Radiation Protection Ch 6 Quiz

Question 1

Compounds that contain carbon hydrogen and oxygen

Answer 1

Organic compounds

Question 2

do not contain carbon

Answer 2

Inorganic material/ compound

Question 3

The most elementary building blocks of the cell essential for growth,the construction of new body tissue, and repair of injured or debilitated tissue

Answer 3

Proteins (building block)

Question 4

Enzymes that can mend damaged molecules and are therefore capable of helping the cell to recover from a small amount of radiation induced damage

Answer 4

Repair enzyme

Question 5

chemicals secretions manufactured by various endocrine glands carried by the bloodstream to influence the activities of other parts of the body

Answer 5

Hormones

Question 6

protein molecules produced by specialized cells in the bone marrow

Answer 6

Antibodies

Question 7

Foreign bodies also known as bacteria and viruses in the body

Answer 7

Antigens

Question 8

also known as saccharides- chains of sugar molecules and function as short-term energy warehouses for the body -their primary function is to provide fuel for the cell metabolism

Answer 8

Carbohydrates

Question 9

• Aka Fats-
• reservoirs for the long-term storage of energy
• they insulate and guard the body against environment
• support and protect organs such as the eyes and kidneys
• provide a essential substances necessary for growth and development -lubricate joints
• assist in the digestive process

Answer 9

Lipids

Question 10

Carries the genetic information necessary for cell replication and regulates all cellular activity to direct protein synthesis

Answer 10

DNA

Question 11

DNA that regulate cellular activity indirectly transmitting it’s genetic information outside the cell nucleus my reproducing itself in the form of RNA
–
single strand of DNA ladder like configuration

Answer 11

Messenger RNA

Question 12

Tiny rod shaped bodies that under a microscope appear to be a long threadlike structures that become visible only in dividing cells

-they are composed of protein and DNA

Answer 12

Chromosomes

Question 13

when water tends to move across cell surfaces or membranes into areas in which a high concentration of ions is present

Answer 13

Osmosis

Question 14

A frail semi-permeable flexible structure encasing and surrounding the human cell
-made up of lipids and proteins
-functions as a barricade to protect cellular contents from the outside environment and
it controls the passage of water and other materials into and out of the cell

Answer 14

Cell membrane

Question 15

Protoplasm that exist outside the cell nucleus primarily composed of water but also contains proteins carbohydrates lipids salts and minerals

Answer 15

Cytoplasm

Question 16

In the cytoplasm contains all the miniature cellular components that enabled the cell to function in a highly organized manner consist of tiny tubules,vesicles, granules and fibrils

Answer 16

Cytoplasmic organelles

Question 17

Heart of a living cell a spherical mass of protoplasm known as nucleoplasm that contains the genetic material DNA and protein

Answer 17

Nucleus

Question 18

Multiplication process whereby one cell divides to form two or more cells

Answer 18

Cell division

Question 19

Parent cell divides to form two daughter cells identical to the parent cell: this process results in approximately equal distribution of all cellular material between the two daughter cells –division phase of the cellular lifecycle

Answer 19

Mitosis

Question 20

Is a special type of cell division that reduces the number of chromosomes in each daughter cell to have the number of chromosomes in the parent cell

Answer 20

Meiosis

Question 21

The chemical building material for all living things. this substance carries on the complex process of metabolism. the reception in processing of food and oxygen in a elimination of waste

Answer 21

Protoplasm