RAAS pharm Flashcards
How do ACE inhibitors do?
inhibit ACE –> inhibition of angiotensin II formation
What do ACE inhibitors do?
Vasodilation
Decrease blood volume (via aldosterone decrease)
Decrease SNS adrenergic activity = decreased myocardial
O2 supply
Prevention of CV remodeling
“-prils” are…
ACE Inhibitors
Adverse effects of ACE Inhibitors
First dose hypotension
Cough
hyperK+
Toxic to fetus
how do ARBs work?
block the effects of angiotensin II at the receptor
Life threatening risks of ACE inhibitors
Angioedema
How do Direct renin inhibitors (DRIs) work?
inhibit release of renin –> block entire RAAS
what do nondihydrophridines do?
Arteriole vasodilation
Decreased HR
Decreased AV node conductivity
Decreased contractility
what do dihydrophridines do?
Arteriole vasodilation
What population is Hydralazine to treat hypertension?
Pregnant ladiesss 😎
what is the drug of choice during HTN emergencies?
Sodium nitroprusside
Adverse effect of long time use of Sodium nitroprusside?
thiocyanate toxicity!!! (has CNS effects)
What does Digoxin do?
Decreases HR
Slows AV node conduction (slower “communication” between atria & ventricles)
Increases electrical excitability in ventricles
How does Digoxin work?
selectively inhibits Na+/K+/ATPase pump
Adverse effects of Digoxin
Cardiac dysrhythmias
hypoK
Contradictions of Digoxin
AV heart block
symptomatic bradycardia
Caution in renal impairment
Caution in e-lyte disturbances
What does Nitroglycerin
do?
Venous vasodilation via direct action on vascular smooth muscle
Decreased preload = decreased myocardial O2 demand
How fast can a Nitroglycerin tolerance build up?
1 day!!!
What can Nondihydropyridines do that Dihydropyridines cannot?
help with dysrhythmias
Patient comes in with a STEMI… what you doin?
MONA checkkk: Morphine = for the chest pain Oxygen = can't hurt lol Nitroglycerin =decrease preload, decreased myocardial O2 demand Asprin = reduce blood clots
what is the big difference between Sodium nitroprusside and Nitroglycerin ?
Sodium Nitroprusside acts on both venous and arteriolar dilation whereas nitroglycerin acts on just venous
Most potent and fast vasodilator…
Sodium nitroprusside
Signs & symptoms of thiocyanate toxicity
CNS changes → mental status changes, seizures, psychosis
What SNS antagonists would be good to use in the management of HTN?
Clonidine and methyldopa
What is unstable angina?
complete blockage of the vessel
What do you give to treat unstable angina?
MONA 😎
What is stable angina?
partial blockage of vessel
What do you give to treat stable angina?
Nitrates
BB blockers
Ca Channel blockers
how many times can you take nitroglycerin
3 times q5
