Radiation Protection CH 10 Part 1 Flashcards
A set of numeric dose limits that are based on calculations of the various risks of cancer and genetic effects to tissues or organs exposed to radiation
Effective Dose Limiting Systems
Caused by exposure to ionizing radiation
cancerous neoplasms
ICRP
International Commission on Radiologic Protection
What is ICRP considered?
The international authority regarding the safe use of sources of ionizing radiation
NCRP
National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements
What does the NCRP do?
Review the recommendations formulated by ICRP
What does the NCRP determine?
The ways ICRP recommendations are incorporated into the US radiation protection criteria
UNSCEAR
United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation
What does UNSCEAR evaluate?
Human and environmental ionizing radiation exposures from a variety of sources including radioactive materials, radiation-producing machines, and radiation accidents
NAS/NRC-BEIR
National Academy of Sciences/National Research Council on the Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation
What does NAS/NRC-BEIR?
An advisory group that reviews studies of biologic effects of ionizing radiation and risk management. This group formulated the 1990 BEIR V report Health Effects of Exposure to low levels of ionizing radiation
NRC
Nuclear Regulatory Commission
NRC Purpose
Is a federal agency that has the authority to control the possession , use, & production of atomic energy in the interest of national security
Its main function is to oversee the nuclear energy industry
Enforce radiation protection regulations through their respective health departments
agreement states
EPA
Environmental Protection Agency
What does the EPA facilitate?
the development and enforcement of regulations pertaining to the control of radiation in the environment
OSHA
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
What does OSHA regulate?
Occupational exposure to radiation through part 1910 of Title 29 of the US Code of Federal Regulations
What is OSHA responsible for?
Regulations concerning an employee’s “right to know” with regard to hazards that may be present in the work place
RSO
Radiation Safety Officer
The role of the RSO
Selected to oversee the programs daily operation and provide for its formal review each year
What is the RSO responsible for developing?
AN appropriate radiation safety program for the facility to ensure all persons are adequately protected from radiation
The RSO is responsible for maintaining
Radiation monitoring for all personnel and for providing counseling for individuals who receive monitor readings in excess of allowable limits
CDRH
Center for Devices and Radiological Health
CDRH is responsible for?
Conducting an on-going electronic product radiation control program
Know the 4 international Organizations responsible for evaluating the relationship between EQD and induced biologic effects
- ICRP - International Commission on Radiological Protection
- NCRP - National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements
- UNSCEAR - United Nations Scientific Committee on the effects of Atomic Radiation
- National Academy of Sciences/ National Research Council Committee on the Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation (NAS/NRC-BEIR)
Know who and why certain groups may look to the NCRP for guidance?
Nongovernmental groups desiring to improve their radiation safety practices and their promotion and disbursement of pertinent radiation protection materials
Know the US Radiation Regulatory Agencies
- NRC (Nuclear Regulatory Commission)
- Agreement States
- Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
- US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
- Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
What the FDA conducts under Public Law 90-602, the radiation control for Health and Safety Act of 1968?
An on-going product radiation control program, regulating the design and manufacture of electronic products, including diagnostic xray equipment
Know what compliance with the FDA standards ensures
The protection of occupationally and nonoccupationally exposed person from faulty manufacturing
What must facilities that provide imaging service have?
An effective and detailed radiation safety program to ensure adequate safety of patients and radiation workers
Be able to describe in detail the implementation requirements of a radiation safety program (Implementation, what it must provide, what it delegates)
The implementation of an effective program begins with the administration of the facility. Individuals in executive positions must provide the resources necessary for creating and maintaining such a program. They can delegate operational funds in the budget, oversee the development of policies and procedures, and provide the equipment necessary for starting and for continuing the program.
Why the NRC mandates that a RSC be established?
So that the facility can assist in the development of the radiation safety program
Who generally takes on the role of an RSO?
A medical physicist, health physicist, radiologist, or other qualified person through adequate training and experience usually takes on the role of the RSO
ICRP stands for:
International Commission on Radiologic Protection
NCRP stands for:
National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements
UNSCEAR stands for:
United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation
NAS/NRC-BEIR stands for?
National Academy of Sciences/National Research Council on The Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation
NRC stands for:
Nuclear Regulatory Commission
EPA stands for:
Environmental Protection Agency
FDA stands for:
US Food and Drug Administration
OSHA stands for:
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
CDRH stands for:
Center for Devices and Radiological Health
