pprelim and midterm in r4dc0n Flashcards
Two terms that summarize the major functions of the
digestive tract.
. Digestion: Absorption
Involuntary muscle action that propels swallowed
food along the GIT.
Peristalsis
t or f. The stomach is where most of nutrient absorption
occurs.
False
The structure that separates the sublingual that
separates the sublingual and submandibular salivary
glands
Stylohyoid muscle
Salivary gland that is most frequent site of neoplasm
among others.
Parotid
In sialography, which is NOT true for the
submentovertical position?
It is used to capture a
lateral projection of the area of concern
Which of the following are technically not part of the
GIT.
liver
Contrast media for sialography
Lipiodol F
T OR F. In nasopharyngography, the patient is instructed to
swallow while CM is being instilled to promote even
spreading of the liquid CM.
F
T OR F. The passage of solids and liquids in the esophagus
results to aspiration (pagkasamid).
F
In sialography, what is the general term used to refer
to substances that induce salivary, sometimes used to
make duct orifices visible?
Sialogogue
T OR F Two (2) mL of Aqueous Dionosil is usually enough
for CM examinations in the nasopharynx.
F
t or f. The Eustachian tubes can be studied using
nasopharyngography.
T
T OR F. The larynx is anterior to the laryngopharynx, but the
oropharynx is generally superior to the larynx.
T
T OR F. The esophagus connects the pharynx to the
stomach.
T
The Valsava maneuver is an action performed by
the patient for laryngographic techniques. The
maneuver is characterized by ___ in the ___.
Forceful
effort: chest and belly
Dionosil is dripped slowly using pharyngeal syringe
over the back of the tongue during inspiration. This is
procedure for:
bronchography
It is commonly known as the “voice box”
Larynx
In esophagography , the starving time for infants is
__ hours.
2-3
Which of the following require topical anaesthetic in
its preparation?
Laryngography
The esophagus has how many sphincters?
2
Following surgery, a patient reports pain in the
chest area and difficulty swallowing. It is believed that
esophageal perforation resulted from the surgery.
Which of the following is true?
Esophagography should
not be performed as CM would leak into body cavities
A patient is experiencing dysphagia and the doctor
wants to see if the esophagus is compressed
extrinsically. Which of the following is the more
appropriate method?
Single Contrast Study
T OR F. The entire esophagus usually spans from the 6th
thoracic vertebra (5-6 inches).
T
You are asked to prepare 5 oz. of thick barium
solution for mucosal esophagography. What preparation will you most likely make?
4 oz, BaSO4, 1
oz. Water
In the Trendelenburg position , fluids in the
patient’s body (including CM) would tend to go:
Superior
There are 2 phases n studying the esophagus. Which
one is used to approximate the length of the
esophagus?
Filling Phase
T OR F. Barium sulfate was introduced by Bachem and
Gunther in 1896.
F
T OR F. Barium and Iodine preparations are the most
common positive contrast media due to their high
atomic numbers of 57 and 52 respectively.
F
T OR F. Contrast agents are pharmaceuticals that increase
the information content of diagnostic image.
T
T OR . Positive contrast media are substances having a
higher atomic number that surrounding tissues and
usually appear radiolucent (dark) in the radiograph.
F
T OR F. Iodine-based contrast media are usually classified as
either ionic or non-ionic.
T
T OR F. Vials are made of glass with constricted neck by a
colored ring that snaps off to open it.
F
T OR F. Telebrix is an example of an ionic contrast medium.
F
T OR F. Barium sulfate can be prepared as a stable
suspension.
T
A radiographic method of demonstrating certain
anatomical features with instillation of a substance to
produce structural contrast.
Radiologic Contrast
Examination
This modification overcomes the problem of
demonstrating pylorus and the bulb for pancreatic pathology e.g. mass,
cancer, pancreatitis.
Poppel’s
Most commonly used negative contrast agent.
Room air
Most important variable of a barium suspension
that is expressed in weight per volume (wt./vol).
Concentration
Which of the following does not use 14x17 film?
One hour delayed film
T OR F. Ionic contrast media that have lower osmolarity tend
to have less side-effects.
F
T OR F. The higher the viscosity of the solution, the longer it
will take for the contrast media to be diluted by blood
to diagnostically useful concentrations.
T
It is a measure of the fluidity of a solution, or how
easily it flows
Viscosity
Using a small amount of positive contrast medium
to coat the mucosal surface of a hollow organ followed
by distention with air.
Double Contrast Studies
this refers to shear stress with different rates of
BaSO4 coated on bowel lumen.
Thixotropy
CM that has lower osmolarity and tend to have less
side-effects.
Non-ionic Contrast Media
Most commonly-used positive CM in
Gastrointestinal tract.
Barium Sulfate
With what position is the scout film performed?
AP Recumbent
A pharmacist who introduced Barium sulfate in
1896.
Fritz Munk
Single or multi-dose glass container with a rubber
seal at the top containing liquid or powder forms of a
drug.
Vials
Consider the following:
I. The projection used for the FILLING of the
fundus is Right Lateral
II. For a DOUBLE CONTRAST STUDY of the
fundus use LAO/RPO
I and ii are both true
What position is the mucosal phase of the stomach
taken in?
PA Recumbent
In a practical simulation exam, how will you orient
the patient in order to achieve the position that ensures
that the bulb of the stomach and vertebra will NOT be
overlapping in the X-Ray view?
Elevate right side of the
body while supine
What position should you take the one hour-delayed
film in?
Supine
Film used to determine how much the barium has
emptied/remained in the stomach.
One-hour Delayed
Film
This modification overcomes the problem of
demonstrating pylorus and the bulb for hypersthenic
patients
Gordon’s
This projection offers the best depiction of the
pyloru-bulbar area: filling of pylorus, bulb and the
duodenum.
R Lateral
What projection is the esophagus part of UGIS
performed in?
LAO/RPO Upright
20 DEGREES
14. Which modification is described by the illustration?
Gugliantinni’s
Special radiographic examination performed with full
supervision of the surgeon-in-charge.
Barium enema
reduction of intussusception
Which of the following aspecs are DIFFERENT for
Gordon’s modification and Gugliantini’s modification
(Choose TWO)
Tube angulation and Body
proportion/age of patient (Adult/Infant)
One of the patients you will meet today for colon
examination has been known to be currently suffering
appendicitis. What is the correct thing to realize?
Determine/evaluate first the severity of the condition
(acute or not), and decide accordingly
The height of an enema relative to the patients’ body
when inserting a catheter.
2 ft
Reference point for a Barium Enema.
Mid-iliac spine
It is the surgical opening in the colon serving some or
all of the function of anus.
Colostomy
If you were asked to prepare 50 mL of barium milk
for an infant’s UGIS, what composition should you
prepare?
25 mL milk, 25 mL barium
Right colic flexure is also called.
Hepatic flexure
In Barium enema procedure, the barium travels
towards the _____ side/aspect of the body before
passing the splenic flexure. After passing the splenic
flexure, the barium is travelling towards the ____
side/aspect of the body.
Superior/right
The Butterfly positions in the Filling Phase of
overhead procedure in Barium Enema involves what
two projections?
LPO, AP Axial Oblique
In Sim’s position, the body of the patient is
positioned.
Lying on the side
Which important modification in Barium enema
demonstrates a direct lateral view of rectosigmoid with
overlapping it?
Robin’s
In barium enema, which of the following is an
advantage of fluoroscopy.
. To be able to regulate the
flow of barium
Example of laxative used to evacuate the intestinal
contents.
Bisacodyl tablets
In Fletcher’s modification, central ray (CR) is
directed to the body at what angle?
30-35, cranially
This is done to know how much barium is retained in
the colon.
Post evacuation film
Which one is not a variation of the colon?
Redundant ileum
As a precaution to an actively bleeding colon, which
of the following must be followed.
None of the above
Which Barium enema MODIFICATION is emplyoed
where patient is instructed to sit well back on the table, lean directly and stabilize his position by grasping his
ankle with his hands?
Chassard-LaPine’s
In barium enema, the position of the patient in
Robin’s modification is.
Left lateral
Most proximal part of the small intestine.
Duodenum
. In Barium Enema contraindications, which of the
following is true?
If colonoscopy follows the
examination , use gastrografin instead of barium
Which is a requirement for a post-evacuation film?
The patient expelling most barium but retaining some
T OR F. Intussusceptions are more frequent in children than
in adults.
T
The structure that is the most distinct feature of the
cecum
Appendix
Approximate length of the rectum.
4.5 inches
In Barium enema using fluoroscopy, certain
important “events” best signal the taking of film
exposures; that is, the projections are done after certain
important “times” have occurred. What are these
“events”/”times”?
Filling of “corners” such as hepatic
flexure, sigmoid colon, etc.
Which of the following is true:
To ensure that the small intestine is empty
during examination, the patient should be
instructed to:
Have light supper the night before the examination and take purgatives before bedtime
Your instructor asked if you remember the position of
the patient before you left., you should be able to guess
the position the patient is lying on from your knowledge
of SIS using fluoroscopy. What is this position?
Lying on
his right
What are the difference/s between Billing’s and
Oppenheimer’s modification?
Tube angulation,
Reference point
One of the reason the supine position is
recommended in Small Intestinal Series is for the good
demonstration of the “C-loop”. Which part is being
referenced?
Duodenum
In SIS, the patient has been given a mixture of barium
and gas-producing tablets for double contrast study.
How many tablets should the patient ingest for said
examination?
40
What was the patient injected with and was it for?
Anticholinergic drug; In order to relax the muscles of
the GIT
What must have happened at around the radiologist
to end the waiting period and inject the patient?
She must have seen I the display that the duodenal loop has
been sufficiently coated
It is a radiographic examination of the nasopharynx
following instillation of contrast medium to investigate
carcinoma, lymphosarcoma, etc.
Nasopharyngography
Even though you cannot confirm for yourself because
you left, at what time do you suppose the patient was
instructed to start doing the various positions for the
projections (AP, LAO, RPO, etc.)?
Around 2:45 pm
Reference point of the AP Projection in conventional
SIS.
. 2-3 inches above iliac crest
Salivary duct of the submandibular glands.
Wharton’s
Duct
This examination is used to demonstrate the whole of
the small bowel from the duodenojejunal flexure to the
ileocecal valve using 60 to 500 mL BaSO4 suspension.
Small Intestinal Series
It is forced expiration against a closed glottis after the
patient has taken a deep breath.
Valsava’s maneuver
Entire length of esophagus.
8-10 inches
Largest of the salivary glands that extend from
zygoma to the angle of mandible.
Parotid
Reference point for any of the projections in
esophagography or barium swallow.
T6
. Contrast medium for laryngography.
Dionosil
Disorders of unknown cause of lacrimal and salivary
glands leading to the drying of eyes and mouth.
Xerostomia
It is a condition wherein there is a abnormal
relaxation of gastro-esophageal junction.
Chalasia
The best projection to demonstrate the entire length
of the esophagus free from superimposition from the
vertebral column.
Right Anterior Oblique
Contrast medium used in Sialography.
Lipiodol ‘F
Position where the head is lower than the feet by
approximately 15-20 degrees.
Trendelenburg
It is placed in the mouth to promote secretion from
the salivary glands and so render the orifice visible.
Sialogogue
. In sialography of parotid glands, aside from AP and
Lateral projection which other projection will the tube
be angulated at 20 degrees cephalad?
Lateral Oblique
The orifice of this salivary gland is at the base of the
frenulum of the tongue.
Submandibular Gland
) Exocrine function of the testes
SPERM PRODUCTION
Endocrine function of the ovaries
ESTROGEN, PROGESTERONE
PRODUCTION
Which of the following is not a projection for
vesiculography
POSTERANTERIOR
A surgical operation in the male
reproductive system involving the vas
deferens
VASECTOMY
In vesiculography, what projection is the preliminary film taken in
ANTEROPOSTERIOR
In taking the oblique projection in
vesiculography, how should be the ducts injected with contrast media relative to exposure?
ONE AT A TIME BEFORE EXPOSURE
In vesiculography, what is the maximum amount of CMinjectedoverall in both (two) ducts
4 ML
A walnut-sized gland located between the urinary bladder andthepenis
PROSTATE
Which of the following does not contribute fluid to the semen?
VAS DEFERENS
Angulation for prostatography
20-25 DEGREES CRANIALLY
Radiographic examination of uterus and uterine tubes
HYSTEROSALPINGOGRAPHY
Which is not CM for
hysterosalpingography
BARIUM SULFATE
Patient position during
hysterosalpingography pre-insertion of
injection cannula
LITHOTOMY
Best vangiography film projection for
demonsrating low vaginorectal fistulas
LATERAL
Which of the following does not refer to or describe vaginography
BEST USED TO EXAMINE THE UTERUS
Which is true about timing the
gyneccological examinations inwomenwith
respect to the menstrual cycle
IT SHOULD BE DONE AT THE MIDDLE OFTHE CYCLE
Which best describes a path of wastes
filtered from the blood by the kidney?
minor calyx -> major calyx -> renal pelvis
This urological examination is mainly in the investigation of strictures, diverticulum, or false passages in the male urethra.
URETHROGRAPHY
What is the position of Fowler’s
modification?
Head is higher than feet by approximately 35-40
) It means that the CM is introduced against the natural flow
= RETROGRADE
Maximum capacity of the urinary bladder in adults
= 700-1000 mL
On what level of the vertebra lies the most INFERIOR part of the kidney?
3RD LUMBAR (L3)
The most superior part of the kidney lies in what level of the vertebra?
12TH THORACIC (T12)
It is a distensible muscular reservoir
situated on the floor of pelvis anteriorly
URINARY BLADDER
Average length of normal kidney
4 inches
Umbradil viscous is the CM used for which
examination
URETHROGRAPHY
Post-voiding film is also called
POST-MICTURATING FILM
Surgical removal of kidney
= NEPHRECTOMY
Drip Infusion is also called?
GRAVITY METHOD IVP
Which is not an instrumental method of
urography
INTRAVENOUS PYELOGRAPH
The gall bladder is hollow and consists of
a body, fundus, and neck
= TRUE
Which kinds of foods mainly triggers the
biliary system?
fatty foods
Contrast media used in Intravenous
pyelography?
HYPAQUE
) Common referenee point for examinations
in the hepatobiliary system
= GALLBLADDER
Removal of the gall bladder
CHOLECYSTECTOMY
Contrast media used for Endoscopic
Retrograde Choledocho-Pancreatography
CONRAY 280
Amount of CM for sensitivity testing
(urinary)
1 cc
This is a combined examination of the gall
bladder and the upper gastrointestinal tract
using positive contrast media
CHOLE-GI SERIES
Radiographic study intravenously
administered; radiographic dye is concentrated
by liver and secreted into the bile
iINTRAVENOUS CHOLANGIOGRAPHY
Biliary tract examination done in x-ray
department where tube is placed for the
drainage of the bile and remaining stones in
the ducts
T-TUBE CHOLANGIOGRAPHY
Which Contrast Media does not belong to Intravenous Cholangiography
HYPAQUE
In vesiculography, what projection is later
taken after anteroposterior projection?
oblique
The mature follicle that ovulates is referred
to as
Graafian follicle
Which of the following does not refer to or
describe vesiculography?
perform post-operation, before
vasectomy
Angulation for vesiculography
15 DEGREES CAUDALLY
Most common form of cancer in men
PROSTATE CANCER
Exocrine function of the ovaries.
OVA PRODUCTION
Which best describes a path of wastes
filtered from the blood by the kidney?
minor calyx -> major calyx -> renal pelvis
this is urological examination is mainly in the invstigation of structures, diverticulm , or false passages in the male urethra
URETHROGRAPHY
What is the position of Fowler’s
modification?
Head is higher than feet by approximately
35-40°
It means that the CM is introduced against
the natural flow
= RETROGRADE
Maximum capacity of the urinary bladder in
adults
700-1000 mL
On what level of the vertebra lies the most
INFERIOR part of the kidney?
= 3RD LUMBAR (L3)
The most superior part of the kidney lies in
what level of the vertebra?
= 12TH THORACIC (T12)
) It is a distensible muscular reservoir
situated on the floor of pelvis anteriorly
URINARY BLADDER
Average length of normal kidney
= 4 inches
Umbradil viscous is the CM used for which
examination
= URETHROGRAPHY
Post-voiding film is also called
POST-MICTURATING FILM
Surgical removal of kidney
NEPHRECTOMY
Drip Infusion is also called?
GRAVITY METHOD IVP
Which is not an instrumental method of
urography
IVP
The gall bladder is hollow and consists of
a body, fundus, and neck.
TRUE
Contrast media used in Intravenous
pyelography?
HYPAQUE
Which kinds of foods mainly triggers the
biliary system?
FATTY FOODS
Common referenee point for examinations
in the hepatobiliary system
GALLBLADDER
Removal of the gall bladder
CHOLECYSTECTOMY
Contrast media used for Endoscopic
Retrograde Choledocho-Pancreatography
CONRAY 280
Amount of CM for sensitivity testing
(urinary)
1 cc
This is a combined examination of the gall
bladder and the upper gastrointestinal tract
using positive contrast media
chole-gi series
Radiographic study intravenously
administered; radiographic dye is concentrated
by liver and secreted into the bile
= INTRAVENOUS CHOLANGIOGRAPHY
Biliary tract examination done in x-ray
department where tube is placed for the
drainage of the bile and remaining stones in
the ducts
T-TUBE CHOLANGIOGRAPHY
Which Contrast Media does not belong to
Intravenous Cholangiography
HYPAQUE
Which event related to the respiratory
system is associated with what we call
“breathing”?
= PULMONARY VENTILATION
At what respiration event do cells of the
body (systemic) receive oxygen?
INTERNAL RESPIRATION
In Bronchography, ____ is used to dry up
the bronchial, nasopharyngeal, and bccal
secretions while __ is used for sedation
ATROPHINE, OMNOPON
The examination is performed mainly in the
investigation of bronchiectasis and tumors of
the lungs.
BRONCHOGRAPHY
Why do you think is physiotherapy needed
for patient preparation in bronchography?
TO ENABLE THE RELAXATION OF
MUSCLES IN ESOPHAGUS
Aside from aqueous Aside from aqueous Dionosil, which of the
following is used in Bronchography?
OILY DIONOSIL
In bronchography, what is the physical
maneuver of the patient when the exposures
are being taken?
ARRESTED INSPIRATION
When a patient to undergo Bronchography
has bronchiectasis, which of the following is
the correct modification to the CM dose
(Dionosil)?
ADDITIONAL 1-3 mL
In transnasal bronchography, in which order
are the lungs filled with contrast media?
LOWER LOBE FIRST, UPPER LOBE LAST
In bronchography, how should the patient
breathe during injection of CM so as to draw
CM to the periphery of the lung?
The patient should breathe slowly and
calmly
Which of the choices makes the following
statement true: Percutaneous lung biopsy is
____ for patients with severe generalized lung
disease with pulmonary hypertension on
artificial ventilators.
CONTRAINDICATED
In bronchography (including lung biopsy),
which of the following is not specified as a
cause for concern post-examination?
DEVELOPMENT OF HYDROTHORAX
Endocrine function of the testes.
TESTOSTERONE PRODUCTION
Exocrine function of the ovaries.
OVA PRODUCTION
Most common form of cancer in men.
PROSTATE CANCER
Which of the following does not refer to or
describe vesiculography?
perform post-operation, before
vasectomy
Angulation for vesiculography
15 DEGREES CAUDALLY
The mature follicle that ovulates is referred
to as
Graafian follicle
) In vesiculography, what projection is later
taken after anteroposterior projection?
= OBLIQUE
) In vesiculography, what is the range of the
amount of contrast media that can be injected
in one duct?
1.5-2 mL
Radiologic examination best used to
investigate infertility in women.
HYSTEROSALPINGOGRAPHY
In hysterosalpingography, why is it
important to undergo examination mid-cycle
(menstruation)?
To minimize the possibility of irradiating
unrecognized pregnancy
When should a female to undergo
hysterosalpingography take aperients?
The three nights before examination (tho
2 nights lang sa notes)
Best vaginography film projection for
demonstrating low vaginorectal fistulas
LATERAL
) In vaginography, this projection is best for
fistulas communications with the sigmoid and
or ileum
OBLIQUE
Which event related to the respiratory systemin describing the movement of air in and out of the lungs
PULMONARY VENTILATION
Carbon dioxide and other wastes from the blood diffuse into the alveolar space while oxygen from the alveolar space diffuse to the blood. Which event in respiration is being described
EXTERNAL RESPIRATION
Which of the following does not describe trans nasal/cricothyroid bronchography?
DONE TO OBTAIN LUNG TISSUE SPECIMEN
Bronchography method of CM delivery where catheter is inserted in the nose, through the nasal cavity, and into the trachea
TRANS NASAL METHOD
Inserting the catheter into the trachea through the mouth using laryngoscopy is another way of performing bronchoscopy
TRUE
A method of CM delivery in bronchography where the CM is injected via a special needle inserted in the area of the larynx, it requires local anesthetic
CRICOTHYROID METHOD
For preparation of patient in bronchography physiotherapy (postural
drainage, percussion) and intake of atropine is involved. This indicates that a ____ respiratory tract is desired for bronchography.
MUCUS FILLED
In bronchography which dose of dionosil is correct for an adult without
bronchiectasis
30 ML OVERALL (BOTH LUNGS)
By convention, which lung is usually filled first with contrast media in bronchography
RIGHT
In bronchography, aftercare measures include not letting the patient eat or drink for at least 3 hours
TO AVOID ACCIDENTAL ASPIRATION FROM FOOD/DRINKS DUE TO ANESTHETIC AFFECTS
For bronchography, which of the following are the views for preliminary films?
ANTEROPOSTERIOR, LATERAL VIEWS
In bronchography, CM remaining in the lung’s after the examination
SHOULD BE EXPELLED BY COUGHING
For SELECTIVE bronchography, which of the following are the views to
be taken?
ANTEROPOSTERIOR, OBLIQUE VIEWS
The purpose of this respiratory system examination is to obtain specimens of lung tissue for bacteriogical and histological analysis
PERCUTANEOUS LUNG BIOPSY
Which of the following does not describe or refer to percutaneous lung
biopsy?
THE CATHETER IS PASSED THROUGH THE NOSE INTO THE NASOPHARYNX AND INTO THE TRACHEA
Which of the following is the main concern after performing percutaneous lung biopsy to a patient?
DEVELOPMENT OF PNEUMOTHORAX
Which of the following is true?
BILE PRODUCED BY THE PANCEAS AND LIVER IS STORED IN GB
Which of the following is NOT a function of the hepatobiliary system?
PRODUCTION AND TRANSPORTATION OF BILE
Contrast media used in intravenous cholangiography?
BILOGRAFIN
Time it takes for CM to reach the gallbladder in IV method
10 MINUTES
The yellowish discoloration of the body is due to excess ___ in the blood which can be cause ___
BILIRUBIN; OBSTRUCTIVE CHOLELITHIASIS
The path of CM in intravenous cholangiography?
VEIN to BLOOD CIRCULATION to HEPATIC ARTERY to LIVER to GALLBLADDER
A patient with normal built was to undergo Oral Cholecystography the next day. They ate a light dinner at pm today in preparation for tomorrow’s cxamination. They were already prescribed and given a number of Telepaque tablets (double dose). If the tablets must be started to be taken 3 hours after the last meal,
answer the tollowing questions:
7) What time would be the patient start ingesting telepaque tablets?
10 PM
What time the next day (examination day) will the contrast media preparation most definitely no longer be valid?
11 AM
The patient would have performed correct procedure if:
THE EVENING MEAL IS NON-FATTY AND NO BREAKFAST NEXT DAY
The path of CM in oral cholecystography?
SMALL INTESTINE to ABSORPTION to PORTAL VEIN to LIVER to GB
What procedures is absolutely and necessarily a prerequisite to T-tube cholangiography?
BILIARY SURGERY
This examination is especially performed selectively for jaundice patients only
PRECUTANEOUS TRANSHEPATIC CHOLEDOCHOGRAPHY
Its purpose is for drainage of the bile and the remaining stones in the ducts.
T-TUBE
In ERCP, why is formation of air bubbles prevented in the CM delivery?
BECAUSE THE AIR BUBBLE CAN BE MISTAKEN AS CALCULI IN THE RADIOGRAPH
What property explains the answer in the previous question? They are both?
RADIOLUCENT
Contrast media common to percutaneous transhepatic choledochography and ERCP?
CONRAY 280
In Intravenous Pyelography, this film is taken immediately after injection. It demonstrates entry of the CM in the collecting system
NEPHROGRAM or NEPHROTOGRAM
In Urography, why is compression of the abdomen necessary when the ureters are being demonstrated?
THE COMPRESSION ENSURES CM TRAVELS SLOWLY IN THE URETERS AND FILLS IT UP
In excretion urography, what structures are usually demonstrated thirty minutes after injection?
BLADDER
Which of the following is different for IVP procedure in HYPERTENSIVE patients?
TAKE 1, 2, AND 3-MINUTE TIME INTERVAL FILMS (AFTER ADMINISTERING CM) ASIDE FROM THE 5 MINUTE FILMS
In double contrast cystography, what volume of CO2 is needed
60-80 mL
what examination should be done to confirm the suspicion that the lesion is a renal cyst?
RENAL PUNCTURE
urethogrpahy is done for examining the male urethra. In one of its modification, double contrast study is performed. What is the negative CM used?
AIR
what is an indication that lesion is probably carcinoma?
BLOOD STAINED CYST FLUID
for an 8 year old weighing 9 kg, how much CM should be ideally administered?
20 mL
For a 5 year old child who weighs 7 kg, how many mL of CM is ideally administered?
14 mL
main CM used in Double Contrast Cystography?
STERIPAQUE
what is the purpose of Trendelenburg modification in Retrogade Pyelourethography?
TO FILL UP THE URETERS
What is not CM of excretion urography?
STERIPAQUE
What is the alternative reference point for urography exams?
UMBILICUS
Fluid restriction is not recommended for patients with renal failure?
TRUE
What is the main difference between traditional IVP and gravity method IVP?
METHOD OF DELIVERY
This procedure is used to drain obstructive kidneys?
RENAL PERCUTANEOUS NEPHROSTOMY
Which of the following is true?
Bile produced from the liver is partly stored in the GB
but mostly go to the duodenum.
Which of the following is NOT a function of the hepatobiliary
system?
Production of cholecystokinin.
Contrast media used in Intravenous Cholangiography.
Bilografin
Time it takes for CM to reach the gallbladder in IV method.
10 minutes
The yellowish discoloration of the body is due to excess __ in
the blood which can be caused by ___.
. Bilirubin; Obstructive cholelithiasis
The path of CM in Intravenous Cholangiography
Vein – blood circulation – hepatic artery – liver
gallbladder
What examination should be done to confirm the suspicion
that the lesion is a renal cyst?
. Renal Puncture
What is the purpose of Trendelenburg modification in
Retrograde Pyeloureterography?
To demonstrate the kidneys
Which is not CM of excretion urography?
Steripaque
What is the main difference between traditional IVP and
Gravity method IVP?
Mode of Delivery
This procedure is used to drain obstructed kidneys.
Renal Puncture Nephrostomy
Who do you think is physiotherapy needed for patient
preparation in bronchography?
TO GET RID OF EXCESS MUCUS
AND SPUTUM
