Drugs for diabetes Flashcards
Types of Rapid short acting insulin
Lispro
Aspart
Glulisine
What is the onset and duration of Rapid short acting insulin
Onset = 15-30mins Duration = 0-4 hours
When should Rapid short duration insulin be given
during meal time
Types of regular short acting insulin
Humulin R
Novolin R
What is the onset and duration of Regular short acting insulin ?
Onset = 30-60mins Duration = 5-8 hours
How soon should you give Regular short acting insulin before a meal?
30 mins before meal
Types of Intermediate Duration insulin
Humulin- N
Novolin - N
What is the onset and duration of Intermediate Duration insulin
Onset = 2-4 hours Duration= 10-18
Types of Long acting insulin
Lantus
Glargine
What is the onset and duration of Long acting insulin
Onset= 2-4 hours Duration= 24 hours
What insulin do you NEVER mix?
Lantus
What does Metformin do?
Inhibits liver glucose production
Sensitizes insulin receptors
Reduces gut glucose absorption
What vitamin absorption can be impacted when taking Metformin
B12 & folate absorption
what does Glipizide & Glyburide do?
Promotes insulin release
what does Nateglinide & Repaglinide do?
Promotes insulin release
What is Pioglitazone & Rosiglitazone used for?
to increase insulin efficacy
Use Pioglitazone & Rosiglitazone with caution with….
Heart failure due to fluid retention
what does Acarbose & Miglitol do?
Decrease absorption of carbs from GI tract = decreased the postprandial rise
long term effecs of Acarbose & Miglitol
liver dysfunction
what does dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DDP-4) inhibitors do>
Increase glucose-dependent insulin release
Decrease glucagon release
what does sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors do?
Increase glucose-dependent insulin release
Decrease glucagon release
Helps reabsorb glucose in the kidneys
what is glucagon used for?
Hypoglycemia
what does glucagon do?
Stimulates liver glucose production
what does Mylin mimetic do?
Delayed gastric emptying, suppression of glucagon → Results in the decreased postprandial rise of glucose
Which insulin would be used in a placement pump to have tight control?
Lispro
Which two oral antidiabetics have a hypoglycemia risk?
glipizide & repaglinide
