Quiz 9

Question 1

Deoxygenated blood from the body returns to the:

1 right atrium.

2 right ventricle.

3 left atrium.

4 left ventricle.

Answer 1

1

Question 2

Which of the following blood vessels transports oxygenated blood?

1 superior vena cava

2 pulmonary arteries

3 inferior vena cava

4 pulmonary veins

Answer 2

4

Question 3

The left ventricle has the thickest walls because it:

1 pumps blood to the lungs to be reoxygenated.

2 uses less oxygen than other chambers of the heart.

3 pumps blood into the aorta and systemic circulation.

4 receives blood directly from the systemic circulation.

Answer 3

3

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a function of the sympathetic nervous system?

1 dilation of blood vessels in the muscles

2 constriction of blood vessels in the muscles

3 increases in the heart and respiratory rates

4 constriction of blood vessels in the digestive system

Answer 4

2

Question 5

When the myocardium requires more oxygen:

1 the heart contracts with less force.

2 the arteries supplying the heart dilate.

3 the heart rate decreases significantly.

4 the AV node conducts fewer impulses.

Answer 5

2

Question 6

Which of the following would cause the greatest increase in cardiac output?

A. increased heart rate and increased stroke volume

B. decreased stroke volume and increased heart rate

C. decreased heart rate and increased stroke volume

D. decreased stroke volume and decreased heart rate

Answer 6

A

Question 7

The iliac arteries immediately subdivide into the:

1 femoral arteries.

2 peroneal arteries.

3 anterior tibial arteries.

4 posterior tibial arteries.

Answer 7

1

Question 8

Which of the following is the MOST reliable method of estimating a patient’s cardiac output?

1 Listen to heart sounds with a stethoscope.

2 Connect the patient to an electrocardiogram.

3 Assess the heart rate and strength of the pulse.

4 Determine the average diastolic blood pressure.

Answer 8

3

Question 9

A patient with atherosclerotic heart disease experiences chest pain during exertion because the:

1 coronary arteries suddenly spasm and cause a marked reduction in myocardial blood flow.

2 lumen of the coronary artery is narrowed and cannot accommodate increased blood flow.

3 tissues of the myocardium undergo necrosis secondary to a prolonged absence of oxygen.

4 ragged edge of a tear in the coronary artery lumen causes local blood clotting and arterial narrowing.

Answer 9

2

Question 10

Risk factors for AMI that cannot be controlled include:

1 excess stress.

2 hyperglycemia.

3 family history.

4 lack of exercise.

Answer 10

3

Question 11

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a term used to describe:

1 the warning signs that occur shortly before a heart attack.

2 a group of symptoms that are caused by myocardial ischemia.

3 a severe decrease in perfusion caused by changes in heart rate.

4 the exact moment that a coronary artery is completely occluded.

Answer 11

2

Question 12

Rapid, labored breathing in a patient with signs and symptoms of AMI should make you suspicious for:

1 a cardiac arrhythmia.

2 congestive heart failure.

3 significant hypotension.

4 right ventricular failure.

Answer 12

2

Question 13

The ability of cardiac muscle cells to contract spontaneously without a stimulus from a nerve source is called:

1 excitability.

2 contractility.

3 impulsivity.

4 automaticity.

Answer 13

4

Question 14

The electrical stimulus that originates in the heart’s primary pacemaker is controlled by impulses from the brain that arrive by way of the:

1 parietal lobe.

2 pons and medulla.

3 somatic nervous system.

4 autonomic nervous system.

Answer 14

4

Question 15

The myocardium receives oxygenated blood from the __________, which originate(s) from the __________.

1 coronary sinus, vena cava

2 aorta, inferior vena cava

3 vena cava, coronary veins

4 coronary arteries, aorta

Answer 15

4

Question 16

You are assessing a 49-year-old man who complains of chest pressure that began the night before. He is conscious, but anxious, and tells you he has a history of angina and hypertension. After applying high-flow oxygen, you expose his chest to auscultate his lungs and note that he has a nitroglycerin patch on his right upper chest. His skin is cool and pale, his blood pressure is 78/50 mm Hg, and his pulse is 110 beats/min and irregular. You should:

1 remove the nitroglycerin patch, place him in a position of comfort, and prepare for immediate transport.

2 immediately remove the nitroglycerin patch, apply the AED in case he develops cardiac arrest, and transport to the closest hospital.

3 move the nitroglycerin patch to the other side of his chest in case you need to apply the AED, keep him warm, and transport without delay.

4 ask him if the nitroglycerin patch he is wearing has improved his chest pressure, complete your secondary assessment, and transport promptly.

Answer 16

1

Question 17

Prior to assisting a patient with his or her prescribed nitroglycerin, the EMT must:

1 ensure the medication is in tablet form.

2 obtain authorization from medical control.

3 determine who prescribed the nitroglycerin.

4 wait at least 5 minutes after assessing the blood pressure.

Answer 17

2

Question 18

Which of the following statements regarding nitroglycerin is correct?

1 The potency of nitroglycerin is increased when exposed to light.

2 A maximum of five nitroglycerin doses should be given to a patient.

3 Nitroglycerin should be administered between the cheek and gum.

4 Nitroglycerin usually relieves anginal chest pain within 5 minutes.

Answer 18

4

Question 19

Which of the following statements regarding the AED and defibrillation is correct?

1 The AED will not analyze the rhythm of a moving patient.

2 Defibrillation is the first link in the American Heart Association chain of survival.

3 The AED will shock any rhythm not accompanied by a pulse.

4 CPR should be performed for 5 minutes before using the AED.

Answer 19

1

Question 20

The three major parts of the brain are the:

1 cerebellum, medulla, and occiput.

2 brain stem, midbrain, and spinal cord.

3 midbrain, cerebellum, and spinal cord.

4 cerebrum, cerebellum, and brain stem.

Answer 20

4

Question 21

The anterior aspect of the cerebrum controls:

1 touch.

2 emotion.

3 movement.

4 vision.

Answer 21

2

Question 22

The MOST significant risk factor for a hemorrhagic stroke is:

1 severe stress.

2 hypertension.

3 heavy exertion.

4 diabetes mellitus.

Answer 22

2

Question 23

Which of the following conditions would be the LEAST likely to mimic the signs and symptoms of a stroke?

1 hypoglycemia

2 hypovolemia

3 a postictal state

4 intracranial bleeding

Answer 23

2

Question 24

Status epilepticus is characterized by:

1 generalized seizures that last less than 5 minutes.

2 an absence seizure that is not preceded by an aura.

3 profound tachycardia and total muscle flaccidity.

4 prolonged seizures without a return of consciousness.

Answer 24

4

Question 25

You respond to a residence for a child who is having a seizure. Upon arrival at the scene, you enter the residence and find the mother holding her child, a 2-year-old male. The child is conscious and crying. According to the mother, the child had been running a high fever and then experienced a seizure that lasted approximately 3 minutes. You should:

1 cover the child with wet towels and give oxygen via nasal cannula.

2 transport the child to the hospital and reassure the mother en route.

3 advise the mother to take her child to the doctor the following day.

4 call medical control and request permission to give the child aspirin.

Answer 25

2

Question 26

Individuals with chronic alcoholism are predisposed to intracranial bleeding and hypoglycemia secondary to abnormalities in the:

1 brain.

2 kidneys.

3 liver.

4 pancreas.

Answer 26

3

Question 27

Law enforcement has summoned you to a nightclub, where a 22-year-old female was found unconscious in an adjacent alley. Your primary assessment reveals that her respirations are rapid and shallow and her pulse is rapid and weak. She is wearing a medical alert bracelet that identifies her as an epileptic. There is an empty bottle of vodka next to the patient. You should:

1 place a bite block in her mouth in case she has a seizure and transport at once.

2 apply oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask, place her on her left side, and transport.

3 assist ventilations, perform a rapid exam, and prepare for immediate transport.

4 apply oxygen via nonrebreathing mask and transport her for a blood-alcohol test.

Answer 27

3

Question 28

Which of the following is NOT an assessment parameter included in the Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale?

1 speech

2 arm drift

3 memory

4 facial droop

Answer 28

3

Question 29

A patient who is possibly experiencing a stroke is NOT eligible for thrombolytic (fibrinolytic) therapy if he or she:

1 has had a prior heart attack.

2 is older than 60 years of age.

3 has a GCS score that is less than 8.

4 has bleeding within the brain.

Answer 29

4