RAAS pharm

Question 1

How do ACE inhibitors do?

Answer 1

inhibit ACE –> inhibition of angiotensin II formation

Question 2

What do ACE inhibitors do?

Answer 2

Vasodilation

Decrease blood volume (via aldosterone decrease)

Decrease SNS adrenergic activity = decreased myocardial

O2 supply

Prevention of CV remodeling

Question 3

“-prils” are…

Answer 3

ACE Inhibitors

Question 4

Adverse effects of ACE Inhibitors

Answer 4

First dose hypotension

Cough

hyperK+

Toxic to fetus

Question 5

how do ARBs work?

Answer 5

block the effects of angiotensin II at the receptor

Question 6

Life threatening risks of ACE inhibitors

Answer 6

Angioedema

Question 7

How do Direct renin inhibitors (DRIs) work?

Answer 7

inhibit release of renin –> block entire RAAS

Question 8

what do nondihydrophridines do?

Answer 8

Arteriole vasodilation

Decreased HR

Decreased AV node conductivity

Decreased contractility

Question 9

what do dihydrophridines do?

Answer 9

Arteriole vasodilation

Question 10

What population is Hydralazine to treat hypertension?

Answer 10

Pregnant ladiesss 😎

Question 11

what is the drug of choice during HTN emergencies?

Answer 11

Sodium nitroprusside

Question 12

Adverse effect of long time use of Sodium nitroprusside?

Answer 12

thiocyanate toxicity!!! (has CNS effects)

Question 13

What does Digoxin do?

Answer 13

Decreases HR

Slows AV node conduction (slower “communication” between atria & ventricles)

Increases electrical excitability in ventricles

Question 14

How does Digoxin work?

Answer 14

selectively inhibits Na+/K+/ATPase pump

Question 15

Adverse effects of Digoxin

Answer 15

Cardiac dysrhythmias

hypoK

Question 16

Contradictions of Digoxin

Answer 16

AV heart block

symptomatic bradycardia

Caution in renal impairment

Caution in e-lyte disturbances

Question 17

What does Nitroglycerin

do?

Answer 17

Venous vasodilation via direct action on vascular smooth muscle

Decreased preload = decreased myocardial O2 demand

Question 18

How fast can a Nitroglycerin tolerance build up?

Answer 18

1 day!!!

Question 19

What can Nondihydropyridines do that Dihydropyridines cannot?

Answer 19

help with dysrhythmias

Question 20

Patient comes in with a STEMI… what you doin?

Answer 20

MONA checkkk:
Morphine = for the chest pain 
Oxygen = can't hurt lol
Nitroglycerin =decrease preload, decreased myocardial O2 demand 
Asprin = reduce blood clots

Question 21

what is the big difference between Sodium nitroprusside and Nitroglycerin ?

Answer 21

Sodium Nitroprusside acts on both venous and arteriolar dilation whereas nitroglycerin acts on just venous

Question 22

Most potent and fast vasodilator…

Answer 22

Sodium nitroprusside

Question 23

Signs & symptoms of thiocyanate toxicity

Answer 23

CNS changes → mental status changes, seizures, psychosis

Question 24

What SNS antagonists would be good to use in the management of HTN?

Answer 24

Clonidine and methyldopa

Question 25

What is unstable angina?

Answer 25

complete blockage of the vessel

Question 26

What do you give to treat unstable angina?

Answer 26

MONA 😎

Question 27

What is stable angina?

Answer 27

partial blockage of vessel

Question 28

What do you give to treat stable angina?

Answer 28

Nitrates
BB blockers
Ca Channel blockers

Question 29

how many times can you take nitroglycerin

Answer 29

3 times q5