quiz - nervous system Flashcards
neuron
or nerve cell, its made of the cell body, dendrites, and axons
neuroglial
is for support, insulation, nutrients, they outnumber neurons
whats a synapse
where 2 neurons connect
synaptic knob
distal end of an axon
synaptic cleft
gap between neurons at synapse
synaptic vesicles
contain neurotransmitters
neurotransmitter
biochemical that stimulates a neuron or effector
polarization
cell membrane is electrically charged and the unequal distribution fo positive and negative ions
depolarization
occurs when the inside of the cell membrane of a neuron becomes less negative
action potential
once polarization reaches the threshold potential, an action potential occurs, so the cell membrane becomes more positive, action potential is an all or nothing response
repolarization
potassium quickly exits, the cell becomes more negative again, return to resting state
how many neurotransmitters have been identified
over 100
what are the 2 types of nerves
sensory fibers and motor fibers
sensory fibers
carry information to the central nervous system (CNS) for stuff like pain, heat, cold, touch, etc
motor fibers
carry information from the central nervous system to effectors, causing muscle contraction or glandular responses
olfactory nerve
in the nose
optical nerve
in the eyes
oculomotor muscle
eye muscles (movement control)
trigeminal nerve
sensations in your face
facial motor
facial muscles movement
vagus nerve
controls a lot of things like heart, lungs, digestive tract
locate the brachial plexus
branches off the top of spinal cord around shoulders
locate the ulnar nerve
the medial (closer to body) nerve going down the arm to fingers
locate the median nerve
the lateral (middle ish of arm) nerve in arm more in the middle
locate the radial nerve
in upper arm then runs along back side or arm
locate the sacral plexus
branching off of nerves at the lower spinal cord
locate the sciatic nerve
goes down the back of the leg
