Exam 2 MC Flashcards
Which of the following mechanisms can lead to drug resistance in viruses?
target alterations
Where in the body would activated dendritic cells most commonly be found
Encounter pathogens in peripheral tissues. Migrate to afferent lymph ducts. From there, lymph node
Unlike Vibrio cholerae, the related extracellular bacterium Vibrio vulnificus can cause invasive disease. What isotype of antibody generated in response to infection would contribute to the control of V. vulnificus invasive disease, but not to the control of V. cholerae infection?
Septema in the blood. Controlled by IgM, IgG, and IgA. Only IgA works in V. cholerae so IGM and IGG
Which of the following drug-resistance mechanisms is/are found only in bacteria?
inactivation of drug
In which of the following places in the body would naive lymphocytes be found?
circulating in the efferent lymphatics, blood, and the lymph node
In which of the following places in the body would macrophages be found
peripheral tissues
After encountering a pathogen in peripheral tissues, myeloid dendritic cells do which of the following
take up antigens from its surrounding and then migrate rapidly through afferent lymph ducts to the surrounding lymph node. Then present antigen to T-cells
In which of the following places in the body would monocytes be found?
Monocytes circulate in the blood waiting for a call for action
Which of the following are potential target of antimicrobial drugs?
inhibit growth/reproduction of microbes, inhibit pathogen specific enzymes involved in nucleic acid/protein synthesis and other pathogen functions
Which of the following diseases and conditions should be reported immediately to the local health department if they are reasonably suspected by a physician practicing in NC
All Boys Play Sports To Neglect Homework
anthrax, botulism, plague, smallpox, tuleremia, novel influenza, and hemorrhagic fever virus
Which of the following are examples of immediately actions that might be taken by public health authorities in response to a case of a reportable disease?
contact tracing, issuing isolation order, and performing post exposure prophylaxis
In which of the following classes of pathogen does antimicrobial drug resistance occur by enzymatic inactivation of the drug
only in bacteria
In which of the following classes of pathogens does antimicrobial drug resistance occur through mutations in target enzymes that prevent drug binding
bacteria, virus, fungi, and parasites
What type of infections is combination therapy with antimicrobial agents intended to treat?
Generally employed against pathogens that establish persistent infections (absence of outside intervention) Also can be used against any pathogen for which multiple drugs with different targets are available.
For which of the following types of infectious disease would supportive care alone be an appropriate treatment?
No cure (Ebola hemorrhagic fever). Pathogen-specific treatment doesn’t affect outcome (HUS by E.coli)
A positive PPD skin test for TB involves which of the following humoral and/or cellular effectors of the adaptive immune system?
TH1 T-cells
Which of the following potentially could be a curative treatment for an infectious disease?
chemotherapy, antimicrobial agents, or surgery
Results from which of the following types of tests might help a clinician to refine a differential diagnosis?
blood work, microscope, pathogen antigen testing, culture, pathogen specific PCR, serology, radiology, skin test, chest x-ray, CT scan, PPD
In which of the following places in the body would naive lymphocytes encounter their antigen for the first time?
lymph nodes
Which of the following types of intracellular pathogens would be expected to enter cells by phagocytosis
large, cellular pathogens like bacteria, fungi, or parasites
Which of the following types of intracellular pathogens would be expected to enter cells by endocytosis?
viruses and small, cellular pathogens. Antigens bound by BCR
Which of the following are effector function of terminal complement components?
generate the membrane attack complex - form pores in target cell membrane.
which of the following are effector functions of neutrophils
acts as phagocytes; phagocytosis and digestion of cellular pathogens and debris
Which of the following are effector functions of natural killer cells?
kill infected host cells. can also use antibody to identify targets.
Which of the following are similarities between the cell killing mechanism utilized by the complement system and that of natural killer cells
both create pores in target cell’s cell membrane
