Race and Ethnicity Flashcards
Genocide
A form of violent social conflict or war, between armed power organizations that aim to destroyed civilian social groups and those groups and other actors who resist this destruction
Ethnicity
A group of people with shared culture
Minority group
A culturally, ethnically, or racially distinct group that coexists with but is subordinate to a more dominant group
Dominant group
One with the upper hand, power, social status and/or certain privileges
Discrimination
The unfair or prejudicial treatment of people and groups based on characteristics such as race, gender, age, or sexual orientation
Racism
Discrimination and prejudice against people based on their race or ethnicity
Prejudice
The beliefs, thoughts, feelings, and attitudes someone holds about a group
Contact theory
Based on the idea that peaceful and friendly interpersonal contact can help in reducing prejudices between groups and foster better cooperation and friendly relationships
Individual discrimination
The actions of and individual or small group or individuals
Institutional discrimination
Discriminatory treatment of an individual or group of individuals by society or institutions, through unequal consideration or member of subordinate groups
Scapegoat
A social phenomenon whereby members of an aggrieved majority group retaliate against innocent third parties, usually members of vulnerable minority groups
Authoritarian personality
A person who has extreme respect for authority and is more likely to be obedient to those who hold power over them
Split labor market
When a price differential exists between two or more groups of workers able to perform the same work
Reserve labor market
The unemployed and underemployed in capitalist society
Selective perception
the unconscious process by which people screen, select, and notice objects in their environment
Compartmentalize
Defense mechanism in which people mentally separate conflicting thoughts, emotions, or experiences to avoid the discomfort of contradiction
Population transfer
the movement of a large group of people from one region to another by state police or international authority, most frequently on the basis of ethnicity or religion
Ethnic cleansing
The systematic forces removal or ethnic, racial, or religious group from a given area with the intent of making the society ethnically homogenous
Internal colonialism
Economic imbalances within a state, caused by one or more religions of the state taking advantage of other regions
Segregation
Separation of groups of people with differing characteristics, often taken to connote a condition of inequality
Assimilation
The process whereby individual or groups of differing ethnic heritage are absorbed into the dominant culture of a society
Jim Crow Laws
State and local laws introduced in the Southern US in the late 19th and early 20th centuries that enforced racial segregation
Multiculturalism
the acceptance of different cultures in a society and the active support of these cultural differences by both the majority and minority group members
Pluralism
A situation in which people of different social classes, religions, races are together in a society but continue to have their different tradition and interests
WASP
White Anglo-saxon protestant
White privilege
the set of social and economic advantages that white people have by virtue of their race in a culture characterized by racial inequality
White ethnics
People of European descent
Rising expectations
A sociological theory that posits as people experience improvement in their living conditions, they develop higher expectations for their quality of life
