quiz 5 2023 Flashcards
which ganglia in the enteric nervous system is located between the submucosa and circular muscle?
meissners plexus
which neuromodulator causes relaxation of smooth muscle and increases intestinal secretions?
vasoactive intestinal peptide
which route does a hormone take to reach its target tissue?
travels through the bloodstream
which substance is a GI paracrine involved in stimulating hydrogen ion secretion by gastric parietal cells?
histamine
a secondary peristaltic wave moves the bolus to the stomach after it enters the esophagus?
false
which substance is secreted in higher concentrations at high rates of saliva production?
HCO3-
what is secreted by mucous neck cells in the oxyntic glands of the stomach
mucous
what substances form the barrier to damage by acid and pepsin in the gastric mucosa?
bicarbonate
mucous
which portion of pancreatic secretions is stimulated by the product of digestion?
enzymatic
what substance is bile function to emulsify lipids for digestion and assist in absorbing lipid product of digestion?
bile salts
how are glucose, galactose, and fructose absorbed from the enterocyte into the blood?
GLUT 2
which enzyme is released by the pancreas and is an endopeptidase?
chymotrypsin
how is free iron transported from the enterocyte into blood?
ferroportin
which hormone influences sodium absorption and potassium secretion in cells of the colon?
aldosterone
which substance is secreted in exchange for chloride absorption in enterocytes of the ileum?
HCO3-
what for of deconjugated bilirubin can return to the liver from the terminal ileum?
urobiliogen
which area of the avian GIT is muscular for grinding and has a koilin lining for protection
ventriculus
which type of gastroduodenal contraction allows digestia to flow into the duodenum and pushes digestia through the duodenum in birds?
thin ventricular waves
which volatile fatty acid is produced in the highest amounts during rumen fermentation
acetate
in which foregut compartment is hardware disease a major concern
reticulum
what is the correct order of steps for ruminant nutrition
regurgitation, reinsalivation, remastication, and reswallowing
when microfloria was out of the rumen, where will they be killed?
abomasum
which type of vagal indigestion is associated with free gas bloat or failure to eructate
TYPE 1
In general, how many chambers do non-ruminant foregut fermenters have in their stomach for pre-gastric fermentation?
2-4 chambers
In hindgut fermenters using primarily the colon for fermentation, which type of contractions are particularly important for mixing and exposing the digesta to the mucosa for absorption of water and volatile fatty acids?
haustral contractions
