Quiz 5

Question 1

Which of the following characteristics of Clostridium botulinum is primarily responsible for botulism being a relatively uncommon foodborne disease?

Answer 1

The strict anaerobic growth requirement of C. botulinum in order to produce a neurotoxin

Question 2

Which of the following are among the clinical manifestations of infection with Escherichia coli O157:H7?

Answer 2

causes bloody diarrhea, and in infants and children it also is associated with kidney damage and death.

Question 3

Which of the following characteristics are common to both Cryptosporidium parvum and Cyclospora cayetanensis?

Answer 3

• bot protozoan parasites in phylum Apicomplexa
• form oocysts that are resistant to common water purification chemicals
• both have animal reservoirs
• cause only localized infections of the GI tract in immunocompetent individuals
• NO pathogen-specific treatments for apicomplexans

Question 4

Which of the following statements apply to all pathogens that enter via the GI tract, but then cause disseminated infections?

Answer 4

• spread systemically through the blood.
• pathogens may exhibit extracellular or intracellular growth, and they include bacteria (gram positive as well as gram-negative organisms), protozoan parasites, and viruses. Opportunistic fungi
• Secondary target organs determine disease caused (may or may not be accompanied by GI Disease)

Question 5

Which of the following characteristics distinguish hepatitis A virus from poliovirus?

Answer 5

Secondary Target organs:

• HAV- liver
• Poliovirus- Neurons

Signs and Symptoms:

• HAV-jaundice
• Poliovirus-asymmetric flaccid paralysis

Question 6

By which of the following pathogenic mechanisms can disease be caused during Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections?

Answer 6

Systemic intoxication from localized infection of the GI tract

Question 7

Which of the following pathogens can cause fast-acting food poisoning that results from toxins produced when the pathogen grows in contaminated food?

Answer 7

• Clostridium Botulinum
• Staphylococcus aureus
• Bacillus Cereus

Question 8

For which of the following types of foodborne illness is/are pathogen-specific treatment(s) available?

Answer 8

• Botulism

- Giardia

Question 9

Which of the following pathogenic mechanisms can apply to foodborne illness caused by Staphylococcus aureus?

Answer 9

direct intoxication

Question 10

Routine immunizations recommended in the U.S. are intended to protect against gastroenteritis caused by which of the following types of virus?

Answer 10

Infant gastroenteritis is caused by rotavirus infections and we do have an immunization for.

No vaccine to prevent gastroenteritis that is caused by infection with NOROVIRUS

Question 11

Which of the following pathogens that enter via the GI tract can be transmitted vertically?

Answer 11

Taxoplasma gondii

Listeria monocytogenes

Question 12

Which of the following pathogens that enter via the GI tract disseminate inside infected host cells?

Answer 12

Brucella spp.
Toxoplasma gondii
Salmonella spp.
Listeria monocytogenes

Question 13

Which of the following clinical presentations would be consistent with Listeria monocytogenes infection in a newborn?

Answer 13

• Early-onset neonatal disease caused by vertical transmission results in disseminated abscesses and granulomas
• Later-onset neonatal disease can lead to meningitis, or meningoencephalitis with septicemia.

Question 14

Which of the following are bacteria that cause localized infection in the GI tract and have human reservoirs?

Answer 14

Shigella sonnei

Question 15

Which of the following organisms that cause localized infection in the GI tract are obligate pathogens?

Answer 15

• Salmonella Saintpaul
• Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia Coli
• Campylobacter jejuni
• Shigella Sonnei
• Norovirus
• Rotavirus

-NO PARASITES

Question 16

Which of the following parasites can be acquired only by eating contaminated food?

Answer 16

-Trichinella Spiralis

Question 17

Which of the following classes of pathogens does not cause disease by localized infection of the GI tract?

Answer 17

-Fungi

Question 18

Which of the following pathogenic mechanisms can apply to foodborne illness caused by Bacillus cereus?

Answer 18

direct intoxication and localized infection in the GI tract

Question 19

Which of the following characteristics distinguish rotavirus from norovirus?

Answer 19

Rotavirus-common in infants. Gastroenteritis can be prevented by vaccination. -dsRNA
Norovirus- common in adults. Gastroenteritis cannot be prevented by vaccination. -(+)-ssRNA

Question 20

Routine immunizations recommended in the US are intended to protect against disease caused by which of the following members of the genus Clostridium?

Answer 20

-Clostridium Tetani

Question 21

Which of the following are characteristics of Salmonella Typhi?

Answer 21

• causes disseminated infections that can result in an asymptomatic carrier state(colonization) in some individuals.
• human reservoir
• opportunistic pathogen
• low infective dose
• exposures-food, water, and fomites

Question 22

Which of the following bacterial pathogens of the GI tract can form spores?

Answer 22

• Clostridium Botulinum
• Bacillus Cereus
• Clostridium Perfringens
• Clostridium Difficile

Question 23

Which of the following are symptoms or clinical signs typical of gastrointestinal disease?

Answer 23

Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, may or may not be accompanied by a fever

Question 24

Which of the following pathogens can cause systemic intoxication after infection of the GI tract?

Answer 24

Shiga toxin-producing strains of E. Coli leading to Hemolytic-uremic syndrom (HUS) and C. Botulinum(infant botulism)

Question 25

Which of the following are characteristics of highly virulent strains of Vibrio vulnificus?

Answer 25

encapsulated and grow quickly at human body temp.

-extracellular bacterium that produces some exotoxins of uncertain function