POSI FINALS QUIZ 1 Flashcards
Method that demonstrates lower cervical
and upper thoracic vertebrae in recumbent
Pawlow Method
The central ray for a lateral position for atlas
and axis is directed to a point,
1 inch distal to the the adjacent mastoid tip
To obtain an ap projection of the cervical
vertabrae without superimposition of the
mandible, one should
15 - 20 degrees cephalad
It is performed to demonstrate the entire
cervical vertebrae
AP Projection Ottonello Method
It requires right and left bending for scoliosis
study ?
PA Projection Ferguson Method
What is the CR angulation for a PA
projection of the sacrum?
15 degree cephalad
What CR angulation should be used to
demonstrate coccyx when the patient is?
10 degrees caudad
Structure of the lumbar vertebrae forming
30-50 degrees to MSP
Articular processes/Scottie dogs
Scottie dog’ sign in an oblique position of
the lumbar vertebrae indicates that
The articular process has been
demonstrated
It does not demonstrate in the routine lateral
position of the thoracic vertebrate
T1- T4
In oblique position for lumbosacral
vertebrae which of the following structure
represents the eye of the Scottie dog sign?
Pedicle
In lateral position of the lumbar spine, the
film is centered at the level of
Iliac Crest
In AP oblique position, the sacro-iliac joint
demonstrated is the one
Farthest from the film
The central ray in AP projection of the
coccyx is directed?
2’ superior to the
pubic symphysis
Position used to demonstrate
spondylolisthesis or exaggerated degrees of
Kyphosis and Lordosis?
Lateral Upright position
Which is true regarding AP oblique position
of the cervical spine
intervertebral foramina farther
from the film is demonstrated
What central ray is utilized when the
vertebral column is not elevated to a
horizontal plane in a male patient in lateral
projection of the thoracic vertebrae?
15 degrees cephalad
What joint is demonstrated if the body is
rotated 30 degrees in an oblique position of
the lumbosacral vertebrae?
Zygapophyseal Joint
Reference point used to demonstrate the
lower cervical and upper thoracic vertebrae
in Swimmers lateral?
C7-T1
Method used to demonstrate the dens lying
within the shadow of the foramen magnum
in AP?
Fuchs Method
In AP Axial Oblique projection of the
sacro-iliac joint, the CR is directed 1”medial
and 1 1⁄2 “ distal of the elevated ASIS at;
20-25 degrees Cephalad
Which of the following projections
demonstrates the amount/degree of
curvature that occurs with the force of
gravity acting on the body?
PA/AP prone or supine projection and Lateral upright projection
Where does the central ray enters when
performing PA Axial projection of the
lumbosacral junction?
Angle of 35 degrees caudal entering the spinous process of L4
the 1st two cervical vertebrae are atypical because they are structurally modified to join the skull.
Atlas & Axis
Other term for ottonello method?
Wagging jaw method
What is the site of spinal fusion in scoliosis
study?
3rd lumbar vertebrae
These are often used to differentiate
primary from compensatory curves.
Bending Studies
Functions of the Vertebral Column:
it encloses and protects the spinal cord;
it acts as a support for the trunk;
it supports the skull superiorly; and
it provides for attachment for the deep muscles of the back and the rib laterally.
It provides a standardized reference point
from which to center the sacrum and coccyx
ASIS
Articulation between articulation process of
the vertebral arches
Zygapophyseal joint
most superior occupying the region of the neck.
Cervical vertebrae (7)
also atypical because it is slightly modified to join the thoracic spine.
7th cervical vertebra
forms the central axis of the skeleton and is centered in the mid-sagittal plane of the posterior part of the trunk.
vertebral column or spine
lies in the dorsal or posterior portion of the thorax.
Thoracic vertebrae (12)
occupying the region of the loin.
Lumbar vertebrae (5)
located in the pelvic region.
Sacral vertebrae (5)
convexity anteriorly
Lordotic curve
terminal vertebrae also in the pelvic region.
Coccygeal vertebrae
concavity anteriorly or convexity posteriorly
Kyphotic curve
re termed the true or movable vertebrae because they remain distinct throughout life
upper three regions
The pelvic segment in the two lower regions are called WHAT THAT because of the change they undergo in adults.
false or fixed vertebrae
Abnormal lateral curvature of the vertebral column is called
Scoliosis.
between the two vertebral bodies. Cartilaginous symphysis joints which is slightly movable.
Intervertebral joints
between articulation processes of the vertebral arches. Synovial gliding joints which is freely movable.
Zygapophyseal joints
anterior arch of the atlas that rotate around the dens of the axis. Synovial gliding and synovial pivot articulations. Lateral side (2) synovial, freely movable
Medial(1-Dens)- pivot, freely movable
Atlantoaxial joint
between the atlas and occipital bone. Synovial ellipsoidal joints.
Atlanto-occipital joints
between the tubercle of the ribs and the transverse process of the thoracic vertebrae.Synovial gliding articulation, freely movable.
Costotransverse joints
between the heads of the ribs and bodies of the thoracic vertebrae. Synovial gliding, freely movable
Costovertebral joints
articulations between the ribs and transverse process of the thoracic vertebra
Costo-transverse
between the sacrum and two ilia.
Sacroiliac joints
other called for Dens
odontoid process
articulations between the ribs and vertebra
Costo-vertebral
Articulations between the articular two processes, the inferior articular process and superior articular process
Zygapophyseal articluation
Eye of scottie dog signis
pedicle
what region for Kyphotic curve
thoracic and pelvic region
what region for Lordotic curve
cervical and lumbar region
why Atlas and axis cannot seen in ap projection?
natatakpan ng facial bone particular in mandible
1.The parietals and the occipital meet at the
-LAMBDOIDAL SUTURE
2.This forms the only freely moveable joint in the head.
-TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT
3.help to form the orbits.
-LACRIMAL
4.known as Radiographic Baseline
-ORBITO MEATAL LINE
5.what part of the bone ung sa PA Axial Proj kemerut (perpendicular exit to
nasion)
-FRONTAL BONE
6.protective frame of bone around the brain
-CRANIAL BONE
- What central ray is utilized in AP axial projection of the cranium
-15 DEGREES CEPHALAD
7.CR for cranium lateral projection:
-2 INCHES SUPERIOR TO EAM
difference of central ray in cranium: AP AXIAL TOWNE METHOD
-7 DEGREES
9.most important marker of skull
-NASION
WHAT LINE SHOULD BE PARALLEL TO THE IR WHEN PERFORMING
SUBMENTO-VERTICAL PROJECTION?
-INFRAORBITO MEATAL LINE
11.what central ray is utilized in AP Axial towne method to demonstrate the entire foramen
magnum?
40-60 degrees to OML
20-25 degrees caudal through the mid
orbits
-SUPERIOR ORBITAL FISSURE
13.known as the Reids Base line
-INFRAORBITO MEATAL LINE
16.-what line is perpendicular in lateral projection of the cranium?
-INTERPUPILLARY LINE
15.what central ray is utilized in AP Axial towne method if the OML is perpendicular to the IR?
- 30 DEGREES CAUDAL
18.protrusion at the back of the skull.
-INION
typical cranium/normal or average.
-MESOCEPHALIC
It connects the bilateral superior border of the orbit.
-GLABELLA
20.Sub-nasal point which is the reference point for waters projection.
-ACANTHION
21.the upper jaw bones
-MAXILLA
22.-knows as the soft spot of the baby’s head?
-FONTANELLES
24.what method in cranium PA Axial Projection, CR is 15 degrees caudal
-PA CALDWELL
Protective frame of bone around the brain
-CRANIAL BONE
25.perpendicular to 0 degrees (PA Axial Projection)
-PETROUS PYRAMID
