous?
A
Rigid cranial vault Foramen magnum opening Brain squeezes through Brainstem compressed Patient stops breathing
8
Q
How can the CSF increase ICP?
A
Overproduction
Inadequate absorption
9
Q
Why does the brain have autoregulation of the blood?
A
Intolerant of hyper/hypo perfusion
10
Q
How can the blood increase ICP?
A
Malignant hypertension
Failure of autoregulation
Increases ICP
