Quiz 9/23 Flashcards
What are the accessory structures?
Oral cavity, rib cage, muscles associated with rib cage (diaphragm)
What is in the upper respiratory tract?
Everything in head including larynx
Lower respiratory tract
Anything below larynx
What are the functions of the respiratory system?
Gas exchange, ventilation, protection of airways, production of sound, chemical analysis of air.
Why is gas exchange important?
It provides an enormous amount of surface are for gas exchange.
Is a DECREASE or INCREASE of surface area for gas exchange not good?
Decrease
Why is ventilation important?
It is the process of breathing in and out. It moves air to and from gas exchange.
Why is protection of airways important?
It protects gas exchange surfaces and other surfaces in airway from harmful chemicals, dehydration, extreme temperature, and invasion of pathogen.
What happens if harmful debris get into airway?
They will get to the gas exchange surfaces and damage them.
Why is production of sound important?
It allows us to speak
Why is chemical analysis important?
Sense of smell
What is respiratory mucosa?
The epithelium that lines most of the places in the airways, where gas exchange can’t take place.
What type of tissue lines the major airways?
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with goblet cells
What are goblet cells
It makes mucus
What are the purpose of the airways with too thick of lining and not enough blood flow to make it efficient for gas exchange?
Gets air to and from places where there’s gas exchange and protects gas exchange surfaces
Where does the goblet cells sit on top of?
Cilia
What happens to the air as it gets further into the lungs?
It slows down and particles fall out of the air and into the mucus where cilia beat and move the mucus up toward throat.
Mucociliary escalator
Where cilia beat and move blanket of mucus up toward the throat.
What do the chemicals in cigarette smoke do?
It paralyzes the cilia
Why do cigarette smokers cough so much?
They can’t move the gunk that’s in their lungs with cilia so they use air to move it and clear their airways.
Why are there sebaceous glands in skin?
Keeps skin flexible. Helps keep tissue moist and provides protection around nose.
What’s another word for the nose?
External/anterior nares. Nares for one. Nares for both.
What is the region just inside the external nares?
The vestibule
What is in the vestibule?
Hair called vibrissae which are coarse hairs and associated with sebaceous glands and sweat glands.