RADCON FINALS Flashcards
Which of he following is not premedication for examination of the spine/spinal cord?
Nembutal
Which of the following examinations has its contrast medium mixed with another substance?
Radiculography
Considering the previous question, which of the following is a substance mixed with the contrast medium?
CSF
In which examination is the contrast medium not introduced into the subarachnoid space?
Diskography
Which examination mainly has to be monitored for side effects to a motor function (ambulation)?
Radiculography
Which examinaton generally has the most inferior object of study?
Radiculography
It is the radiographic examination of the spinal canal following the injection of CM to the subarachnoid space.
Myelography
In myelography, how is the CM delivered alternatively when the upper level of the block cannot be
demonstrated by the usual method?
Cisternal Puncture
If a patient is in the Trendelenburg position, injected Myodil (CM for myelography) in the spine is expected to
move towards what aspect of the spine?
Superior
T OR F. In myelography, it is preferred that the contrast medium enters the head.
True
T OR F. In myelography, it is easy to tell apart the left and right aspect of the spine in the AP images without labelling
them
False
Theoretically, how much time would it take for myodil injected in the spine for myelography to be practically
gone from the subarachnoid space?
5 to 6 years
It is the radiographic examination of the cauda equina and the lumbar and sacral nerve roots.
Radiculography
What are the views taken in radiculography?
AP and Lateral
For Diskography, which of the following is an acceptable amount of CM based on usual standards?
1 mL
In diskography, where exactly is the CM introduced?
Nucleus Pulposus
What is the means by which the nervous system sends signals in the body?
Action potentials
Main component of the nervous system that includes the brain and spinal cord.
Central Nervous System
Which division of the nervous system brings information from the 5 sense into the brain?
Afferent (Sensory)
Division
Which of the following examinations is appropriate for investigating raised intracranial pressure?
Ventriculography
Which of the following is NOT a description of ventriculography?
Air is injected via a lumbar puncture
Disorder when excess cerebrospinal fluid accumulates the brain’s ventricles.
Hydrocephalus
Which of the following is primarily done to treat the disorder in hydrocephalus?
VP Shunting
Which of the following are the positions used in ventriculography?
Supine and Prone
T OR F. In pneumoencephalography, air is injected into holes created by the surgeon in the frontal or parietal area of
the cranium
False
Occipito-frontal, Reverse-Townes, Lateral. These are views in pneumoencephalography for this position.
Prone
Which of the following is a projection where preliminary film in pneumoencephalography is performed in?
– AP
Recalling views and positions in pneumoencephalography, which of the following does not belong to the group?
Occipitofrontal
Contrast media usage for pneumoencephalography.
Air; 20 to 30 mL
Which of the following is matched correctly (pneumoencephalography)
Reverse Towne’s view; 25 deg caudal
T OR F. The ventriculoperitoneal shunt is used to relieve pressure in the brain due to CSF accumulation.
True
In pneumoencephalography, what position is most appropriate to bring the contrast media to the occipital
region?
Prone
In pneumoencephalography, this is the view required to show air in the anterior part of the 3rd ventricle.
Hanging Head Lateral
In pneumoencephalography, this are filled to demonstrate lesions in the temporal region.
Temporal Horns
In myelography, when myodil is already injected and the patient is in Fowler’s position, the cerebrospinal fluid is
mainly ___ to the myodil in the spine.
Superior
T OR F. For pneumoencephalography, an NPO precaution/preparation is required.
True
IT OR F. n myelography, it is necessary to label the left or right aspect of the spine in lateral view because it is difficult to
tell otherwise.
False
Contrast medium usually used in radiculography.
Dimer X
It is the radiographic examination of the intervertebral discs.
Diskography
In which of the following does herniation of intervertebral discs occur the least?
Cervical Region
Premedication for Diskography.
Operidine
In which of the following can a gas be used as CM?
Myelography
Which of the following does not deliver CM via lumbar puncture?
None of the above
Which of the following does not required food restrictions for patient preparation?
Ventriculography
A main structural component of the nervous system consisting of cranial nerves and spinal nerves that functions
as lines of communication between CNS and the rest of the body.
Peripheral Nervous System
Which function of the nervous system is demonstrated during the involuntary jerking away of the hand when
something hot is touched, in order to prevent further injury?
Programming of spinal cord reflexes
Intelligence, creativity, emotion and memory are a few of the many things governed by this central nervous
system organ.
Brain
Which examination is used to ascertain the nature of hydrocephalus?
Ventriculography
Main use of ventriculography (using burr holes) in more recent times.
As a way of insertion of shunt tubes
Which of the following is a difference between ventriculography and pneumoencephalography?
Delivery mode/site
In pneumoencephalography, which view is taken upon injection of CM in order to ascertain in whether the CM
has entered the ventricular system?
Lateral view
T OR F. The risk of bleeding is a cause for concern in cerebral arteriography.
True
T OR f. In intraosseus venography, injection in the thoracic or lumbar regions would require the patient to lie prone.
True
Contrast media employed in intraosseus venography.
Hypaque
Which is correct pathway of the catheter in cerebral angiography?
femoral artery > descending aorta > arch
aorta > carotid artery
It is a procedure that uses a special dye and xray to see the flow of blood through the brain.
Cerebral
angiography
Refers to the inflammation of the blood vessels in the brain.
Vasculitis
It refers to the narrowing of the arteries in the brain.
Angiostenosis
A methodology that involves injection of contrast media into the bone marrow.
Intraosseus Venography
This radiological examination is mainly performed mainly to ascertain whether the portal vein is patent and to distinguish intrahepatic portal obstruction from pre-hepatic portal obstruction.
percutaneous Transplenic Portal Venography
Which of the following methods of injecting CM in renal arteriography is more commonly used?
Seldinger method
Which of the following is not used as injection site for cerebral arteriography?
Intraosseus
A computer reconstruction technique where bones and other tissues are removed in the image, leaving blood
vessels filled with dye.
Digital Subtraction Angiography
Which examination of the aorta is used when femoral catheterization is contraindicated?
Translumbar Aortography
Which examination of the aorta is most suitable for examining part of the aorta that branches into the
brachiocephalic artery, subclavian arteries and carotid arteries.
Arch Aortography
It is the radiography of the heart and great vessels.
Angiocardiography
T OR F. In angiocardiography, if the left side of the heart is of interest for demonstration, the catheter can be inserted
via femoral artery.
False
Between single and bi-plane imaging, which methodology and equipment reduces the number of CM injections
to the patient due to its accuracy?
Bi-plane imaging
T OR F. Cardio-conray is a contrast medium that can be used for angiocardiography.
True
Radiographic examination of the arteries that supply blood to the heart.
Coronary Arteriography
T OR F. The views for left coronary artery are lateral, right anterior oblique and left anterior oblique.
True
It is the insertion of a long thin tube into arteries and veins of sufficient diameters (usually in the neck, arm or
groin) and guiding it through the blood vessels and even to the heart.
Cardiac Catheterization
Which of the following cannot be accomplished by cardiac catheterization?
Restart heart rhythm in times of fibrilliation