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ACLAM > Rabbit Medicine > Flashcards

Rabbit Medicine Flashcards

1
Q

Name the symbiotic yeast found to line the stomach of rabbits

A

Cyniclomyce guttulatas (Saccharomycopsis guttulata)

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2
Q

Gastric pH juvenile (preweaned rabbits)

A

5.0-6.5

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3
Q

Gastric pH adult rabbit

A

1.0-2.0 (3.0 following ingestion cecotropes)

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4
Q

Common ear mite in rabbits

A

Psoroptes cuniculi

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5
Q

What comprises the GALT in rabbits

A
  1. Peyer’s patches (jejunum and distal ileum)
  2. Sacculus rotundus (ileocecal junction)
  3. Vermiform appendix (distal terminus of cecum)
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6
Q

Role of vermiform appendix

A

Secrete water and bicarbonate into cecum for fermentation

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7
Q

Four sections of LI

A
  1. ~10cm anterior (taeniae with three sacculated haustra)
  2. ~20cm single longitudinal taenia and haustrum
    - separated by fusus coli which is unique to rabbits
  3. ~4cm densely innervated and banded circumferentially with muscle and lacks taeniae and haustra with LOTS of goblet cells.
  4. Distal colon ~80-100cm from fusus coli to rectum. Short crypts and numerous goblet cells.
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8
Q

What connects the ileum, cecum, and proximal colon?

A

ampulla caecalis coli

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9
Q

What hormone mediates absorption of water, K+, and Na+ during digestion?

A

aldosterone

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10
Q

What do cecal goblet cells produce

A

Mucin

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11
Q

Digestible energy requirements in rabbits

A

400kJ/day^-1/kg^-1 x LW^0.75

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12
Q

Raising cecal pH in rabbits fed high protein diets causes what?

A

Overgrowth of Clostridia and Escherichia in cecum

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13
Q

What vitamins do cecotropes provide?

A

Vitamin K, Vitamin B

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14
Q

Congenital progressive and fatal disorder of sodium transport in cecum is found homozygous in what breeds?

A

spotted (English Spot) and Checkered GIant breeds.

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15
Q

Bacterial cause of enterotoxemia

A

Clostridium spiroforme

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16
Q

What age group of rabbits is most commonly affected by clostridium spiroforme?

A

Newly weaned (3-6 weeks)

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17
Q

Enterohemorrhagic E coli produces a shiga toxin that causes what clinical signs

A

hemorrhagic colitis with hemorrhagic diarrhea

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18
Q

Rabbits naturally infected with enterohemorrhagic E coli develop what hallmark sign of the shiga toxin

A

thrombotic microangiopathy

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19
Q

Subsequent litters of does infected with E coli may have passive immunity: T or F

A

True

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20
Q

What antibiotics are used to treat enteropathogenic E coli infections in rabbits?

A

Sulfatrim or Baytril

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21
Q

Obligate intracellular pathogen reported as a cause of enterocolitis in rabbits and in association with E. coli

A

Lawsonia intracellularis

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22
Q

Cause of proliferative ileitis characterized by epithelial hyperplasia nad mucosal inflammation

A

Lawsonia intracellularis

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23
Q

Disease in pigs and ferrets caused by this bacteria, which has similar signs as Lawsonia intracellularis

A

Desulfovibrio desulfuricans

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24
Q

Antibiotics used to treat Lawsonia

A

Macrolides (tylocin, erythromycin, lincomycin) in non-rabbits.
Chloramphenicol BID x 7-14 days in rabbits.

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25
Q

What bacteria causes Tyzzer’s disease

A

Clostridium piliforme

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26
Q

Clinical signs of Tyzzer’s disease

A

watery diarrhea, depression, death.

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27
Q

Causes of Tyzzer’s disease

A

Stress (overcrowding, unsanitary conditions, high temperatures, breeding)

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28
Q

Pathology findings of Tyzzer’s disease

A

Characteristic foci of necrosis in the liver and degenerative lesions of the myocardium. Edematous intestinal wall.

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29
Q

What common cleaner kills Clostridial spores

A

0.3% sodium hypochlorite solution (bleach), or heating to 173 degrees F for 30 minutes.

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30
Q

What antibiotics are Campylobactor bacteria susceptible to?

A

Chloramphenicol.

Resistant to fluoroquinolones and macrolides.

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31
Q

What virus (genus) causes rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV)?

A

Lagovirus (genus)

Caliciviridae (family)

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32
Q

How is RHDV spread?

A

urine, feces, respiratory via direct contact, with carcasses, or fur from affected rabbits, or contact with fomites (water, feed, utensils, clothing, cages), and flies, and insects are vectors.

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33
Q

What pathologic signs are seen with RHDV?

A

Severe hepatic necrosis and death from DIC. Splenomegaly (dark and thickened). Congestion and hemorrhage of the lungs. Pale, reticulated pattern in liver.

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34
Q

Hematology or RHDV

A

lymphopenia and gradual thrombocyotpenia. prolonged PT and APTT times.

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35
Q

Clinical signs of RHDV

A

May also cause febrile, lethargic, anorexic, constipated, or diarrhea signs. Tachypnea, cyanosis, foamy nasal discharge.

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36
Q

RHDV2 major capsid protein

A

VP60

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37
Q

Clinical signs of rabbit coronavirus and diagnosis

A

lethargy, diarrhea, abdominal swelling, death.
Pleural effusion and cardiomyopathy. High mortality within 24 hours.
The virus causes hemagglutination in feces- needed for dx.

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38
Q

Common age of coronavirus outbreaks

A

3-10 weeks old, but also found in clinically normal adults.

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39
Q

Rotavirus attacks which portions of intestine

A

Differentiated enterocytes lining tips of villi in jejunum and ileum
Affects infant rabbits.

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40
Q

Human enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test kits will detect rotavirus group A in rabbits: T of F

A

True

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41
Q

Pathology findings of rotavirus

A

severe billus blunting, villus fusion, and submucosal edema of small intestines, and fluid cecal contents

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42
Q

Eimeria stiedae infects what organ of the rabbit

A

Liver. The rest are in the intestines

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43
Q

Cause of hepatic coccidiosis

A

Eimeria stiedae

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44
Q

Most common intestinal coccidia

A

Eimeria perforans #1.

E. magna, E media, E irresidua.

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45
Q

Cecotrophs eaten from anus can spread coccidia: T or F

A

False

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46
Q

Treatment for coccidiosis

A

sulfadimethoxine for 7 days, amprolium in drinking water. Treatment is to limit multiplication until immunity develops.

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47
Q

Cause of discrete and transitory diarrhea in young rabits peaking at 30-40 day ages

A

Cryptosporidium parvum- no effective treatment

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48
Q

Nonpathogenic flaggelates and locations in rabbits

A

Giardia duodenalis (anterior region of small intestine)
Monocercomonas cuniculi and Retortamonas cunicula (cecum)
Entamoeba cuniculi (cecum and colon)
Large ciliated protozoa such as those of the genus Isotricha in ruminants

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49
Q

Common pinworm of rabbits

A

Passalurus ambiguus (cecum and colon). Nonpathogenic.
Via ingestion cecotrophs.
Treatment: Thiabendazole q 10-14 days

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50
Q

Gastrointestinal neoplasia of rabbits and location

A

Stomach (leiomyoscarcoma and adenocarcinoma)
Intestine (leiomyomaand leiomyosarcoma)
Sacculus rotundus and rectal squamous columnar junction (papilloma)
Bile duct (adenoma and carcinoma)
Metastatic uterine adenocarcinoma

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51
Q

Most common liver lobe to torse.

A

Caudate lobe #1

Right lobe, quadrate an dposterile lobule of left lobe also possible.

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52
Q

Two common aflatoxins

A

Aspergillus flavus and A parasiticus.

Rabbits have lowest LD50.

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53
Q

Pathology findings of aflatoxin ingestion

A

Death 3-4 days.

COngested and icteric livers, and distended gall bladder with inspissated bile.

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54
Q

Pneumonia is generalized in rabbit due to the lack of septa to divide the lungs into lobules: T or F

A

True

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55
Q

Rabbits are a common research model for rhinitis and sinusitis: T or F

A

True

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56
Q

What bacteria causes crusting of the mucocutaneous borders of the nose, lips, and eyelids. Crusting of nares.

A

T. cuniculi (rabbit syphilis) is not a primary respiratory pathogen.
Treat once weekly with procaine/benzathine penicillin for 3 weeks.

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57
Q

Cause of nasal granulomas in rabbits

A

Mycobacterium spp

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58
Q

Bacteria commonly isolated for rabbits with pyometra or metritis

A

P multocida and S aureus

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59
Q

Cylindrical blood clots molded with uterine horns indicate which condition

A

Endometrial Venous Aneurysms

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60
Q

Bacterial cause of late term (>21d) abortions

A

Listeria spp.

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61
Q

Abortion with fetal resorption can be induced by administering this drug once daily on days 15 and 16 after mating

A

aglepristone

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62
Q

Bacterial cause of epididymitis or orchitis

A

P multocida.

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63
Q

Cause of vesicle formation, ulcerations and scabs on vents.

A

T. paraluiscuniculi (rabbit syphilis or vent disease)

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64
Q

Treatment of T paraluiscuniculi

A

Parenteral (never oral) Pen G IM SID x 5-7d

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65
Q

Intestinal calcium absorption is independent of Vit D3 levels in rabbits: T or F

A

True

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66
Q

Sedative drug that relaxes urethral sphincter

A

Midazolam

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67
Q

What is Masugi nephritis?

A

Inflammatory nephritis induced by continuous immunization with large doses of antigen.

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68
Q

Treatment for Masugi neprhitis

A

Tea polyphenols

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69
Q

When rabbits ar eplaced on a low-calium, high-phosphorous diet, uremic rabbits (renal failure) will develop what condition?

A

Secondary hyperparathyroidism

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70
Q

What low level of Vit D may cause toxicity?

A

5x normal

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71
Q

Hypervitaminosis D causes what clinical signs

A

In weeks to months- mineral deposition in tissues, aorta, kidneys.
Kidneys multifocal, tan-gray throughout cortices.

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72
Q

What vitamin protects kidneys during aminoglycocide therapy

A

Vit B6

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73
Q

Tiletamine in Telazol causes what condition?

A

Nephrotoxicity- nephrosis at low doses and severe irreversible nephrosis at high doses.

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74
Q

Long term NSAIDs (diclofenac) causes what condition?

A

Significant ultrastructural renal alterations, increased renal artery vasoconstrictor activity

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75
Q

What breed of rabbits has a high incidence of autosomal rescessive mutations leading to renal agenesis (only 1 kidney)?

A

Havana breed

In males, the ipsilateral testicle is often missing

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76
Q

What condition causes nonsuppurative, granulomatous nephritis?

A

Encephalitozoonosis (nosematosis) by E. cuniculi

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77
Q

E cuniculi spores have a predilection for which tissues?

A

kidneys (31 days), brain, spinal tissue

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78
Q

How long are E cuniculi spores excreted in the urine

A

up to 3 months

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79
Q

How often is diethylstilbestrol given to spayed females in hormone-responsive urinary incontinence

A

1-2x weekly PO

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80
Q

What does the IRE (isolated rabbit eye) test?

A

irritation or corrosion to teh corneal surface by scoring swelling and corneal opaicity, and area of corneal involvement + fluoroscein penetration.

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81
Q

What are the cons of IRE tests

A

Lack of tear film causes higher false positives

Iridal damge from inflammatory or neuromusclar components cannot be assessed

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82
Q

What are cons of ICE (isolated chicken eye) test?

A

surfactants and alcohols results in false negative and false positives

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83
Q

When is BCOP (bovine corenal opacity and permeability) not acceptable?

A

When assessing mild irritancy. BCOP suitable for moderate, severe, and very severe eye irritants

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84
Q

Cons of ex vivo non-ocular organotypic models

A

Do not address conjunctival and iridial responses, inflammation and corneal recovery, or reversibility of lesions

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85
Q

What is the Anton test?

A

Used to identify Listeria monocytongenes; culture specimen is injected into rabbit conjunctiva to determine pathogenicity.

Anton discovered Listeria causes hemolysis in blood agar

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86
Q

Which rabbit is NOT a specific genetic model for atherosclerosis?
Saint Thomas Hospital Rabbit
Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic rabbit
Flemish giant rabbit
Kurosawa-Kusanagi hypercholesterolemic rabbit

A

Flemish Giant

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87
Q

Why are Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic rabbits (WHHR) used for atherosclerosis testing?

A

Analogous to human familial hypercholesterolemia due to genetic deficiency of LDL receptors

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88
Q

Vitamin A deficiency causes?

A

Hydrocephalus, cerebellar herniation in neonates

Keratitis progresses to iridocyclitis in adults

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89
Q

What is palatochisis

A

Cleft Palate

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90
Q

Palatochisis commonly occurs with what conditions?

A

Spina bifida
Hydrocephalus
Dwarfism

(NOT Chordoma)

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91
Q

What compound topically induces sensitization and when applied to rectum causes ulcerative colitis

A

DNCB (Dinitrochlorobenzene)

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92
Q

WHHL model of atherosclerosis

A

Decreased LDL concentration in WHHL

Hypercholesterolemia

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93
Q

KHC (Kusanagi Hypercholesterolemic) model of athersclerosis

A 
Decreased HDL concentration in KHC
High serum cholesterol
High Triglycerides
High phospholipid
12 base pair deletion of LDL on mRNA
Hypercholesterolemia
High coronary xanthoma
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94
Q

What is the homozygous (partial dominant trait) Pelger-Huet anomaly?

A

IFailure of nuclei of neutrophils (an eos) to mature to normal segmented form. PHA occurs secondary to mutation in the lamin B receptor and a left shift always appears to be precent.

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95
Q

RITARD technique is used to produce a rabbit model of what human dz?

A

Campylobacter enteritis, E coli, and aeromonas origin

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96
Q

What does RITARD stand for?

A

Rabbit intestinatl tie-adult rabbit diarrhea

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97
Q

What drug induces acute respiratory distress syndrome?

A

Phorbol myristate acetate (given daily IV)

98
Q

Osteopetrosis (os/os) occurs in what rabbit breed?

A

Autosomal recessive (os) Dutch Belted

99
Q

Most common cause of clostridial enterotoxemia rabbits

A

Clostridum spiroforme

100
Q

Congenital buphthalmia pressures are normal until what age?

A

3 mos

101
Q

Name two genera pinworms found in rabbits

A

Passalurus ambiguus and Passalurus nonanulatus;

Syphacia

102
Q

Definitive host for taenia psiformis and taenia serialis?

A

Dogs

103
Q

Monckeberg dz characterized by what?

A

medial calcific sclerosis/vessel hardening, where calcium deposits are found in the muscular middle layer of the walls of arteries

104
Q

Rabbit ear mite

A

Psoroptes cuniculi

105
Q

What separates the proximal and distal colon

A

Fusus coli

106
Q

Normal finding with rabbit RBCs

A

anisocytosis

107
Q

The Guide recommendation for rabbit room temperature

A

61-72 F

108
Q

What makes the rabbit kidney unique?

A

The renal tubules can be separated from kidney slices with the basement membrane intact!

109
Q

What enzyme do rabbits lack that is necessary for liquefying pus?

A

Myeloperoxidase in rabbit heterophils

110
Q

Common bacterial cause of moist dermatitis

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

111
Q

What type of pigment causes blue-green discoloration caused by P aeruginosa?

A

Pyocyanin pigment

112
Q

The superficial digital flexor is kept under tension (T or F)

A

True

113
Q

Bacterial cause of rabbit syphilis

A

Treponema paraluis cuniculi

114
Q

Treponema paraluis cuniculi is transmitted by?

A

Sexual tranmission,

direct contact, or contact of young with infected dam at birth

115
Q

Rabbit syphilis is zoonotic. T or F

A

False

116
Q

List the clinical signs of rabbit syphilis.

A

redness, swelling, and ulceration of skin around anogenital region. Then secondary scabs and ulcers around eyes and nose from cecotrophy and grooming.

117
Q

Incubation period of rabbit syphilis

A

10-16 weeks

118
Q

Serologic testing of rabbit syphilis must occur after 8-12 weeks. T or F

A

True

119
Q

What is the treatment of rabbit syphilis

A

Benzathine penicillin G/procaine penicillin G SC q7 days for 3 weeks.

120
Q

What causes the skin infection necrobacillosis?

A

Fusobacterium necrophorum (gram negative anaerobe)

121
Q

How do rabbits develop necrobacillosis?

A

Fecal contamination of wounds.

122
Q

Common dermatophytes of pet rabbits.

A

Microsporum canis or M. gypseum

123
Q

Common dermatophytes of laboratory rabbits.

A

Trichophyton mentagrophytes

124
Q

Common anatomical location for dermatophytosis

A

Nasal planum, eyelids, and pinnae. Then legs, feet, nailbeds. Erythema and dry, yellow crusting.

125
Q

What is the only dermatophyte to fluoresce under a Wood’s lamp?

A

M. canis

126
Q

How to diagnose T. mentagrophytes?

A

indirect ELISA, dermatophyte culture,

127
Q

What special stains are used to identify dermatophytes?

A

Periodic-acid Schiff, Gridley, or Gomori’s methenamine silver stain

128
Q

Common ear mite in rabbits

A

Psoroptes cuniculi

129
Q

Lifecycle of psoroptes cuniculi

A

21-day cycle on animal, but can live weeks off host in normal environmental temperatures

130
Q

Common early sign of ear mites in rabbits

A

Dry grayish-white tan crusty exudate

131
Q

Common fur mite in rabbits

A

Cheyletiella parasitorvorax (non-burrowing)

132
Q

Life cycle of Cheyletiella parasitorvorax

A

14-21 days. Eggs survive 10 days off host.

133
Q

Chyletiella is zoonotic T or F

A

True

134
Q

Skin biopsies if conducted on rabbits with chyletiella reveal what?

A

hyperkeratosis with mixed inflammatory cell infiltrate

135
Q

Name a non-burrowing, non-pathogenic mite

A

Leporacarus (Listrophorus) gibbus
Brown in color, laterally compressed with short legs
Eggs smaller, stick more distally, less firmly attached than Cheyletiella.

136
Q

Highly contagious burrowing mites in rabbits

A

Sarcoptes scabiei var. cuniculi (head, neck, trunk, genitalia) and Notoedres cati var. cuniculi (head only)

137
Q

Clinical signs of burrowing mites

A

Yellow, crusty dermatitis

138
Q

Thin, elongated mite, obligate host-specific parasite of rabbits

A

Demodex cuniculi

139
Q

Blood-feeding ectoparasite where only protonymphs and adults found on host.

A

Ornithonyssus bacoti (tropical rat mite)

140
Q

Common rabbit flea

A

Spilopsyllus cuniculi (rabbit flea) - affects face and ears

141
Q

Eastern rabbit flea

A

Cediopsylla simplex

142
Q

Giant eastern rabbit flea

A

Odontopsyllus multispinosus

143
Q

Stick tight flea

A

Echidnophaga gallinacea

144
Q

Fleas rabbits most commonly affected by:

A 
Ctenocephalides felis (cat flea)
Ctenocephalides canis (dog flea)
Affects dorsum and tail
145
Q

Disease fleas can transmit to rabbit

A

Myxoma virus

146
Q

Sucking rabbit louse (lice)

A

Haemodipsus ventricuosus - Pediculosis

147
Q

Disease lice can transmit to rabbit

A

Tularemia

148
Q

Disease black flies (Simuliidae) can spread

A

Myxoma virus

149
Q

Obligate secondary blowfly that lays eggs in wounds or body orifices of rabbits

A

Wohlfahrtia vigil (grey flesh fly)

150
Q

Primary fly strike attracted to soiled skin

A

Calliphoridae

151
Q

First stage larve that enter body through nasal or oral openings

A

Cuterebra

152
Q

Rabbit pinworm

A

Passalurus ambiguus (oxyuriasis) - nonpathogenic

153
Q

Rabbit tapeworm

A

Rabbits are intermediate host- causes 4-5cm cyst (coenurus) in connective tissue

154
Q

Sylvilagus spp rabbits do not develop systemic disease of myxoma visurs. T or F

A

True

155
Q

Sylvilagus brasiliensis

A

Jungle rabbit

156
Q

Sylvilagus bachmanni

A

Brush rabbit

157
Q

Myxomatosis incubation

A

8-21 days

158
Q

Causes of myxomatosis

A

biting arthropods or direct contact (uncommon)

159
Q

Clinical signs of myxomatosis (poxvirus)

A

Swollen eyelids and ear margins, genital swelling, ocular discharge and peri-ocular edema, skin nodules up to 1cm, and death from septicemia in 10-14 days. Acute death can occur in 5-7. No treatment

160
Q

Shope fibroma affects which species of rabbit

A

Sylvilagus - fibromas occur on feet, legs, and offasionally face and back and regress over time.

161
Q

Shope papilloma virus is caused by?

A

biting insects.

162
Q

Shope pappilloma virus experimentally causes what in Oryctolagus species?

A

malignant transformation to squamous cell carcinoma.

163
Q

Oral papillomavirus undergoes carcinomatous transformation. T or F

A

False

164
Q

What immunoreaction causes sebaceous adenitis

A

T-cell-mediated autoimmune rxn at sebaceous glands and hair follicles.

165
Q

Sebaceous adenitis has been linked to what condition in rabbits

A

Thymoma and autimmune hepatitis

166
Q

Clinical signs of sebaceous adenitis

A

nonpruritic, chronic exfoliative dermatitis. Hair epilaes easily with keratin debris around hair shaft (follicular casts)

167
Q

What is used to treat sebaceous adenitis?

A

cyclosporine and miglyol

168
Q

What condition causes joint laxity, skin hyperextensibility, and skin fragility

A

Ehlers-Danlos-like syndrome (cutaneous asthenia)

169
Q

Most common disease affecting the external pinna

A

ear mites (P. cuniculi)

170
Q

Microsporidium, obligate intraceullar pathogen

A

Encephalitozoan cuniculi

171
Q

Clinical signs of E cuniculi

A

head tilt, nystagmus, ataxia, circling, rolling (vestibular disease)

172
Q

Components of E cuniculi spore

A

Polar filament, nucleus, electron-dense sporoplasm

Spore wall, endospore, and plasma membrane

173
Q

Rabbits suffering from otitis interna may have signs of upper respiratory disease. T or F

A

True

174
Q

What neurologic condition may cause unilateral facial spasm or hemifacial dysfunction

A

Upper respiratory infection (not E. cuniculi)

175
Q

Portion of the brain most affected by E cuniculi

A

Cerebrum, followed by leptomeninges

176
Q

What stain is more sensitive at detecting E cuniculi spores than acid fast trichrome stain?

A

Ziehl-Neelsen stain

177
Q

Serologic testing is a means for monitoring E cuniculi infection in rabbits. T or F

A

True

178
Q

What immunoglobulin is used for determining early disease of E cuniculi (prior to day 35)?

A

IgM

179
Q

Treatment for E cuniculi in rabbits

A

Fenbendazole 20 mg/kg PO SID for 28 days.

180
Q

Side effect of Benzimidazoles?

A

Bone marrow aplasia and intestinal tract crypt epithelial necrosis.

181
Q

What parasite causes malacic tracks in affected CNS tissue

A

Baylisascaris species

182
Q

What condition causes granulomatous meningoencephalitis, but also tachyzoits in multiple organs?

A

Toxoplasmosis

183
Q

Treatment of toxoplasmosis in rabbits should be clindamycin (like cats). T or F

A

False

184
Q

Treatment of toxoplasmosis in rabbits

A

Pyrimethamine, Bactrim, or doxycycline

185
Q

What toxicosis causes CNS edema, blindness, and anemia

A

Lead

186
Q

What is used to treat lead toxicosis

A

Calcium disodium ethyleneiamine tetraacetate (chelation)

187
Q

What vitamin deficiency causes muscular dystropphy and degeneration of skeletal muscle myofibers causes paresis.

A

Hypovitaminosis E

188
Q

Old feed will become deficient in what vitamin

A

Vitamin E

189
Q

What vitamin deficiency causes hydrocephalus with stenosis of cerebral aqueduct leading to increased CNS pressure

A

Hypovitaminosis A

190
Q

Excess of this vitamin causes resorption of bones and calcification of soft tissues, such as the aorta

A

Vitamin D

191
Q

What vitamin deficiency causes ataxia, paralysis, and death

A

Hypovitaminosis D

192
Q

What vitamin deficiency causes enlarged joints, crooked legs, arched backs, and enlarged rib costochondral junctions

A

Hypocalcemia or Hypovitaminosis D.

193
Q

What vitamin deficiency causes poor bone consistency leading to brittle bones and limb problems

A

Manganese

194
Q

What vitamin deficiency causes seizures

A

Magnesium

195
Q

What vitamin deficiency causes muscle weakness and paralysis

A

Potassium

196
Q

What is the most common cause of CNS neoplasia in rabbits

A

Lymphoma

197
Q

How many valves are in the rabbit triscupid valve

A

2

198
Q

The aortic nerve is associated with chemoreceptors. T or F

A

False. (Baroreceptors)

199
Q

The pulmonary artery is poorly muscular. T or F

A

False - heavily muscular

200
Q

The rabbit has a persistent left cranial vena cava that drains into the coronary sinus. T or F

A

True

201
Q

What settings should be used for rabbit ECGs

A

vertical calibration: 2cm/mV

horizontal paper speed of 40 mm/s.

202
Q

Rabbits have a normal respiratory sinus arrhythmia. T or F

A

False

203
Q

What is the systolic blood pressure of rabbits

A

120-180 mmHg

204
Q

What is the most common type of lymphoma

A

B-cell

205
Q

Thymic lymphoma is what origin

A

T-cell

206
Q

What is the most common cutaneous neoplasm in rabbits

A

Trichoblastomas basal cell tumors)

207
Q

Recommended room temperature for rabbits

A

61-72 F (16-22 C)

208
Q

Rabbits <2kg require what housing dimensions

A

1.5 ft2 x 16”

209
Q

Rabbits up to 4kg require what housing dimensions

A

3.0 ft2 x 16”

210
Q

Rabbits >5.4kg require what housing dimensions

A

> 5 ft2 x 16”

211
Q

Rabbits up to 5.4kg require what housing dimensions

A

4 ft2 x 16”

212
Q

What does it mean to have a merangiotic fundus?

A

Vessels run horizontally.

213
Q

Common bacterial cause of conjunctivitis, epiphora, nasolacrimal duct obstruction, and dacryocystitis

A

P multocida

214
Q

Spontaneous development of corneal dystrophy (accumulation of cholesterol or lipid crystals in cornea) occurs in which breed?

A

American Dutch belted rabbits

215
Q

Name the breed of rabbits with heritable hypercholesterolemia which causes yellow-white granules to develop along corneal-scleral junction and the iris.

A

Watanabe rabbits

216
Q

What condition causes phacooclastic uveitis (and cataract), often seen in young or dwarf rabbits?

A

E cuniculi (granulomatrous encephalitis and renal lesions too)

217
Q

What bacteria can cause abscess of the iris?

A

P multocida

218
Q

Keratitis of the cornea can be caused by which condition?

A

Shope fibroma virus

219
Q

What is the mode of inheritance for congenital glaucoma?

A

Autosomal recessive

220
Q

Treatment of buphthalmos?

A

Dorzolomide or Timolol maleate

221
Q

Laser cycloablation can be used in albino rabbits. T or F

A

False, only pigmented rabbits

222
Q

What is the name of the deep gland to the third eyelid?

A

Harderian gland (two lobes- dorsal white and ventral pink)

223
Q

The laboratory rabbit belongs to what family?

A

Leporidae

224
Q

What is the muscular architecture of the rabbit esophagus?

A

3 layers, all striated

225
Q

The capacity of the rabbit cecum is what percent of the total digestive tract capacity?

A

40%

226
Q

Volume of bile a rabbit produces per day

A

~250ml (~100-150 ml/kg)

227
Q

Describe the right AV valve in the normal rabbit heart.

A

Two cusps, one large, one small

228
Q

Rabbit skeleton is what percent of body weight?

A

8%

229
Q

Neonatal rabbit is ectothermic until what age?

A

7 days

230
Q

Architecture of reproductive tract of rabbits?

A

2 cervix, 2 uterine horns

231
Q

Which of the following condition is not associated with a cleft palate? Spina bifida, Chordoma, Hydrocephalus, Dwarfism

A

Chordoma

232
Q

What compound is applied topically to induce sensitization and subsequently applied of rectum of rabbit model for ulcerative colitis?

A

Dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)

233
Q

The Pelger-Huet anomaly affects what blood component of rabbits?

A

Heterophils

234
Q

The development of B-cell leukemias in rabbits with the E mu-myc transgene contrasts with the development of B-cell lymphomas in mice carrying a similar transgene. T or F

A

True

235
Q

The RITARD technique is used to produce a rabbit model of what human disease?

A

Campylobacter enteritis

236
Q

Daily intravenous injection of phorbol myristate acetate induced what model?

A

Acute respiratory distress syndrome

237
Q

Osteopetrosis (os/os) occurs in rabbits of what strain?

A

Dutch belted

238
Q 
What test is not an alternative to the Draize test of ocular toxicity?
Sperm motility
Limus amebocyte lysate assay
Water flea assay
Tetrahymena thermophila assay
Chorioallantoic membrane assay
A

Limus amebocyte lysate assay

239
Q

Name the rabbit ear mite

A

Psoroptes cuniculi

240
Q

What is considered normal for rabbit red blood cells?

A

Anisocytosis

241
Q

Guide recommendation for rabbit room temps

A

61-72

ACLAM (12 decks)

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