Radiology Flashcards
What sort of problems would radiology be required in ENT for
Dysphagia Stridor Deafness Assessment of neck lumps Staging of head and neck cancer Defining the extent of deep neck abscesses
How can a radiologist help an ENT surgeon
Perform US guided biopsies
Use imaging guidance to dilate oesophageal strictures
Embolise blood vessels
When would a plain radiograph be used
In cases of suspected inhaled or ingested radio-opaque foreign bodies e.g. fishbones or coins etc
When is an US useful in ENT
Investigation of neck lumps
Investigation and FNA of thyroid lumps
Investigation of salivary gland disease
Investigation of inflammatory masses, particularly in children to identify an abscess
What can US tell us about neck lumps
Whether it is malignant or a lymph node
What it is
Does it lie in the parotid / submandibular gland
What is the nature of the presumed thyroid swelling
Is there evidence of sialectasis
What is the first line imaging investigation for neck lumps
US
In what cases are FNAs often performed
Suspected lymph node malignancy
Assessment of masses in salivary glands and evaluation of thyroid lumps
Describe the appearance of benign lymph nodes
Elliptical or oval
Have an obvious central fatty hilum
Organised vascular supply centred on the hilum
Describe the appearance of a malignant lymph node
No central fatty hylum
Blood flow comes into the middle then has branches out of it
Most thyroid masses are malignant. True or false
False - most are benign with hyper plastic nodules accounting for about 80% of thyroid lumps
In what ENT cases might we need a cross sectional image e.g. MRI or CT
Investigation of some infections Trauma Causes of vocal cord palsy Temporal bone for cholesteatoma Planing for auditory implants or mastoid surgery Paranasal sinuses for surgery Cancer staging
What imaging is best for the larynx
CT
What imaging is best for pathologies involving the skull base
MR
What structure is the only one in the larynx that has a full ring
Cricoid cartilage
What is FESS
Funcitonal Endoscopic Sinus Surgery
