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Pharm Drug -- Exam 2 > hypercholesterolemia drugs > Flashcards

hypercholesterolemia drugs Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 4 types of “-statins” ?

A

Atorvastatin, Rosuvastatin, Simvastatin,

Lovastatin

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2
Q

What are -statins used for?

A

High cholesterol

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3
Q

how do -statins work?

A

Results in increased LDL uptake (increase # of receptors) = decreased plasma LDL concentration

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4
Q

Major adverse effects of -statins :

A

Myopathies
Rhabdomyolysis
Hepatotoxicity

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5
Q

What are the 3 types of Bile acid sequestrants?

A

Colesevelam Cholestyramine Colestipol

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6
Q

what are Bile acid sequestrants used for?

A

Hypercholesterolemia

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7
Q

Adverse effect of Bile acid sequestrants

A

GI sides effects (constipation)

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8
Q

what are the 3 types of Fibrates?

A

Gemfibrozil, Fenofibrate & Fenofibric acid

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9
Q

What are Fibrates used for?

A

Hypercholesterolemia

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10
Q

How do Fibrates work?

A

Inhibit hepatic extraction of free fatty acids → Decreased hepatic production of TRIGLYCERIDES

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11
Q

Adverse effects of Fibrates

A

GI disturbances
Gallstones
Myopathy
Hepatotoxicity

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12
Q

What is Ezetimibe used for?

A

Hypercholesterolemia

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13
Q

How does Ezetimibe work?

A

Act on cells of brush border in small intestine → Decreased dietary & biliary cholesterol reabsorption

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14
Q

How do Monoclonal antibody (PCSK9) inhibitors work?

A

PCSK9 = protein that binds to LDL receptors in the liver→ when PCSK9 is inhibited the receptors are freed up which → increases LDL uptake

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15
Q

How do Adenosine triphosphate cyclase lyase (ACL) inhibitors work?

A

Inhibition = decreased cholesterol synthesis

Reduction in cholesterol through the increased LDL receptor

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16
Q

What is the first line of defense for management of blood cholesterol?

A

Change in the lifestyle before throwing drugs towards the issue

17
Q

which drug for treating hypercholesterolemia lowers LDL’s the most when used alone?

A

HMGCOA reductase inhibitors

18
Q

What is a major reason for discontinuation of HMG-CoA therapy

A

myopathy, which can put the patient at risk for rhabdomyolysis and renal injury

Pharm Drug -- Exam 2 (10 decks)

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