Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ASA 001 > Race and Labor in Hawaii > Flashcards

Race and Labor in Hawaii Flashcards

1
Q

HI

A
  • annexed as US territory in 1898 (also when Philippines and Guam)
  • prior, was an independent queendom
  • became the last US state in 1959
  • HI incorporated into US econ as ag producer, esp sugar
  • sugar was a major cash crop in HI with major labor requirements
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Oligarchy

A
  • political and economic power concentrated in the hands of a very few
  • led by Haoles (Haole Oligarchy)
  • Haole took on racial classification as oligarchy made up of European Americans who were leaving whaling industries or were New England missionaries/their descendants
  • Haoles inserted themselves into power structures of HI monarchy
  • elite, few in number, sugar plantation owners
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Haole

A
  • means “without bread”
  • connotes a stranger, without families or ties to the land – an outsider
  • wasn’t initially a racial position until oligarchy formed
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Privy Council

A
  • how European Americans got economic and political power as advisors and agents of HI monarchy
  • Privy Council was imported by oligarchy; claimed HI needed foreigners to advise the monarchy
  • claimed loyalty to the king, but was just gaining power
  • focused on foreign policy and privatization of land (critical for control)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The Great Mahele (1848) Under Kamehameha III

A
  • redistribution of lands
  • introduces land ownership to HI for the first time
  • Kamehameha thought it was a way to keep foreign pressures away from HI
  • he thought Hawaiian people owning the land would help them improve their financial situations and therefore the HI economy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Land Privatization Impacts

A
  • critical for control in HI was control over land
  • Hawaiians didn’t understand privatization of land bcs previously, all land was communal
  • they didn’t understand the laws governing land ownership
  • this broke the traditional connection to land
  • oligarchy got land instead, and native HI were dispossessed of their land
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Settler Colonialism

A
  • settling on native people’s lands and eliminating the native
  • a form of imperialism (takeover of territory, appropriation of resources, exploitation of labor, etc.)
  • oligarchy took ownership of land and eliminated HI cultural practices, traditions, and language
  • alienated Hawaiians from society
  • also, a lot of Hawaiians died because of the diseases that the Haoles brought with them
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Sugar Importance

A
  • major demand for sugar
  • sugar produced in HI, Caribbean, Louisiana
  • HI entered capitalist global market bcs of sugar
  • demand for sugar facilitated sugar plantation growth in HI
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Bayonet Constitution (HI Constitution of 1887)

A
  • forced on HI by economic powers (oligarchy) and US government
  • limits legislation by limiting voters to white people
  • AAs have no power to vote
  • shifts power from HI monarchy to white oligarchy
  • leads to overthrow of HI monarchy in 1893
  • oligarchy now has economic and political power
  • Queen Liliuokalani protests overthrow as illegal when she writes to US gov’t
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Hawaiian Sugar Planters Association (HSPA)

A
  • William Hooper created 1st sugar plantation in 1835 and experimented w/ different labor types
  • whaling industry paves way for sugar plantations and labor needs
  • plantation-based economy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Sugar Production: Sugar is King

A
  • sharp contrast to CA situation
  • CA has abundant different crop types w/ different growing seasons and regions
  • HI only has sugar, a cash crop
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Hawaiian Shirt Stereotype

A
  • associated w/ leisure, relaxation, paradise, diverse celebration of culture from mainland’s perspective
  • this is a segmented history
  • under the surface is the history of settler colonialism, criminalization of HI cultural practices, enforcing settlers’ edu, alienating HI from the land
  • destruction of native HI economic and political autonomy
  • Asian American settlers’ complicity in maintaining settler colonialism power imbalance
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

HI as a Naval Foothold

A
  • the only naval foothold for US as they go to Guam and Philippines
  • important strategic position
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

HSPA

A
  • represents 5 major sugar production companies
  • descendants of missionaries are plantation owners
  • Dole (the pineapple guy) holds a bunch of power
  • need for cheap labor, and HI natives seen as ill-suited for dictates of new capitalist economy bcs they continue to live off the land and cannot be disciplined the way he wanted them to
  • native HI population also decimated by disease
  • president of predecessor of HSPA said to use “coolie” labor
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

“Constant Surveillance”

A
  • hallmark of sugar plantation work
  • regimented system of labor
  • couldn’t talk while working, had to keep backs bent to show you were working
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Asians as the Labor Force

A
  • some Puerto Ricans and Portuguese, but these were too expensive; often became lunas
  • Asians were seen as labor force that could be disciplined
  • a lot of Asians were looking to escape instability of their home countries
  • brought some Koreans, but this was abruptly halted in 1905
  • Filipinos were the last group to arrive
  • Asian-dominated and highly-populated sugar plantations in HI
17
Q

Abolitionist Perspectives

A
  • new ways of knowing and being within structures of power and domination
  • “to restore both the criminal and victim to full humanity and to lives of integrity and dignity in the community”
18
Q

HI vs. CA

A
  • Asian majority population in HI
  • on US mainland, migrant labor employers didn’t want the laborers to have families bcs they moved around too much
  • store owners had families because those built up the ethnic economy
  • in HI, it was very settled and family life was a central aspect of life (All I Asking)
  • more even sex ratio in HI
  • facilitated plantation owners’ control because they needed a reliable, stable workforce that was content and able to be controlled
19
Q

Exclusion Movements

A
  • Asians on US mainland were targets of exclusion movements, such as the Chinese Exclusion Act
  • makes Asians the scapegoats for the flaws and shortcomings of the capitalist system (race is used as a wedge to divide and conquer working class)
  • in HI, no white working-class exclusion movement bcs Asian population was majority
  • structures of production create own structures of control
  • planters depend on Asian laborers
  • the true enemy is capitalism and capitalist owners
20
Q

Contract Labor System

A
  • recruiters in Asia (often missionaries connected to HI missionaries)
  • plantations paid for passage to HI, and workers sign contract to work on plantations for 3-5 yrs and pay off passage during that time from their wages
  • plantation owners provided food, edu, and meds for kids
  • hard to get out of debt bcs costs kept piling up
21
Q

Indentured Servitude

A
  • unfree labor: shadow slaver
  • free labor: you can leave jobs you don’t want
  • indentured servitude: period of service under contract
  • you can’t leave if unhappy w/ terms of contract
  • if you can’t pay off your passage, contract is easily extended
22
Q

Lunas

A
  • lunas ensured workers kept working and used whips to ensure compliance
  • shielded plantation owners from dealing w/ workers
  • discontent shifted from plantation owners to middlemen/lunas
  • lunas often Portuguese, Puerto Rican, native HI
  • once again an attempt to divide the working class
23
Q

Stoop Labor

A
  • 5am-4:30pm 6 days/week
  • “stoop labor”: Asians seen as naturally inclined for stoop labor bcs they’re shorter
24
Q

Racial and Ethnic Hierarchy in Work

A
  • divided along race and nationality
  • skilled labor positions only for Americans or those able to become citizens
  • unskilled labor positions were majority Asians, Puerto Ricans, Portuguese, native HIs
25
Q

Racial and Ethnic Hierarchy in Housing

A
  • also a way to keep workers divided and prevent them from coming together under class interests and overthrowing the system
  • made sure they were all suspicious of each other
  • kept each ethnicity in separate housing camps
26
Q

Paternalism

A
  • what plantation owners and lunas would use
  • pretending to care and take care of the workers as long as the workers are compliant and obedient
  • if disobedient, you were fined, and this sunk you further into debt and made your contract that much harder to work off
  • strict discipline goes hand in hand w/ paternalism bcs workers are seen as children who need firm, loving hand of plantation paternalism

ASA 001 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions