Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Lab Animal > Rabbit Medicine > Flashcards

Rabbit Medicine Flashcards

1
Q

Digestive system characteristics of rabbits

A
  • monogastric, hindgut-fermenting, herbivores
  • stomach should never be empty
  • should not be able to vomit (well-developed cardiac sphincter)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Cecum function

A

ferments fibers and starches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Colon function

A

sorts excretia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Rabbits quickly eliminate ________

(different from other herbivores)

A

fiber

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Contents of cecum (microbes)

A
  • Gram positive and negative anaerobes
    • Bacteroides most common
  • large ciliated protozoa
  • yeast
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Size of cecum

A

10x the capacity of the stomach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What % of intestinal contents may be in the cecum?

A

40%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the end of the cecum called?

A

veriform appendix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Other names for ileus

A

gut stasis, GI hypomotility, gastric stasis syndrome, gastrointestinal syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Prognosis for ileus depends on what?

A
  • cause
  • how long it has been going on
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Causes of ileus

A

Pain

  • dental, visceral, musculoskeletal, post-op

Stress

  • pain, husbandry

Diet

  • low indigestible fiber, high protein, high carbohydrate, abrupt diet change

Other

  • obesity, dehydration, anesthesia, toxins, GI
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

other GI conditions besides ileus

A

foreign bodies, obstructions, trichobezoars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Ileus can result in:

A
  • gastric dilation/impaction
  • trichobezoar
  • gastric ulcer
  • dehydration
  • dysbiosis
  • pain
  • death
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Clinical signs of ileus

A
  • can be acute or chronic
  • anorexia
  • decreased feces
  • abnormal feces
  • weight loss
  • lethargy
  • pain (hunched, not moving, stretching, dull eyes/eyes partially closed, bruxism, vocalization)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Physical exam findings that may indicte ileus

A

doughy abdomen, palpation of a foreign body, painful abdominal palpation, dehydration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Chemistry findings consistent with ileus

A

severe azotemia, ketoacidosis, hepatic lipidosis(due to anorexia)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Radiographic findings-ileus

A

reduced stomach fill and large gas pockets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Radiographic findings of obstruction

A

distended stomach-air, fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How do trichobezoars appear radiographically?

A

striated appearance surrounded by gas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Supportive care considerations for ileus

A
  • warmth
  • fluids (100-150 ml/kg/day)
  • nutrition
  • analgesics (buprenorphine +/-
  • prokinetics (Cisapride) if not obstructed
  • exercise (obesity)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Pathogenesis of dysbiosis

A

overgrowth of gram negative and Clostridium spp.->enterotoxemia->diarrhea & dehydration->death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Causes of dysbiosis

A
  • secondary to ileus
  • secondary to poor diet
  • antibiotics
    • oral “cillins”, lincosamides, cephalosporins, macrolides–DO NOT GIVE
  • Tyzzer’s disease
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Three causes of Tyzzer’s disease

A
  • hepatic necrosis
  • degenerative myocarditis
  • necrotizing ileotyphlitis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

How do rabbit teeth grow?

A

open rooted=grow continuously

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Where to points develop on teeth in rabbits?

A

lower lingual, upper buccal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Clinical signs of dental disease in rabbits

A
  • decreased appetite
  • dropping food
  • ptyalism
  • bruxism
  • decreased feces
  • weight loss
27
Q

Most common intestinal parasite of rabbits

A

coccidia (12 Eimeria species infect rabbits)

most common is Eimeria perforans

28
Q

Which coccidian causes hepatic disease and is usually asymptomatic?

A

Eimeria stiedae

29
Q

Reportable disease of rabbits in USA

A

Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (Calicivirus)

30
Q

How is rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus shed?

A

urine, feces, respiratory secretions

31
Q

Clinical signs of rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus

A
  • hepatic necrosis
  • death from DIC
32
Q

Paturella multocida trasmission

A

aerosol, direct contact, fomites

33
Q

Respiratory symptoms associated with P. multocida

A

nasal discharge, conjnctivitis, snuffles, sneezing, pneumonia

34
Q

P. multocida can cause ______ in rabbits

A

respiratory and otitis symptoms

35
Q

Pasteurella multocida is sensitive to what abx?

A

SMZ-TMP, Baytril

36
Q

B. bronchiseptica affects what species?

A
  • most rabbits carry-not affected
  • clinically affects guinea pigs, cats, dogs, pigs
37
Q

Describe E. cuniculi characteristics

A
  • obligate, intracellular, microsporidium, fungal-like agent
  • Zoonotic-immunocompromised individuals, contact lens wearers
  • environmentally resistant (spores may survive for 6 wks at 72C)
38
Q

E. cuniculii primarily affects what organs?

A

brain, kidneys

39
Q

Clinical signs associated with E. cuniculi. What causes these?

A

clinical signs usually caused by granulomas and inflammatory response; signs include torticollis, ataxia, renal disease, uveitis

40
Q

Steroids in rabbits?

A
  • rabbits are sensitive-use with caution
  • can cause immunosuppression
41
Q

Rabbits are susceptible to heat stroke when temp is >_____

A

85 degrees F

42
Q

Clinical signs of heat stroke in rabbits

A
  • weakness
  • incoordination
  • seizure
  • coma
43
Q

Most common form of ear mites in rabbits

A

Psoroptes

44
Q

“walking dandruff”

A

Cheytiella

45
Q

What spp. of fleas do rabbits get?

A

Ctenocephalides

46
Q

Causes of dermatitis in rabbits

A

slobbers secondary to dental disease, urine scald, diarrhea

47
Q

Suitable drugs to use for premeds in rabbits

A

midazolam, butorphanol, or buprenorphine

48
Q

Should you place a rabbit in a box or anesthesia chamber?

A

NO! risk of injury to back

49
Q

Fast rabbits?

A

no

50
Q

What happens if you just try to anesthetize the rabbit by turning gas on high? how should you anesthetize the rabbits with gas anesthetic?

A
  • rabbits will hold breath, result in complications
  • instead, increase concentration gradually
51
Q

Dexmedetomidine-effect on pulse?

A

lower

52
Q

What anesthetic agent raised doppler blood pressure in one study?

A

ketamine

53
Q

Use _______ if deeper sedation desired

A

dexmedetomidine

54
Q

Considerations for rabbit OVH

A
  • bicornuate uterus
  • FRAGILE-don’t use spay hooks
55
Q

Risk of adenocarcinomas in intact female rabbits?

A

50-80% by 4 years if not bred

56
Q

Metastasis of adenocarcinoma?

A

liver, lung

(uncommon for it to go to bone, brain)

57
Q

Clinical signs of adenocarcinoma in a rabbit

A

hematuria, cystic mammary glands, decreased fertility, lethargy, anorexia

58
Q

Rabbits considered cryptorchid if testicles not descended by what age?

A

4 months

59
Q

Testicles usually descend by what age?

A

12 weeks

60
Q

Testicular neoplasms

A
  • seminoma
  • interstitial cell tumor
  • sertoli cell tumor
  • teratoma
61
Q

Cause of venereal spirochetosis

A

Treponema paraluiscuniculi

62
Q

Symptoms of venereal spirochetosis

A

infect skin of perineum-redness, edema, vesicles, ulcers, scabs. also scabs and vesicles on nose.

63
Q

Myxomatosis

A
  • enzootic in western USA
  • benign skin tumors in wild rabbits, more severe in domestic rabbits
  • lethargy, anorexia, skin hemorrhage, seizures, high mortality
  • if survive, can have blepharoconjunctivitis or cutaneous nodules

Lab Animal (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions