Racial Beliefs And Policies Flashcards
what were the Aryan race believed to be
- the perfect/superior race
- the ‘master’ race
what was the perfect Aryan like
- blonde hair
- blue eyes
- tall
- athletic
untermenschen
sub-humans
when did Nazis begin racial policy
why
- from 1933
- reduce number of untermenschen
when were the Nuremberg laws
1936
what did the Nuremberg laws ban
marriage and sexual relations with Aryans/non Aryans
what happened to mixed race children under Nuremberg laws
sterilised
order of hierarchy of untermenchen
- the Slavs
- black people
- the ‘Roma’ gypsies
- Jews
policy toward Slavs
- made to feel uncomfortable in German society
- constantly reminded of inferiority
- not many policies
pre-war policies to ‘Roma’ policies
- from 1933: arrested/sent to concentration camps
- 1938: registered/medically examined
what happened if Roma gypsies failed their medical examinations
- tests designed so many failed
- they’d lose German citizenship and could no longer travel
wartime policies to Roma gypsies
- from 1939: told they’d be deported
- from 1940: deported to labour camps, some then sent to Chelmno death camps
- from 1942: Nazis ordered them aall to be deported
how many German gypsies were killed by the end of the war
85%
25% of whole European Roma population
who were the ‘undesireables’
- disabled
- homosexual
- beggars
- socialists
- trade unionists
why were homosexual men sent to concentration camps
to sort their ‘disorder’
why were beggars sent to concentration camps
to do hard labour
what law to do w disabled people was passed under Hitler’s dictatorship
1933 Law for Prevention of Hereditary Diseased Offspring
what happened to disabled people under the Law for Prevention of Hereditary Diseased Offspring
- 300,000 sterilised
- by 1939: Nazis used euthanasia to kill physically/mentally disabled
- 100,000 secretly killed 1939-41
what were Jewish people associated with
- communism
- being wealthy
- blamed for WW1 defeat
why did many people not question the Nazi treatment of Jews
already disliked them
when was antisemitism made legal
in 1935 by Nuremberg laws
what happened to Jews passports in 1939
- J stamped on passports
- Israel (man) or Sarah (woman) added to man
what happened to Jews in terms of work in 1933
Nazis made it hard for them to work
example of how Nazis made it hard for Jews to work
boycotted Jewish businesses
what happened to Jewish people in governemnt
they were fired
what did the Reich law on citizenship state
Jews were no longer allowed to be German citizens and rights were revoked
why were Jews prevented from marrying Germans
the Reich Law For Protection of German Blood And Honour
Kristallnacht
the Night of the Broken Glass
when was Kristallnacht
9th November 1938
what was Kristallnacht a response to
a Jew assassinating a German ambassador in Paris
what happened during Kristallnacht
- the SS organised a series of attacks on Jewish communities
- Jewish homes/businesses/synagogues destroyed
why was Kristallnacht a turning point for Jews
first time they’d been physically harmed, now they had to flee
what were the ghettos
an area of the city soley occupied by Jews separate from the rest of the city
where were the ghettos first built
Poland, 1939
what did many people die from in the ghettos
- starvation
- disease
when did Jews begin to be gassed
December 1941 in Chelmno Death Camp
when was the Final Solution decided
after the Wannsee conference in January 1942
how many death camps built after the Wannsee conference
6 (with gas chambers) in Poland
how many Jews were killed as part of the the Final Solution
60% after 1942
public reaction to the Final Solution
- no one spoke out to help Jews bc they were scared of the Nazis
- many people didn’t know what went on at these camps
