Quiz 3 Flashcards
Which of the following kinds of antigens can be recognized by B-cell receptors?
Can recognize a large variety of different molecules and structures such as protein, peptides, polysaccharides, and haptens
Which of the following kinds of antigens can be recognized by T-cell receptors
Can only recognize peptides as antigens that are bound to MHC molecules (MHC 1 for CD8+ T-cells, or MHC 2 for CD4+ T-cells)
Which of the following cell types secrete antibody
Only plasma cells secrete antibody. Memory B cells do not
Which of the following cell types present antigens to naive CD8+ T-cells
only dendritic cells can present antigen on MHC 1 to naive CD8+ T-cells
Legionella pneumophila is a pathogenic bacterium that is taken up into macrophages by phagocytosis. L. pneumophila blocks phagolysosome fusion and grows within the phagosome. Which of the following humoral and/or cellular effectors of the immune system would be most important for clearing L. pneumophila infections.
TH1 T cells and macrophages
Following vaccination with MMR, which of these humoral and/or cellular effectors of the immune system would be most important for clearing the virus infection?
MMR contains three live viruses - intracellular-cytoplasmic pathogens. You would need a combination of neutralizing antibody (inactive extracellular virus) and antigen-specific CTLs (kill infected host cells that present viral antigen on MHC 1) to clear infection.
S. aureus is an encapsulated, extracellular bacterial pathogen that can cause a variety of diseases. Which of the following humoral and/or cellular effectors of the immune system would be most important for clearing S. aureus infection?
Combination of opsonizing antibody (to defeat capsule) and phagocytes (mostly neutrophils) to clear infection
Which of the following vaccines, are polysaccharide conjugates?
Both MCV4 and Hib are polysaccharide conjugate vaccines and PCV
Why are conjugate vaccines needed in infants to confer immunity to encapsulated bacteria?
T-independent antibody responses are not fully developed in infants
HIV infects CD4+ T-cells and ultimately kills them. Untreated HIV infection results in AIDS. Which of the falling immune system defects in AIDS patients is/are directly caused by the loss of CD4+ T-cells?
Any part of the immune system in which CD4+ T-cells are involved. TH1 required to activate macrophages. TH2 required for B cell activation and antibody production.
Which of the following applications of epidemiology typically would be used to monitor ongoing immunization programs?
Ongoing monitored to ensure their effectiveness by tracking the incidence of the target disease in vaccinated populations and safety by tracking the occurrence of vaccine adverse events. EVALUATE CHANGE IN DISEASE INCIDENCE RESPONSE TO VACCINATION
Which of the following statements is/are true of herd immunity/
horizontal transmission of a pathogen is blocked if, while they are shedding the pathogen, an infected host encounters only immune humans. As the number of immune humans increases, the change an infected person will come into contact with a non-immune host decreases.
Which of the following statemtent is/are true of immunological memory?
carried by pools of memory B-cells and memory T-cells that specifically recognize the antigen. Memory B cells do not secrete antibody. Only plasma cells. Memory B cells stimulated to divide and differentiate into plasma cells that can produce igG high-avidity igG for the antigen.
Which of the following vaccines, are recommended only for infants?
RV and Hib only for infants. Rotavirus and Haemophilus influenza invasive disease.
Which of the following vaccines contain infectious (live) viruses?
MMR, varicella, rotavirus, zoster, Live attenuation influenza vaccine
Which of the following cell types contribute to the maintenance of serum antibody levels after resolution of infection?
High levels of igG persist in serum after resolution, and these must be maintained by antibody-secreting cells called long-term producer B cells.
For individuals against which of the following cell types of immune system deficiencies is vaccination against Neisseria meningitides recommended?
Those with immune system deficiencies that don’t compromise the humoral response. Recommended for those who have hereditary deficiencies in terminal complement components as well as those who lack a functioning spleen.
Why does the number of microbes present in the body keep increasing during the early phase of typical adaptive immune response?
because the innate immune system has filed to control the infection and the humoral and cell-mediated effectors of the adaptive immune system have not yet been produced in sufficient numbers.
Which of the following vaccines are contraindicated for pregnant women?
pregnancy causes mild immunosupression, vaccines containing infectious virus should not be administered. MMR, varicella, rotavirus, zoster, Live attenuation influenza vaccine
HPV-18 is sexually transmitted and can establish persistent infections of mucosal epithelia. Following vaccination, which of the following humoral and/or cellular effectors of the immune system would be most important for protecting against future HPV-18 infections?
For protecting mucosal epithelia, igA antibody is the most important adaptive immune system component.
Against which of the following vaccine preventable diseases is/are the U.S general public immunized routinely?
TdAp (Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis), (MMR), Hep A, B, Varicella-Zoster. HiB, HPV, Polio, Pneumonicoccol, Meningicoccol, Flu, RV
Holy Hell Paige Patton Mother FuckeR
Which of the following are features of the immune response to a secondary antigenic challenge?
results in the stimulation of memory B cells to proliferate and differentiate into plasma cells which produce antibody. IgG produced immediately because activated B cells already undergone isotype switching and somatic hypermutation. Antigen specific memory T cells also reactivated.
Which of the following are components of subunit vaccines?
comprised of purified pathogen proteins mixed with an adjuvant that provides the danger signal required to stimulate a protective immune response.
What class(es) of antibody can be produced without T-cell help?
Tis can activate B cells without T-cell help to produce differentiate into plasma cells which will produce IgM. B cells can switch from (IgM to IgG) WITH T-CELL HELP!
Which of the following diseases is the Tdap vaccine intended to prevent?
Tetanus, diphtheria, and pertusis.
