Quiz 2 Flashcards
Arteries
Carries blood AWAY from the heart
Veins
Carries blood TOWARD the heart
Capillaries
Blood vessel connecting arteries to the vein (where exchange happens: gas, waste products, nutrients)
Location of heart
In mediastinum, between the lungs, towards left of midline, touches front part of the thoracic cavity and vertebral column.
Healthy male heart weight
300g
What does the shape of heart resemble
Based on the person’s thoracic cavity
Base of the heart
superior part where major blood vessels are entering and exiting
What membrane is the heart surrounded with?
Pericardium
What is stuck to the surface of the heart?
Visceral pericardium
What is the space between the two layers of the pericardium?
Pericardium space
What makes up the Serous pericardium?
Parietal pericardium and visceral pericardium
Does the fibrous pericardium stretch? Y or N
No
What does the parietal pericardium and visceral pericardium secrete? And where does it go?
Pericardial fluid which goes into the pericardial space between the two layers.
How much fluid does the pericardial space have?
10-15 mL of fluid
What is the purpose of the pericardial fluid?
To lubricate and make it easier for expansion and contraction
When is the fluid in the pericardial space a bad thing?
When there is too much fluid or there is fluid between the parietal pericardium and the fibrous pericardium.
What is the aftermath of too much fluid in the heart?
When the fibrous pericardium is not able to stretch and the fluid cannot be compressed, the heart will get squashed.
List bad ways that could happen in the parietal space.
Overproduction of pericardial fluid, pericarditis, and cardiac tamponade
Pericarditis
Infection in the pericardial space that makes the fluid thicker up to a puss
Cardiac tamponade
Bleeding into area due to injury to the heart
Inter means
between
Intra means
Inside
What is the purpose for ventricles?
To pump blood
What is the purpose of the atria?
Receives blood to be thrown into the ventricles so they can pump it
Pulmonary trunk
Connects to the right ventricle and branch into right and left pulmonary artery one towards each lung
Aorta
Largest artery in body where blood from right ventricle goes.
Endocardium
Innermost layer that is an epithelium lining with a little bit of aureola connective tissue beneath it. It lines the heart and forms the valves of the heart and is continuous of the epithelium (lining of the blood vessels)
Myocardium
Muscle of the heart. Made up of cardiac muscle
Epicardium
Outermost layer. On the heart. Same thing as the visceral pericardium.
Intercalated discs
Plates of cap junctions that connect the cardiac muscle and its nucleus.
Cardiac muscle is a functional syncytium
Blood flow through the heart
RA - Tricuspid valve - RV - Pulmonary valve - Pulmonary trunk - R & L pulmonary arteries - Lungs - R & L pulmonary veins - LA - Mitral valve - LV - Aortic Valve - Aorta - Systemic circulation - SVC and IVC - RA
Pathway of an action potential
SA node - RA via internodal pathway - LA via the bundle of his
