Culture

Question 1

Culture

Answer 1

Shared beliefs, values, and practices, that participants in a society must learn

Question 2

Material culture

Answer 2

The physical objects, resources, and spaces that people use to define their culture

Question 3

Non material culture

Answer 3

Thoughts or ideas that make up a culture

Question 4

Culture shock

Answer 4

Feelings of discomfort occurring when immersed in a new culture

Question 5

Ethnocentricism

Answer 5

Measuring or judging one’s own culture against another culture

Question 6

Cultural relativism

Answer 6

Not judging a culture to our own standards of what is right or wrong, strange or normal

Question 7

Symbolic culture

Answer 7

An experience that signifies a culture

Question 8

Symbol

Answer 8

Anything that carries meaning to a specific group of people or culture

Question 9

Gestures

Answer 9

A form of non-verbal communication in which visible bodily actions communicate particular messages, either in space of speech or together and in parallel with spoken words

Question 10

Language

Answer 10

A symbolic system through which people communicate and through which culture is transmitted

Question 11

Sapir-Whorf hypothesis

Answer 11

The proposal that the particular language one speaks influences the way one thinks about reality

Question 12

Values

Answer 12

the belief that we have about what is important, both to us and to society as a whole

Question 13

Norms

Answer 13

Rules or expectations that are socially enforced

Question 14

Sanctions

Answer 14

The methods that we use to enforce social control

Question 15

Positive sanction

Answer 15

Rewards given for conforming to norms

Question 16

Negative sanction

Answer 16

If someone in a society does not abide by the expected custom or laws, the others in the society find a way to punish him

Question 17

Folkways

Answer 17

A social norm that is developed by social conventions or traditions without the sanctions possessed by other morally significant social norms

Question 18

Mores

Answer 18

The traditional customs and codes of behavior that are typically followed in a place or in a group, but are not codified by law

Question 19

Taboo

Answer 19

A social groups ban, prohibition, or avoidance of something (usually an utterance or behavior) based on the group’s sense that it is excessively repulsive, offensive, sacred, or allowed only for certain people

Question 20

Subculture

Answer 20

Groups that are perceived to deviate from the normative standards of the dominate culture

Question 21

Counterculture

Answer 21

A culture within a larger culture that deliberately challenges or rejects the dominant culture’s behaviors, beliefs, lifestyle, norms, and values

Question 22

Pluralistic society

Answer 22

Where many groups and political parties coexists and have an active role in the governing process

Question 23

Core values

Answer 23

Essential beliefs and principles that lead in individual to act or a company to operate in a certain way

Question 24

Value cluster

Answer 24

Has a range of values and concepts within it

Question 25

Value-contradiction

Answer 25

A value system by its is internally inconsistent or contradictory if its values contradict each other, and its exceptions are highly situational and inconsistently applied

Question 26

Ideal culture

Answer 26

The values, beliefs and norms people desire to achieve

Question 27

Real culture

Answer 27

the actual values, norms, and beliefs of a given society, observed and measured in reality

Question 28

Cultural universe

Answer 28

Concepts, social constructs, or patterns of behavior that are common to all human cultures

Question 29

Sociobiology

Answer 29

The systematic study of the biological basis of social behavior in all organisms, including humans

Question 30

Technology

Answer 30

The application of science to address the problems of daily life

Question 31

New technology

Answer 31

Information and communication technologies based on microelectronics

Question 32

Cultural lag

Answer 32

The phenomenon that occurs when changes in material cultural occur before or at a faster rate than the changes in non-material culture

Question 33

Cultural diffusion

Answer 33

The spread of any element of a culture from one group to a group that does not already have that element in its culture

Question 34

Cultural leveling

Answer 34

Cultures that are growing and becoming more similar to each other