Final MC Flashcards
Which of the following adaptive immune system effectors specific for Mycobacterium leprae antigens is/are predominant in patients with multibacillary Hansen’s disease?
TH2-biased will created antibody
Which of the following pathogenic mechanisms is responsible for scarlet fever caused by Streptococcus pyogenes?
Systemic intoxication from localized infection in the oropharynx
Among the following classes of pathogen, which commonly cause aseptic meningitis?
Viruses and some fungi
Which of the following is the reservoir of most sexually-transmitted pathogens of humans?
Sexually transmitted pathogens have human reservoir
Which of the following statements is/are true of both human papilloma virus and herpes simplex virus?
Both are viral sexually transmitted localized infections. Double stranded DNA. No curative treatment. Not reportable in NC
Which of the following parasites infect via the genitourinary tract and are transmitted from person to person by sexual activity?
Trichomonas Vaginalis
Trichomoniasis
Which of the following statements is/are true of chlamydiae?
-most common localized bacterial STI
-Gram Negative Rods: have cytoplasmic membrane, and outer membrane with LPS but not peptidoglycan
-Infect non-phagocytic cells
-Can be treated with antibiotics
-Not vaccine preventable
-Inert extracellular phase called elementary body that changes into a metabolically active form, reticulate body (RB)
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What pathogenic mechanism is responsible for infant pneumonia caused by Chlamydia trachomatis?
Localized infection
Which of the following are considered to be blood-borne pathogens?
All are viruses that can establish persistent infections: HIV, HepB, and HepC
Which of the following diseases are caused by spirochetes?
- Syphilis
- Leptospirosis
- Lyme Disease
Which of the following pathogens can give rise to pus-filled vesicles when they infect breaks in the skin?
- Staphulococcus Arueus
- Streptococcus Pyogenes in localized infections
Which of the following diseases result from systemic intoxication following localized infection of the skin?
Tetanus, wound botulism, cutaneous anthrax, cutaneous diphtheria, toxic shock syndrome, scalded skin syndrome, scarlet fever
(CuTS)^2=WOUND
Which of the following diseases may be caused by disseminated infection with Staphylococcus aureus?
- Bacteremia/endocarditis
- Hematogenous, necrotizing pneumonia (PVL)
- osteomyelitis
- septic arthritis
SNOB
Which of the following are virulence factors of Staphylococcus aureus?
- Antiphagocytic, polysaccharid capsule
- Protein A (binds CH regions of IgG; inhibits opsonization)
- Exotoxins (cytolytic toxins, exfoliative toxins, enterotoxins, toxic-shock syndrome toxin-1)
- Secreted Enzymes (hyaluronidase, lipase)
By what pathogenic mechanism does Staphylococcus aureus cause toxic shock syndrome?
Systemic intoxication from localized infection
Which of the following diseases may be caused by localized infection with Streptococcus pyogenes?
- Pharyngitis and rheumatic fever (inflam sequela of heart, joints, blood vessels, and subcutaneous tissues)
- Pyoderma, skin infection (pus-filled vesicles)
- Erysipelas (acute skin infection, fever/chills, and malaise)
- Cellulitis (deep skin infection, fever/chills and malaise)
Which of the following are virulence factors of Streptococcus pyogenes?
- Antiphagocytic, hyaluronic acid capsule (some strains)
- Proteins with anti-complement (C3b and C5a) functions
- Exotoxins (pyrogenic toxins and membrane damaging toxins)
- Secreted enzymes (hyaluronidase, streptokinase, streptococcal chemokine protease)
By what pathogenic mechanism does Streptococcus pyogenes cause toxic shock syndrome?
Disseminated infection (results from bacteremia with toxigenic group A strep strains)
How are diseases caused by arboviruses transmitted to humans?
Transmitted by mosquitos, animal reservoirs (small mammals, or birds)
Which of the following arboviruses is/are endemic to North Carolina?
- La Crosse virus (bunyavirus)
- Eastern Equine Encephalitis virus (togavirus)
- West nile virus (flavivirus)
Which of the following are diseases caused by tick-borne bacteria?
- Rocky Mountain Spotted fever
- Human monocytic ehrlichiosis and tularemia
- Human granulocytic anaplasmosis and bubonic plague
Which of the following cell types are infected by Plasmodium spp. that cause malaria?
Liver cells (primary) and red blood cells (secondary)
For which of the following vector-borne pathogens are humans not a dead-end host?
Not a dead end host for Malaria (plasmodium species), Dengue Virus, Yellow fever virus
MYD MANY YOUNG DIE
Against which of the following vector-borne diseases can humans be protected by vaccination?
Yellow Fever
Which of the following strategies is/are used by Ehrlichia chaffeensis, the causative agent of human monocytic ehrlichiosis, to prevent it from being killed after uptake into host cells by phagocytosis?
Bacteria taken up by neutrophils and block phagolysosome fusion. Grows within the phagosome as an intracellular-vesicular pathogen
