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History: Democracy and Dictatorship//1890-1945 > Racial Beliefs And Policies > Flashcards

Racial Beliefs And Policies Flashcards

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1
Q

what were the Aryan race believed to be

A
  • the perfect/superior race

- the ‘master’ race

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2
Q

what was the perfect Aryan like

A
  • blonde hair
  • blue eyes
  • tall
  • athletic
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3
Q

untermenschen

A

sub-humans

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4
Q

when did Nazis begin racial policy

why

A
  • from 1933

- reduce number of untermenschen

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5
Q

when were the Nuremberg laws

A

1936

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6
Q

what did the Nuremberg laws ban

A

marriage and sexual relations with Aryans/non Aryans

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7
Q

what happened to mixed race children under Nuremberg laws

A

sterilised

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8
Q

order of hierarchy of untermenchen

A
  1. the Slavs
  2. black people
  3. the ‘Roma’ gypsies
  4. Jews
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9
Q

policy toward Slavs

A
  • made to feel uncomfortable in German society
  • constantly reminded of inferiority
  • not many policies
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10
Q

pre-war policies to ‘Roma’ policies

A
  • from 1933: arrested/sent to concentration camps

- 1938: registered/medically examined

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11
Q

what happened if Roma gypsies failed their medical examinations

A
  • tests designed so many failed

- they’d lose German citizenship and could no longer travel

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12
Q

wartime policies to Roma gypsies

A
  • from 1939: told they’d be deported
  • from 1940: deported to labour camps, some then sent to Chelmno death camps
  • from 1942: Nazis ordered them aall to be deported
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13
Q

how many German gypsies were killed by the end of the war

A

85%

25% of whole European Roma population

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14
Q

who were the ‘undesireables’

A
  • disabled
  • homosexual
  • beggars
  • socialists
  • trade unionists
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15
Q

why were homosexual men sent to concentration camps

A

to sort their ‘disorder’

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16
Q

why were beggars sent to concentration camps

A

to do hard labour

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17
Q

what law to do w disabled people was passed under Hitler’s dictatorship

A

1933 Law for Prevention of Hereditary Diseased Offspring

18
Q

what happened to disabled people under the Law for Prevention of Hereditary Diseased Offspring

A
  • 300,000 sterilised
  • by 1939: Nazis used euthanasia to kill physically/mentally disabled
  • 100,000 secretly killed 1939-41
19
Q

what were Jewish people associated with

A
  • communism
  • being wealthy
  • blamed for WW1 defeat
20
Q

why did many people not question the Nazi treatment of Jews

A

already disliked them

21
Q

when was antisemitism made legal

A

in 1935 by Nuremberg laws

22
Q

what happened to Jews passports in 1939

A
  • J stamped on passports

- Israel (man) or Sarah (woman) added to man

23
Q

what happened to Jews in terms of work in 1933

A

Nazis made it hard for them to work

24
Q

example of how Nazis made it hard for Jews to work

A

boycotted Jewish businesses

25
Q

what happened to Jewish people in governemnt

A

they were fired

26
Q

what did the Reich law on citizenship state

A

Jews were no longer allowed to be German citizens and rights were revoked

27
Q

why were Jews prevented from marrying Germans

A

the Reich Law For Protection of German Blood And Honour

28
Q

Kristallnacht

A

the Night of the Broken Glass

29
Q

when was Kristallnacht

A

9th November 1938

30
Q

what was Kristallnacht a response to

A

a Jew assassinating a German ambassador in Paris

31
Q

what happened during Kristallnacht

A
  • the SS organised a series of attacks on Jewish communities

- Jewish homes/businesses/synagogues destroyed

32
Q

why was Kristallnacht a turning point for Jews

A

first time they’d been physically harmed, now they had to flee

33
Q

what were the ghettos

A

an area of the city soley occupied by Jews separate from the rest of the city

34
Q

where were the ghettos first built

A

Poland, 1939

35
Q

what did many people die from in the ghettos

A
  • starvation

- disease

36
Q

when did Jews begin to be gassed

A

December 1941 in Chelmno Death Camp

37
Q

when was the Final Solution decided

A

after the Wannsee conference in January 1942

38
Q

how many death camps built after the Wannsee conference

A

6 (with gas chambers) in Poland

39
Q

how many Jews were killed as part of the the Final Solution

A

60% after 1942

40
Q

public reaction to the Final Solution

A
  • no one spoke out to help Jews bc they were scared of the Nazis
  • many people didn’t know what went on at these camps

History: Democracy and Dictatorship//1890-1945 (11 decks)

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