Quiz 5 Flashcards
Which of the following characteristics of Clostridium botulinum is primarily responsible for botulism being a relatively uncommon foodborne disease?
The strict anaerobic growth requirement of C. botulinum in order to produce a neurotoxin
Which of the following are among the clinical manifestations of infection with Escherichia coli O157:H7?
causes bloody diarrhea, and in infants and children it also is associated with kidney damage and death.
Which of the following characteristics are common to both Cryptosporidium parvum and Cyclospora cayetanensis?
- bot protozoan parasites in phylum Apicomplexa
- form oocysts that are resistant to common water purification chemicals
- both have animal reservoirs
- cause only localized infections of the GI tract in immunocompetent individuals
- NO pathogen-specific treatments for apicomplexans
Which of the following statements apply to all pathogens that enter via the GI tract, but then cause disseminated infections?
- spread systemically through the blood.
- pathogens may exhibit extracellular or intracellular growth, and they include bacteria (gram positive as well as gram-negative organisms), protozoan parasites, and viruses. Opportunistic fungi
- Secondary target organs determine disease caused (may or may not be accompanied by GI Disease)
Which of the following characteristics distinguish hepatitis A virus from poliovirus?
Secondary Target organs:
- HAV- liver
- Poliovirus- Neurons
Signs and Symptoms:
- HAV-jaundice
- Poliovirus-asymmetric flaccid paralysis
By which of the following pathogenic mechanisms can disease be caused during Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections?
Systemic intoxication from localized infection of the GI tract
Which of the following pathogens can cause fast-acting food poisoning that results from toxins produced when the pathogen grows in contaminated food?
- Clostridium Botulinum
- Staphylococcus aureus
- Bacillus Cereus
For which of the following types of foodborne illness is/are pathogen-specific treatment(s) available?
- Botulism
- Giardia
Which of the following pathogenic mechanisms can apply to foodborne illness caused by Staphylococcus aureus?
direct intoxication
Routine immunizations recommended in the U.S. are intended to protect against gastroenteritis caused by which of the following types of virus?
Infant gastroenteritis is caused by rotavirus infections and we do have an immunization for.
No vaccine to prevent gastroenteritis that is caused by infection with NOROVIRUS
Which of the following pathogens that enter via the GI tract can be transmitted vertically?
Taxoplasma gondii
Listeria monocytogenes
Which of the following pathogens that enter via the GI tract disseminate inside infected host cells?
Brucella spp.
Toxoplasma gondii
Salmonella spp.
Listeria monocytogenes
Which of the following clinical presentations would be consistent with Listeria monocytogenes infection in a newborn?
- Early-onset neonatal disease caused by vertical transmission results in disseminated abscesses and granulomas
- Later-onset neonatal disease can lead to meningitis, or meningoencephalitis with septicemia.
Which of the following are bacteria that cause localized infection in the GI tract and have human reservoirs?
Shigella sonnei
Which of the following organisms that cause localized infection in the GI tract are obligate pathogens?
- Salmonella Saintpaul
- Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia Coli
- Campylobacter jejuni
- Shigella Sonnei
- Norovirus
- Rotavirus
-NO PARASITES
Which of the following parasites can be acquired only by eating contaminated food?
-Trichinella Spiralis
Which of the following classes of pathogens does not cause disease by localized infection of the GI tract?
-Fungi
Which of the following pathogenic mechanisms can apply to foodborne illness caused by Bacillus cereus?
direct intoxication and localized infection in the GI tract
Which of the following characteristics distinguish rotavirus from norovirus?
Rotavirus-common in infants. Gastroenteritis can be prevented by vaccination. -dsRNA
Norovirus- common in adults. Gastroenteritis cannot be prevented by vaccination. -(+)-ssRNA
Routine immunizations recommended in the US are intended to protect against disease caused by which of the following members of the genus Clostridium?
-Clostridium Tetani
Which of the following are characteristics of Salmonella Typhi?
- causes disseminated infections that can result in an asymptomatic carrier state(colonization) in some individuals.
- human reservoir
- opportunistic pathogen
- low infective dose
- exposures-food, water, and fomites
Which of the following bacterial pathogens of the GI tract can form spores?
- Clostridium Botulinum
- Bacillus Cereus
- Clostridium Perfringens
- Clostridium Difficile
Which of the following are symptoms or clinical signs typical of gastrointestinal disease?
Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, may or may not be accompanied by a fever
Which of the following pathogens can cause systemic intoxication after infection of the GI tract?
Shiga toxin-producing strains of E. Coli leading to Hemolytic-uremic syndrom (HUS) and C. Botulinum(infant botulism)
Which of the following are characteristics of highly virulent strains of Vibrio vulnificus?
encapsulated and grow quickly at human body temp.
-extracellular bacterium that produces some exotoxins of uncertain function
