Diuretics Flashcards
how do loop diuretics work
block Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransporter in the ascending LoH
Frequently used loop diuretic is…
Furosemide (Lasix)
How does Hydrochlorothiazide work?
blocks NaCl, K+ reabsorption in early DCT, H2O follows by osmosis.
What is the first line of defense drug for HTN?
Hydrochlorothiazide
What happens if GFR is low and Hydrochlorothiazide is taken?
ineffective when GFR is low and cannot be used if cardiac output is greatly reduced
Adverse effects of Hydrochlorothiazide
Hypokalemia
Increase the risk of digoxin-induced dysrhythmias
what is a K+ Sparing Diuretic drug?
Spironolactone
How does Spironolactone work?
blocks aldosterone (which stops production of Na+/K+ exchange protein)
type of Osmotic Diuretic drug
Mannitol
how does Mannitol work?
creates osmotic gradient that pulls water into the filtrate
Where do Loop Diuretics act on the nephron?
Ascending loop of Henle
Where do Thiazide Diuretics act on the nephron?
Proximal distal tubule
Where do K+ Sparing Diuretics act on the nephron?
Late distal tubule / collecting ducts
Where do Osmotic Diuretics act on the nephron?
PCT and descending loop of Henle
Which diuretic is the first line of defense?
Thiazide diuretics
