Final MC

Question 1

Which of the following adaptive immune system effectors specific for Mycobacterium leprae antigens is/are predominant in patients with multibacillary Hansen’s disease?

Answer 1

TH2-biased will created antibody

Question 2

Which of the following pathogenic mechanisms is responsible for scarlet fever caused by Streptococcus pyogenes?

Answer 2

Systemic intoxication from localized infection in the oropharynx

Question 3

Among the following classes of pathogen, which commonly cause aseptic meningitis?

Answer 3

Viruses and some fungi

Question 4

Which of the following is the reservoir of most sexually-transmitted pathogens of humans?

Answer 4

Sexually transmitted pathogens have human reservoir

Question 5

Which of the following statements is/are true of both human papilloma virus and herpes simplex virus?

Answer 5

Both are viral sexually transmitted localized infections. Double stranded DNA. No curative treatment. Not reportable in NC

Question 6

Which of the following parasites infect via the genitourinary tract and are transmitted from person to person by sexual activity?

Answer 6

Trichomonas Vaginalis

Trichomoniasis

Question 7

Which of the following statements is/are true of chlamydiae?

Answer 7

-most common localized bacterial STI
-Gram Negative Rods: have cytoplasmic membrane, and outer membrane with LPS but not peptidoglycan
-Infect non-phagocytic cells
-Can be treated with antibiotics
-Not vaccine preventable
-Inert extracellular phase called elementary body that changes into a metabolically active form, reticulate body (RB)
-

Question 8

What pathogenic mechanism is responsible for infant pneumonia caused by Chlamydia trachomatis?

Answer 8

Localized infection

Question 9

Which of the following are considered to be blood-borne pathogens?

Answer 9

All are viruses that can establish persistent infections: HIV, HepB, and HepC

Question 10

Which of the following diseases are caused by spirochetes?

Answer 10

• Syphilis
• Leptospirosis
• Lyme Disease

Question 11

Which of the following pathogens can give rise to pus-filled vesicles when they infect breaks in the skin?

Answer 11

• Staphulococcus Arueus

- Streptococcus Pyogenes in localized infections

Question 12

Which of the following diseases result from systemic intoxication following localized infection of the skin?

Answer 12

Tetanus, wound botulism, cutaneous anthrax, cutaneous diphtheria, toxic shock syndrome, scalded skin syndrome, scarlet fever

(CuTS)^2=WOUND

Question 13

Which of the following diseases may be caused by disseminated infection with Staphylococcus aureus?

Answer 13

• Bacteremia/endocarditis
• Hematogenous, necrotizing pneumonia (PVL)
• osteomyelitis
• septic arthritis

SNOB

Question 14

Which of the following are virulence factors of Staphylococcus aureus?

Answer 14

• Antiphagocytic, polysaccharid capsule
• Protein A (binds CH regions of IgG; inhibits opsonization)
• Exotoxins (cytolytic toxins, exfoliative toxins, enterotoxins, toxic-shock syndrome toxin-1)
• Secreted Enzymes (hyaluronidase, lipase)

Question 15

By what pathogenic mechanism does Staphylococcus aureus cause toxic shock syndrome?

Answer 15

Systemic intoxication from localized infection

Question 16

Which of the following diseases may be caused by localized infection with Streptococcus pyogenes?

Answer 16

• Pharyngitis and rheumatic fever (inflam sequela of heart, joints, blood vessels, and subcutaneous tissues)
• Pyoderma, skin infection (pus-filled vesicles)
• Erysipelas (acute skin infection, fever/chills, and malaise)
• Cellulitis (deep skin infection, fever/chills and malaise)

Question 17

Which of the following are virulence factors of Streptococcus pyogenes?

Answer 17

• Antiphagocytic, hyaluronic acid capsule (some strains)
• Proteins with anti-complement (C3b and C5a) functions
• Exotoxins (pyrogenic toxins and membrane damaging toxins)
• Secreted enzymes (hyaluronidase, streptokinase, streptococcal chemokine protease)

Question 18

By what pathogenic mechanism does Streptococcus pyogenes cause toxic shock syndrome?

Answer 18

Disseminated infection (results from bacteremia with toxigenic group A strep strains)

Question 19

How are diseases caused by arboviruses transmitted to humans?

Answer 19

Transmitted by mosquitos, animal reservoirs (small mammals, or birds)

Question 20

Which of the following arboviruses is/are endemic to North Carolina?

Answer 20

• La Crosse virus (bunyavirus)
• Eastern Equine Encephalitis virus (togavirus)
• West nile virus (flavivirus)

Question 21

Which of the following are diseases caused by tick-borne bacteria?

Answer 21

• Rocky Mountain Spotted fever
• Human monocytic ehrlichiosis and tularemia
• Human granulocytic anaplasmosis and bubonic plague

Question 22

Which of the following cell types are infected by Plasmodium spp. that cause malaria?

Answer 22

Liver cells (primary) and red blood cells (secondary)

Question 23

For which of the following vector-borne pathogens are humans not a dead-end host?

Answer 23

Not a dead end host for Malaria (plasmodium species), Dengue Virus, Yellow fever virus

MYD MANY YOUNG DIE

Question 24

Against which of the following vector-borne diseases can humans be protected by vaccination?

Answer 24

Yellow Fever

Question 25

Which of the following strategies is/are used by Ehrlichia chaffeensis, the causative agent of human monocytic ehrlichiosis, to prevent it from being killed after uptake into host cells by phagocytosis?

Answer 25

Bacteria taken up by neutrophils and block phagolysosome fusion. Grows within the phagosome as an intracellular-vesicular pathogen