Quiz Four Ch 16 & 17 Flashcards
Magnesium, calcium, Vitamin D and Vitamin B6 supplements help decrease symptoms of ________ in some women.
PMS
What prenatal supplementation can be taken to avoid neural tube defects?
Folate supplement
Adequate foods for both male and female partners results in _______ outcome.
Healthy
Nutritional exposures pre pregnancy and during pregnancy may affect what?
Fetal development
Obese women have an ______ risk with pregnancy.
Increased
If an obese woman is infertile, a goal should be to _______.
Lose weight
Coffee, alcohol, drugs, and exposure to environmental toxins can have _______ effects on newborn.
Detrimental
On Day ____, conception takes place, creating a fertilized oocyte (egg) and zygote (one cell).
One
On what day is the embryo implanted into the uterine wall, now thousand of cells Human chorionic gonadotropin levels rise stimulating progestin production important to support the pregnancy?
Day 10
How long is the embryo at week 4?
1/4 inch
The embryo is 1/2 inch long at ______
Week 7
At week 9, the embryo now has a pancreas and is now referred to as a ______
Fetus
At month three the fetus weighs about 6 oz and the _______ diameter is about 3”
Placenta
At month 5, the fetus is about 11 inches long. How much does it weigh?
1 lb
At what month is the fetus 14 inches long?
Month 6
At month 7 the fetus gains ________
1/2-1 oz/day
Throughout month ____ and ______ the fetus gains about 1 oz a day, but the growth rate declines near term.
8 & 9
For normal weight females with BMI of 18.5-24.9 their maternal weight gain should be _______
25-35lbs
For underweight females with BMI of 18.5 and under their maternal weight gain should be _______
28-40lbs
For overweight females with BMMI of 25-29.9 their maternal weight gain should be ________
15-25lbs
For obese females with BMI able 30 their maternal weight gain should be _______
11-20 lbs
Maternal weight gain should at least achieve the _______
Lowest limit
Maternal weight gain for ________ should strive to achieve upper limit to reduce risk.
Black and very young women
For adolescents the recommended maternal weight gain should be ______
28-40lbs
If high risk, minimum recommended hemoglobin is 11 g/dl and 33% of ________
Hematocrit
If high risk minimal weight gain should be 1 lb/month for first trimester, 1 lb/_____ thereafter.
per week
- Females who fail to gain 4 lbs/month in last half of pregnancy
- Females younger than 16 yoa or above 35 yoa
- Females with less than 12 months between pregnancies
Are all considered at risk
Pregnant adolescents need extra __________
Iron, Calcium, & Zinc
In what situation is there a high risk of premature delivery accompanied by Intrauterine Growth Restriction IUGR or Low Birth Weight LBW?
When having twins
Blood volume expands approximately _______ by the end of pregnancy.
50%
During pregnancy, mothers with have an increased cardiac output (30-50%) and cardiac size will increase by ______
12%
During pregnancy the ___________ increases by 50% during pregnancy
Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)
During a women’s _________, she should increase her caloric intake by 10 calories/week.
first trimester
During a women’s second trimester, she should increase her caloric intake by _________
340 calories/day
During a women’s __________, she should increase her caloric intake by 452 calories/day
third trimester
When lactating a women should increase her caloric intake by 330 calories/day for the first ________.
6 Months
When _______, a women should increase her caloric intake by 400 calories/day for second six months.
lactating
What should the protein intake be prenatal?
46 g of protein
What should the protein intake be for pregnant and lactating women?
71 g of protein
The hormone that develops placenta after implantation is _______.
Progesterone
DRI’s for Vitamin ___, Vitamin ____, & ______ are the same for pregnant and non pregnant women.
Vitamin E, Vitamin K, and Calcium
A pregnant women should be consuming 1.9 mg/day of _____
Vitamin B6
Pregnant women should be consuming an additional 10mg/day of ______ and 5 mg/day of Vitamin D
Vitamin C
As a pregnant woman is it best to consume 400 mcg/day of Folate or 600 mcg/day of folate?
600 mcg/day
Pregnant women intake 9 more mg/day of iron that non pregnant women, totaling to ______
27 mg/day
30 mg of Ferrous sulfate is recommended during the 2nd and 3rd trimester and to be taken between meals WITHOUT ______
milk, coffee, or tea
Pregnant women intake ______ mg/day of zinc, totaling to 11-13 mg/day
3-5mg More
What acid is needed for development of fetal nervous system?
DHA, docosahexaenoic acid
Where is DHA found?
Cold water fish
DRI’s recommend 1.4 g/day of DHA while pregnant and 1.3 g/day of DHA while _______.
Lactating
Full term infants have an average gestation of _______ weeks.
37-42 weeks.
Full-term infants weigh 2500-4000g / 5.5-8.8lbs, which is AGA aka
Appropriate for Gestational Age
Infants that weigh less than 2500 g / 5.5 lbs are considered SGA aka _____
Small for Gestational Age
Birth weight under 1500 g / 3.3 lbs is a ______
very low birth weight
Extremely low birth weight in infants is under ______
1000 g
LGA aka ______ is if an infant is above the 90th %ile int he intrauterine growth chart.
Large for Gestational Age
Human milk contains how many calories per ounce?
20 calories/oz
Which type of milk is 60% whey proteins and 40% casein?
Human milk
Which type of milk is 20% whey protein and 80% casein?
Cows milk
________ in human milk forms soft curds while case found in cow’s milk forms a tough, hard-to-digest curd int he infant’s stomach.
Lactalbumin
Human milk is 7% P, ____%CHO and 55% F
38% CHO
Cows milk is 20%P, 30%CHO, and _____ %F
50% F
What is the yellowish and transparent milk that is rich in antibodies, has a higher protein content and is lower in fat and carbs than mature milk?
Colostrum
Infants double their birth weight by 4-6 months and ______ it by 1 year.
Triple
Do formula fed infants consume more or less calories of energy per unit of body size than do breast-fed infants?
More Calories
Human milk feeding is recommended exclusively for ______.
6 months
Solid food should be introduced at ______ months and ideal to continue breast feeding for 12 months.
4-6 months
If water contains inadequate ______, a breast fed infant should consume .25mg/day after 6 months of age.
Flouride
Breast fed infants need 400 IU of _______ form birth.
Vitamin D
Formula has more protein and more iron than human milk, but lacks _____.
Antibodies
Babies who are formula fed need ____ oz/lb/day
2 1/2 oz/lb/day
Dairy products should not be introduced until _______
1 yoa
Low fat and non-fat dairy should not be introduced until _____
2 yoa
Solid foods should be added when a baby can
be at sitting position alone
What hormone stimulates milk production?
Prolactin
What hormone stimulates milk ejection?
Oxytocin
A condition of inadequate weight or height gain mainly though to result form a choleric deficit is known as ____
Failure to thrive (FTT)
What is the sudden onset of irritability, fussiness or dying in an infant between 2 weeks and 3 months who is otherwise healthy?
Colic
True or False: Constipation is caused by breast milk.
False
Number of stools carries from 2-6/day and _______ with age.
decreases
Infant jaundice is yellow discoloring of the skin caused by too much ______ in the blood.
Bilirubin
______ bilirubin levels is .3-1 mg/dl while jaundice is frequent with levels between 5-7 mg/d
Normal
Developmental readiness for a zippy cup begins at _____ months of age
6-8 months
What should be the first food to introduce to baby?
iron-fortified cereals
Applesauce yogurt soft greenbeens mashed potatoes and cheerios
Appropriate food for ages 6 mo-1 yr
