Radiation Protection CH 6 Test PT 2

Question 1

What does the substance protoplasm carry?

Answer 1

the complex process of metabolism, the reception and processing of food and oxygen, and the elimination of waste

Question 2

what the biomolecules that comprise protoplasm are formed from

Answer 2

24 elements with the 4 primary being carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen

Question 3

what are the 2 most important inorganic substances

Answer 3

water and mineral salts (electrolytes)

Question 4

water is the most abundant

Answer 4

inorganic compound in the body

Question 5

know the 4 major classes of organic compounds

Answer 5

proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acid

Question 6

what proteins are essential for

Answer 6

growth, the construction of new body tissue and the repair of injured or debilitated tissue

Question 7

what is the primary function of a carbohydrate?

Answer 7

to provide fuel for cell metabolism

Question 8

know the 2 types of nucleic acid

Answer 8

DNA and RNA

Question 9

Why DNA is sometimes referred to as the master chemical

Answer 9

it contains all the information necessary for cell replication and regulates all cellular activity to direct protein synthesis

Question 10

know what DNA is composed of

Answer 10

two long sugar phosphate chains which twist around each other in a double-helix configuration and are linked by pairs of nitrogenous organic bases at the sugar molecules of the chain to form a tightly coiled structure resembling a twisted ladder or spiral staircase

Question 11

know what chromosomes are composed of

Answer 11

protein and DNA

Question 12

what genes are the basic unit for

Answer 12

hereditary

Question 13

know what inorganic compounds are found inside the body

Answer 13

acids, bases, and salts

Question 14

what is the primary inorganic substance contained in the human body

Answer 14

water

Question 15

be able to describe the difference of the function of water within the call and outside the cell

Answer 15

INSIDE: Is indispensable for metabolic activities it is the basis for them also acts a solvent

OUTSIDE: functions as transport vehicle for materials, cell uses, and eliminates the water, and is responsible for maintaining a constant body core temperature

Question 16

know what cell membranes are made from

Answer 16

lipids and proteins

Question 17

what is the function of the cell membrane

Answer 17

functions as a barricade to protect cellular contents from the outside environment, and it controls the passage of water, and other materials into and out of the cell

Question 18

know the 2 types of cell division that occur within the body

Answer 18

mitosis and meiosis

Question 19

know what must happen before a male and female germ cell unite to produce a new organism

Answer 19

the number of chromosomes in each must be reduced by half to ensure that the daughter cells formed when they unite will contain only the normal number of 46 chromosomes