Quiz 6

Question 1

Anna Freud was Sigmund Freud’s

Answer 1

b) youngest daughter.

Question 2

Anna Freud enlarged the application of psychoanalysis to new areas, including exploration of the ego and the study of

Answer 2

a) children.

Question 3

Anna Freud’s developmental line elaborated on her father’s depiction of the psychosexual stages by describing

Answer 3

d) the growth in ego mastery as it coincides with psychosexual development.

Question 4

What did Anna Freud mean when she said that adolescence was the “stepchild in psychoanalytic theory”?

Answer 4

a) The adolescent stage had not previously been emphasized as an important developmental period.

Question 5

Tanya has been taken hostage. Her primary feelings toward the people who are holding her hostage is admiration and gratitude. Anna Freud would argue that Tanya is experiencing the ego defense of

Answer 5

c) identification with the aggressor.

Question 6

Which of the following is one of the ways in which Erikson extended Freudian psychoanalysis?

Answer 6

He added a social dimension that before was only implied in the psychosexual stages.

Question 7

Unlike Sigmund Freud, Erikson theorized that the ego was

Answer 7

a) mostly adaptive.

Question 8

In discussing the psychosexual stages, Freud emphasized their ________ character, whereas Erikson emphasized their ________ dimension.

Answer 8

a) biological; social

Question 9

Each of Erikson’s psychosocial stages is organized around a(n) ________ that children encounter at certain critical periods.

Answer 9

c) emotional polarity

Question 10

An individual who emerges successfully from one of Erikson’s psychosocial stages develops a(n) ________ as a result.

Answer 10

b) virtue

Question 11

According to Erikson, the primary dilemma of infancy is

Answer 11

a) trust versus mistrust.

Question 12

According to Erikson, an infant whose parents do not attend reliably to his or her needs is likely to lack the ego strength of

Answer 12

b) hope.

Question 13

According to Erikson, if six-month-old Marcus could verbalize his dilemma, he would say that he is most likely struggling with the question,

Answer 13

Can I trust the world?

Question 14

Two-year-old Emma was just toilet-trained. According to Erikson, if her parents were firm and reassuring, Emma would emerge from this stage with a newly developed ego strength of

Answer 14

c) will.

Question 15

According to Erikson, a two-year-old’s negativism is a(n)

Answer 15

d) struggle for autonomy.

Question 16

Pedro is a boy struggling with the life crisis of autonomy versus shame and doubt. According to Erikson, Pedro is most likely to be ________ old.

Answer 16

c) three years

Question 17

Four-year-old Jonas is a very curious little boy who is always taking things apart. His mother has just found him in her bedroom attempting to unscrew the back of her alarm clock. According to Erikson, a spanking will probably lead Jonas to feel

Answer 17

c) guilty.

Question 18

Regarding the Oedipus complex, Erikson

Answer 18

c) preferred to call it an early generational complex.

Question 19

19. The psychosocial stage that parallels Freud’s latency period is

Answer 19

c) industry versus inferiority.

Question 20

Ms. Jones divides her first-graders into reading groups according to ability. The “sparrows” know that they are the worst readers, whereas the “eagles” know that they are the best. According to Erikson, at this age, she can expect the “sparrows” to develop feelings of ________ and the “eagles” to develop feelings of ________.

Answer 20

d) inferiority; industry

Question 21

21. Dr. Rodriguez is a clinical psychologist who works with children in an elementary school. According to Erikson, the psychosocial stage with which Dr. Rodriguez’s clients are most likely to struggle is

Answer 21

b) industry versus inferiority.

Question 22

22. Fifteen-year-old Savita is constantly questioning her parents’ values. At the same time, she is not ready to accept her friends’ values. If you ask her what she wants to become, she will say, “I haven’t a clue.” Her confusion implies that she is struggling with issues of

Answer 22

b) identity.

Question 23

23. Ron is a previously law-abiding teen who has recently joined a violent gang. In Erikson’s terms, he is

Answer 23

a) adopting a negative identity.

Question 24

24. When an adolescent establishes a stable identity, the virtue or ego strength that emerges is

Answer 24

a) adopting a negative identity.

Question 25

25. Dr. Porter is a counseling psychologist who works at a college counseling center. Most of Dr. Porter’s clients are of traditional college age. According to Erikson’s theory of psychosocial stages, which of the following issues will be most prominent in the problems of Dr. Porter’s clients at this point in their lives?

Answer 25

c) Intimacy versus isolation

Question 26

26. The virtue of love emerges with the successful emergence of Erikson’s _________ stage.

Answer 26

b) intimacy versus isolation

Question 27

27. Carolyn is experiencing Erikson’s stage of generativity versus stagnation. Carolyn is most likely to be ________ years old.

Answer 27

b) fifty

Question 28

28. The ego strength of care emerges during which of Erikson’s psychosexual stages?

Answer 28

c) Generativity versus stagnation

Question 29

29. According to Erikson, an older adult who is able to sit back and reflect on his or her life with satisfaction will have acquired the virtue of

Answer 29

d) wisdom.

Question 30

30. According to Carol Gilligan, the development of girls differs from that of boys because

Answer 30

b) girls’ development places greater emphasis on connection and care.

Question 31

31. What did Erikson demonstrate in his study of two Native American tribes?

Answer 31

a) That society shapes basic character structures

Question 32

32. Erikson found that the child-rearing practices of the Sioux, in comparison to those of the Yurok, were

Answer 32

b) less adaptive.

Question 33

33. Erikson is credited with refining which of the following?

Answer 33

c) The psychohistory

Question 34

34. Research inspired by Erikson’s theories, such as that conducted by Daniel Levinson and Judy Levinson, suggests that, compared to women, men tend to base their identity on their

Answer 34

d) profession.

Question 35

35. In his investigation of sex differences, Erikson observed that, in their play, girls emphasize ________ space, whereas boys emphasize ________ space.

Answer 35

d) inner; outer

Question 36

36. Erikson concluded from his study on sex differences that the development of women is influenced by their

Answer 36

b) awareness of their reproductive capacity.

Question 37

37. In38. According to the Generative Behavior Checklist (McAdams & St. Aubin), which of the following suggests a high degree of generativity? theorizing about females, both Erikson and Freud

Answer 37

d) employed male paradigms.

Question 38

38. According to the Generative Behavior Checklist (McAdams & St. Aubin), which of the following suggests a high degree of generativity?

Answer 38

b) Believing that one’s contributions will survive after death

Question 39

39. Erikson saw a parallel between the use of evidence by a psychoanalyst and a(n) ________ because both try to reconstruct events.

Answer 39

d) historian